酪蛋白磷酸多肽钙氟磷复合体对牙釉质缺损再矿化的实验研究

目的　探讨 2 %酪蛋白磷酸多肽钙氟磷复合体 (caseinphosphopeptide amorphouscalciumfluoridephosphatecomplexes,CPP ACFP)溶液对人工牙釉质表层下缺损的再矿化作用。方法　从人第三磨牙切取 2 8块釉质片 (每片制备两条表层下釉质缺损 ) ,随机平分为 4组 ,每组分别于再矿化液中浸泡1、3、5、10d。将再矿化后的标本切片 ,显微放射照相 ,测定矿物质含量。结果　经 1、3、5和 10d再矿化后 ,矿化液分别取代人工牙釉质缺损丢失矿物质的 9 19%、14 2 7%、2 9 0 7%和 38 45 % (y =8 9316x0 63 47,R2 =0 932 2 ;y :再矿化率 ,x :时间 )。经One wayScheffe差异多因素分析比较发现 :每两组间再矿化率差异具有显著性。结论　实验室中CPP ACFP对人工牙釉质缺损有明显的再矿化作用     

Consumption of milk with added casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate remineralizes enamel subsurface lesions in situ

Background:  Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is an anticariogenic agent that is suitable to be added to foods. The aim of this double-blind, three-way crossover randomized study was to investigate the capacity of CPP-ACP, when added to bovine milk, to remineralize enamel subsurface lesions in situ .
Methods:  Ten subjects drank 100 mL of bovine milk containing no added CPP-ACP (control milk), 0.2% (w/v) CPP-ACP or 0.3% (w/v) CPP-ACP, for 30 seconds once daily for 15 days, whilst wearing removable appliances with attached slabs of enamel containing subsurface enamel lesions. After each treatment and a one-week washout period, subjects crossed over to another treatment and this was repeated until they had consumed each of the three milk products. At the completion of each treatment the enamel slabs were removed and remineralization was determined using microradiography.
Results:  The results demonstrated that all three milk samples remineralized enamel subsurface lesions in situ . However, the two milk samples containing added CPP-ACP each produced significantly greater remineralization than the control milk.
Conclusions:  The remineralizing effect of CPP-ACP in milk was dose-dependent with milk containing 0.2% CPP-ACP and 0.3% CPP-ACP producing an increase in mineral content of 81% and 164%, respectively, relative to the control milk.     

酪蛋白磷酸肽-非结晶型磷酸钙与含氟制剂抑制牙釉质脱矿的比较研究

目的 评价酪蛋白磷酸肽-非结晶型磷酸钙(casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate,CPP-ACP)与几种临床常用的含氟制剂抑制牙釉质脱矿的作用,为正畸临床预防牙釉质脱矿提供依据.方法 将70颗离体牙分为7组,每组10颗,即A组:CPP-ACP组;B组:CPP-ACP+含氟漱口水组;C组:含氟漱口水组;D组:含氟玻璃离子牙体保护剂组;E组:含氟树脂粘接剂组;F组:氟保护漆组;G组:空白对照组.将7组样本按三餐进食时间放人人工致龋液中,每次10 min,前6组分别于样本颊面釉质表面涂布CPP-ACP、CPP-ACP和含氟漱口水、含氟漱口水、含氟玻璃离子牙体保护剂、含氟树脂粘接剂、氟保护漆,空白对照组不处理,7组样本其余时间均浸泡于人工唾液中.于实验1、2、3个月用原子力显微镜检测.结果 实验1个月D组釉质表面粗糙度[(114±1) nm]显著低于G组[(172±9) nm] (P ＜0.05);实验2和3个月各组釉质表面粗糙度与G组差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);B组粗糙度2和3个月为(87±9)和(27±6) nm,显著低于其他各组(P＜0.05);C组2和3个月粗糙度分别为(145±8)和(126±7)nm,显著高于D、E、F组(P＜0.05).结论 CPP-ACP与含氟制剂在人工致龋环境中均有抑制牙釉质脱矿的作用,CPP-ACP与含氟制剂联合应用效果更佳;含氟固体(D、E、F组)比含氟液体(C组)抑制牙釉质脱矿作用效果更好.     

Adding casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate to sports drinks to eliminate in vitro erosion

PURPOSE: Enamel erosion can occur with frequent consumption of sports drinks. The purpose of this study was to determine a minimal concentration of casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) which when added to a sports drink would eliminate such erosion in vitro. METHODS: Human enamel specimens were immersed in: (1) the sports drink Powerade; (2) Poweradeplus 4 concentrations of CPP-ACP (0.063%, 0.09%, 0.125%, 0.25%); or (3) double deionized water. Windows of test and control enamel were profiled, and the enamel surface characteristics were examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS: The pH of test solutions increased and the titratable acidity decreased with increasing CPP-ACP concentrations. Erosive step lesions occurred in specimens immersed in Powerade (mean depth=38.70kA +/- 5.60), which were eliminated by the addition of CPP-ACP to Powerade at all test concentrations except 0.063% CPP-ACP. Microscopic surface irregularities on test enamel were observed, apparent as adherent granules or globules. These may represent redeposited mineral phases following mobilization of calcium and phosphate from CPP-ACP. Tasters in a taste panel could not distinguish Powerade from Powerade plus 0.125% CPP-ACP. CONCLUSIONS: Adding casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate to the sports drink Powerade significantly reduced the beverage's erosivity without affecting the product's taste.     

Impact of modified acidic soft drinks on enamel erosion

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the enamel erosive potential of modified acidic soft drinks under controlled conditions in an artificial mouth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From each of 144 bovine incisors one enamel sample was prepared. Labial surfaces of the samples were ground flat, polished and covered with adhesive tape, leaving an exposed area. The samples were distributed among four (A-D) groups for treatment with A: Coca-Cola, B: Sprite; C: Sprite light, D: orange juice. Either 1.0 mmol l(-1) calcium (Ca) or a combination (comb.) of 0.5 mmol l(-1) calcium plus 0.5 mmol l(-1) phosphate plus 0.031 mmol l(-1) fluoride was added to the beverages. Samples of each group were subdivided into three subgroups (-original; -Ca and -comb.) for treatment with original and modified drinks. De- and remineralization cycles were based on a standard protocol described earlier. Surface loss of the specimens was determined using profilometry after test procedure. RESULTS: In all subgroups, loss of enamel was observed. The enamel loss recorded for the samples rinsed with original Sprite and original orange juice was significantly higher compared with all other solutions (P = 0.001). Lowest enamel loss was recorded for the original Coca-Cola group (P = 0.001). With the exception of Coca-Cola, demineralization with the modified beverages led to significantly lower losses compared with the respective original solutions. CONCLUSION: Modification of the test soft drinks with low concentrations of calcium or a combination of calcium, phosphate and fluoride may exert a significant protective potential with respect to dental erosion.     

Effect of acidic fluoride treatments on early enamel erosion lesions—A comparison of calcium and profilometric analyses

Objective

The protective effect of fluoride solutions against acidic challenge on enamel was tested in vitro using calcium- and profilometer analyses.

Methods

HF-, SnF₂-, TiF₄- and NaF solutions (0.1 M F⁻, with a pH of 2.0, 2.9, 1.5, 7.3, respectively) and H₂O were tested on a total of 60 enamel specimens divided into 10 groups. Prior to and after F-treatment five groups were exposed for 1 min to 0.01 M citric acid, and the other five groups for 10 min to 0.1 M citric acid. Enamel specimens were measured by profilometry at baseline and before and after each acidic challenge. [Ca] in the collected citric acid samples was measured by atom absorption spectroscopy (AAS). ΔCa and Δ surface height were calculated for each specimen and the data were analysed using one-way ANOVA, Tukeys test and Pearson r correlation.

Results

AAS showed that the acidic F-treatments significantly reduced enamel dissolution for both the 1 min and 10 min acidic challenge. Profilometry showed no significant differences between the F-solutions for the 1 min groups. Significant differences could be seen between the fluorides for the 10 min groups and there was a large correlation between the profilometric and AAS results. In conclusion, all fluoride solutions reduced enamel dissolution when specimens were exposed to citric acid.

Conclusions

The profilometer was not sensitive enough to measure the effects of the different fluorides against a low acidic challenge. AAS was able to show these differences and for the 10 min acidic challenge there was a good correlation between the results from the two methods.     

含氟酪蛋白磷酸肽—磷酸钙复合物对酸蚀牙釉质显微硬度的影响

目的研究含氟酪蛋白磷酸肽-磷酸钙复合物(CPP-ACP)在体外对酸蚀牛牙釉质显微硬度的影响。方法选择新鲜拔除的牛下切牙60个,制成60个5mm×5mm正方形釉质开窗区,其余部分由抗酸指甲油涂抹封闭,将釉质块样本完全随机分为4组,每组15个,分别进行4种不同处理(A组为阴性对照组;B组为阳性对照组,使用碳酸饮料酸蚀处理;C组为碳酸饮料酸蚀后使用CPP-ACP进行再矿化;D组为酸蚀后使用含氟CPP-ACP(氟浓度为900ppm)再矿化。使用显微硬度仪测定样本显微硬度,比较各组显微硬度的差别。结果 D组显微硬度较C组高,C组及D组显微硬度均高于B组但低于A组,各组间的差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论含氟酪蛋白磷酸肽-磷酸钙复合物可以提高酸蚀牙釉质的显微硬度。     

酪蛋白磷酸肽钙磷复合体促进牙釉质再矿化的研究进展

酪蛋白磷酸肽钙磷复合体(CPP-ACP)是由酪蛋白磷酸肽与无定形磷酸钙结合形成的一种新型有效抗龋生物制剂,具有促进牙釉质龋再矿化的作用。本文就其结构、促进釉质再矿化的科学证据及其对牙釉质再矿化的作用机制进行综述。     

骆蛋白磷酸多肽-无定形磷酸钙在正畸治疗中预防牙釉质脱矿的体外研究

目的 通过体外实验研究酪蛋白磷酸多肽-无定形磷酸钙(cvv-ACP,商品名护牙素)对固定矫治中托槽周围牙釉质脱矿的预防作用.方法 将60颗因正畸治疗而拔除的前磨牙随机分成四组:①护牙素组;②0.2%NaF组;③0.2%NaF 护牙素组;④空白对照组.在牙齿颊面粘结正畸托槽.体外pH循环35天后.每组取10个样本经切片、磨片至厚度100/μm-110μm,采用软X线投照技术及高清晰度数码显微图像分析系统测量釉质脱矿深度和灰度.另外,每组取5个样本用扫描电镜观察釉质表面超微结构的改变.用SPSSl3.0统计软件进行数据处理分析.结果 形态学表现:软X线照片显示护牙素组、0.2%NaF组、0.2%NaF 护牙素组都没有出现明显脱矿,对照组出现了19.34±6.8pJn深的脱矿.扫描电镜显示前三组的牙釉质表面有矿物质沉积,孔隙变小,对照组的牙釉质表面有程度不等蜂窝状孔隙.灰度值比较结果显示:①护牙素组、0.2%NaF组之间脱矿量没有统计学差异(P>O.05);②护牙素组、0.2%NaF组、0.2%NaF 护牙素组的脱矿量与空白对照组之间有显著的统计学差异(P相似文献   

The effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on erosive dentine wear

Background:  Erosive tooth wear is a growing concern in clinical dentistry. Our aims were to assess the effect of Tooth Mousse (TM) in managing erosive dentine wear in vitro .
Methods:  Opposing enamel and dentine specimens from 36 third molar teeth were worn under a load of 100 N for 75 000 cycles in electromechanical tooth wear machines. In experiment 1, TM was applied continuously at the wear interface and the mean dentine wear rate was compared with those of specimens subjected to continuous application of hydrochloric acid (HCl, pH 3.0) and deionized water (DW, pH 6.1) as lubricants. In experiment 2, specimens were subjected to TM application every 1600 cycles at both pH 3.0 and 6.1, and the mean dentine wear rates were compared with those of specimens worn with continuous application of HCl and DW lubricants.
Results:  Dentine wear was reduced significantly with continuous application of TM compared with HCl and DW lubricants. Specimens prepared with continuous TM application displayed smooth wear facets, whereas more pronounced microwear details were observed with HCl and DW lubricants.
Conclusions:  Both remineralization and lubrication seem to contribute to reduction in dentine wear associated with TM application, although lubrication appears to have a more pronounced effect.     

酪蛋白磷酸肽钙磷复合体在牙菌斑中的作用

酪蛋白磷酸肽钙磷复合体是由一种含成簇磷酸丝氨酸的生物活性肽———酪蛋白磷酸肽与无定形磷酸钙经生物结合而形成,具有重要的生物活性,是一种新型的生物防龋制剂。本文就其结构特征、在牙菌斑中对主要致龋菌的影响、抑制脱矿及促进早期龋再矿化作用,以及研究展望等方面作一综述。     

Effect of iron on the dissolution of bovine enamel powder in vitro by carbonated beverages

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effect of iron on the dissolution of bovine enamel powder, when added to two carbonated beverages. DESIGN: Powdered enamel was produced by griding enamel fragments of bovine incisor in a steel pestle and mortar. Particles between 75 and 106 microm were selected using appropriated meshes. At time zero, the carbonated beverage (Coke or Sprite Zero) was added to powdered enamel (1 mg enamel powder/10 microL of beverage) and vortexed for 30 s. The sample was immediately centrifuged (11,000 rpm) for 30 s and the supernatant was removed at 1 min 40 s. This procedure was repeated five times with the beverage containing increasing ferrous sulphate concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 mmol/L). The phosphate released in the medium was analysed spectrophotometrically. Data were analysed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). RESULTS: When iron at 30 and 60 mmol/L was added to Coke, a significant reduction in the dissolution of powdered enamel was observed when compared to control (11 and 17%, respectively), while lower iron concentrations did not have any effect on enamel powder dissolution. Regarding Sprite Zero, iron concentrations up to 10 mmol/L had no significant effect, while higher concentrations significantly increased enamel powder dissolution. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that iron can interfere with the dissolution of dental enamel powder in the presence of acidic beverages and the type of acid in these beverages seems to modulate this effect.     

In vitro erosion of bovine enamel caused by acidic drinks and other foodstuffs

Abstract – The objective was to compare the erosive effect of some commonly used acidic drinks and milk products on a bovine tooth enamel model system. Conditions were selected to be sufficiently severe to cause erosion. Loss of material after erosion experiments was measured by recording the depth of the surface profile after repeated and prolonged exposure. Changes in the enamel surface were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The reparative mechanisms were studied by immersing test teeth in saliva, with or without (2 ppm) fluoride, after severe demineralization in the test products. According to the t-test for paired means, cola beverages and orange beverages differed from beer, coffee with or without sugar, strawberry yoghurt, buttermilk, and carbonated mineral water at the level P 0.01. Each of the last-mentioned test products differed from sports drinks, diet cola beverages and orange juice less significantly. In addition, bathing of teeth in saliva between exposures to the test products did not influence the erosive depth. The results, based on in vitro conditions that ensured erosion, are useful for comparative purposes but cannot be directly extended to the oral cavity under normal use conditions.     

Susceptibility of deciduous and permanent enamel to dietary acid-induced erosion studied with atomic force microscopy nanoindentation

The initial stages of dental enamel demineralization by dietary acids are of particular clinical relevance. Some authors have reported a difference in the susceptibility of deciduous and permanent enamel to erosion, although other studies could not confirm these findings. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate whether there are differences in the susceptibility of deciduous and permanent enamel to dietary acid induced erosion (demineralization). Nanoindentation combined with atomic force microscopy was used to investigate the erosive effect of four different drinks (cola, lemonade, juice drink, and water) on enamel at early stages in vitro. Surface nanohardness and reduced elastic modulus were obtained for the soft drink-treated enamel samples as a function of the exposure time. The results obtained showed that the four drinks had widely differing erosive effects due to their diverse compositions. Water did not show statistically significant changes in nanomechanical properties for all exposure times compared with untreated enamel. Exposure of enamel to cola, lemonade and the juice drink led to a statistically significant surface softening of the enamel with cola and the lemonade having a much stronger softening effect than the juice drink. For longer exposure times enamel softening increased for cola and lemonade and stayed unchanged for the juice drink. Deciduous enamel was not found to be more susceptible to erosion than permanent enamel under the conditions of the present study.     

酪蛋白磷酸肽-无定形磷酸钙促进牙再矿化的机制

牙体在正常生理状态下处于脱矿和再矿化的动力平衡之中,当环境改变后,平衡被打破,脱矿和再矿化会向某一方向持续进行.脱矿不仅导致牙体形态学发生改变,也是龋病的开端,所以应该采取有力措施阻断这一过程,使其平衡向再矿化方向发展.以往以氟化物防龋并取得了较好的效果,却因不良反应使其应用受到了一定的限制.研究显示,牛奶和奶酪等奶制...     

CPP-ACP与不同浓度氟促进釉质再矿化的研究

目的：探讨酪蛋白磷酸多肽-无定形磷酸钙(casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate,CPP-ACP) 与不同浓度氟离子联合应用对脱矿釉质再矿化的作用。方法：取正畸拔除的健康前磨牙30颗,乳酸凝胶法制备人工早期釉质脱矿后, 随机分为对照组(5% CPP-ACP组)、实验组1(5% CPP-ACP+500 mg/L F-组)和实验组2(5% CPP-ACP+900 mg/L F-组),采用MH-5型显微硬度仪测量处理前、后釉质标本的显微硬度,采用SPSS 18.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：显微硬度测量显示,实验组2牙釉质的表面显微硬度变化显著高于实验组1(P<0.05)及对照组(P<0.01)。结论：CPP-ACP能够促进脱矿釉质再矿化,氟对其有加强协同作用。在一定范围内,氟浓度越高,协同作用越好。