硅灰石填充尼龙1010复合材料摩擦磨损性能

在制备硅灰石填充尼龙(PA)1010复合材料的基础上,测试了复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察摩擦面的形貌,探讨了摩擦磨损机理,分析了复合材料的力学性能和热性能对摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,硅灰石的加入大幅降低了PA1010与钢材间的摩擦系数和磨损量。当硅灰石质量分数为70%时,复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损量仅为纯PA1010的54.7%和11.4%,PA1010的耐磨性得到显著改善。硅灰石的加入减轻了PA1010的粘着磨损和疲劳磨损,当硅灰石质量分数为70%时只有轻微的犁沟现象。随着热变形温度和拉伸弹性模量的提高,体积磨损量降低,摩擦系数逐渐减小。     

碳纤维/聚丙烯复合材料的制备及性能研究

为了提高聚丙烯(PP)材料的拉伸性能、摩擦性能等力学性能,采用液相氧化的方法将碳纤维(CF)预处理,并将预处理后的碳纤维填充到聚丙烯中,制备CF/PP复合材料,研究其对聚丙烯材料的力学性能和摩擦性能的影响。实验结果表明:CF/PP复合材料的拉伸性能较PP材料提高、冲击性能降低、材料摩擦系数降低,在一定范围内,材料的拉伸强度与碳纤维的含量基本成正比,但当CF含量超过7.5g时纤维的增强效果变得缓慢。随着CF含量的增加CF/PP复合材料的抗冲击性能、摩擦系数明显下降。     

含油MC尼龙复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

制备了一种轴承润滑油填充浇铸尼龙(MC尼龙)复合材料,并对其力学性能和摩擦磨损性能进行了研究。结果表明:润滑油的加入明显改善了MC尼龙的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能,提高了MC尼龙的韧性和摩擦系数;当润滑油用量为5%时,MC尼龙复合材料具有较高的强度和韧性,同时具有较低的摩擦系数和磨损量。     

不同工艺条件下PEEK/CF复合材料摩擦磨损特性

以碳纤维(CF)为增强相,制备了在不同处理工艺下的聚醚醚酮(PEEK)/CF复合材料,采用摩擦磨损试验机对复合材料的摩擦学性能进行测试并通过三维形貌仪以及扫描电子显微镜分析磨痕微观形貌。研究结果表明,CF的添加会增加PEEK/CF复合材料的摩擦系数,而且随着CF含量的增加,摩擦系数也逐渐增加;但PEEK/CF复合材料的磨损量会随着CF含量的增加,呈现出先减小后增加的趋势。不经过热处理时,CF质量分数在20%时,磨损量从CF质量分数为0%的2.9×10~(–7) mm~3/(N·m)降至1.8×10~(–7) mm~3/(N·m),当CF质量分数为40%时,磨损量急剧增大。经过热处理后,PEEK/CF复合材料的耐磨性有所提升,当CF的质量分数为20%时,磨损量为1.2×10~(–7) mm~3/(N·m),相较于未热处理的复合材料,磨损量减少了35.4%。     

碳纳米管/碳纤维增强聚苯硫醚复合材料研究

研究了采用碳纤维(CF)和碳纳米管(CNTs)增强聚苯硫醚(PPS)的力学性能和导电性能。实验分别采用CF和CNTs为添加剂,通过球磨混合后在平板硫化机上进行模压成型,制备出CF/PPS、CNTs/PPS和CNTs/CFPPS/复合材料。采用万能试验机测试复合材料的拉伸性能;采用数字式四探针测试仪测试材料的电导率。实验研究了CF和CNTs含量对其复合材料的导电性能和力学性能的影响,并进一步研究同时添加CF和CNTs对复合材料增强作用。通过分析复合材料的导电性能和力学性能,分别得出CF含量为20%、CNTs含量为15%时复合材料的力学性能和导电性能较理想。采用CF和CNTs同时增强PPS时,当CF添加16%、CNTs添加4%时,CNTs/CF/PPS复合材料性能较好。此外,对CF和CNTs增强机制进行初步讨论。     

纤维增强聚苯硫醚复合材料摩擦磨损性能的研究

分别以玻璃纤维(GF)与碳纤维(CF)作为增强体制备了聚苯硫醚(PPS)纤维增强复合材料。研究了GF/PPS和CF/PPS复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,以及不同体积分数的纤维增强体、不同载荷与滑动速度对复合材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:GF与CF的引入有效地提高了复合材料的摩擦磨损性能;随纤维体积分数的增加复合材料的摩擦系数逐渐增加,随载荷的增加复合材料的摩擦系数逐渐降低,但磨损率增大。     

碳纤维增强PPESK/PPBESK共混树脂性能研究

研究了碳纤维增强PPBESK/PPESK共混树脂的加工性能、力学性能,同时讨论了耐磨助剂对体系摩擦磨损性能影响。结果表明:m(PPESK8020)∶m(PPBESK3505)=3∶7较适合作为连续挤出成型工艺树脂基体,而且,共混树脂加工前需要采用160℃,5~6h加热烘干处理,要求w(水)0.05%。w(CF)=25%时,体系的碳纤维长度分布效果好,复合材料力学性能最高、摩擦系数最低。当耐磨助剂w(SiC)=10%时,CF/PPESK8020/PPBESK3505体系磨损量最低。因此,加入适应的耐磨助剂可以有效地提高体系的耐磨损性能,尤其是加入吸水性能好的助剂,可以在摩擦表面形成表层,阻止磨损量增大。     

基于双转子连续混炼挤出机的PPS/CF复合材料制备及性能研究

采用双转子连续混炼挤出机并通过熔融共混法制备了碳纤维(CF)增强聚苯硫醚(PPS)复合材料,并对其微观形貌、动态力学性能、力学性能和导电性能进行了研究,且对相关的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,适当降低挤出机转子转速、提高CF含量可以改善PPS/CF复合材料的力学性能和导电性能;当转子转速为200r/min时,采用含量为20 % (质量分数,下同)的CF制得的PPS/CF复合材料的冲击强度达到49.94 J/m,体积电阻率达到60.65 Ω·cm,均优于纯PPS。     

剑麻/钢纤维增强改性酚醛树脂力学和摩擦性能

采用改性酚醛树脂为基体,剑麻/钢纤维混杂为增强纤维,通过辊炼、模压成型工艺制备了剑麻/钢纤维增强酚醛树脂复合材料.研究了剑麻纤维的加入及含量对聚砜改性酚醛树脂复合材料力学性能、摩擦磨损性能及热稳定性能的影响.结果表明:剑麻纤维质量分数为15%、钢纤维为10%时,复合材料的冲击和弯曲强度分别为3.82 kJ/m2和59.6 Mpa,达到最大;随着剑麻纤维含量的增加,复合材料的摩擦系数降低,热稳定性能下降,当剑麻纤维质量分数为10%时,复合材料的摩擦性能优异;复合材料的磨损面呈现黏着磨损和疲劳磨损特征.     

酸性溶液中PTW增强PTFE复合材料的耐蚀性和摩擦磨损性能

分别研究了不同含量钛酸钾晶须(PTW)、碳纤(CF)填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料在硫酸溶液中和干摩擦条件下摩擦学性能以及酸中的耐蚀性能,借助SEM等分析探讨了相关机理。结果表明,酸中纯PTFE耐磨性较干摩擦条件下提高了2个数量级,摩擦系数也只有干摩擦的15.3%。与CF/PTFE相比,PTW/PTFE复合材料在酸中显示更好的耐蚀和耐磨性能。PTW可以进一步提高PTFE酸中耐磨性能、降低摩擦系数。含15%（质量）PTW时复合材料具有最低的磨损率,此时比纯PTFE酸中耐磨性提高13.8倍,是相同含量CF/PTFE耐磨性的3.2倍。由于酸溶液的冷却和润滑作用,复合材料的摩擦系数与干条件相比明显降低。然而,酸溶液阻止了转移膜的形成。不管是干摩擦还是在酸性溶液中,当填料含量超过15%（质量）时,犁削和磨粒磨损是PTFE复合材料的主要磨损机理。     

Friction and wear mechanisms of PA66/PPS blend reinforced with carbon fiber

The mechanical and tribological properties of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced polyamide 66 (PA66)/polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) blend composite were studied in this article. It was found that CF reinforcement greatly increases the mechanical properties of PA66/PPS blend. The friction coefficient of the sample decreases with the increase of CF content. When CF content is lower (below 30%), the wear resistance is deteriorated by the addition of CF. However, the loading of higher than 30% CF significantly improves the tribological properties of the blend. The lowest friction coefficient (0.31) and the wear volume (1.05 mm³) were obtained with the PA66/PPS blend containing 30% CF. The transfer film and the worn surface formed by sample during sliding were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The observations revealed that the friction coefficient of PA66/PPS/CF composite depends on the formation and development of a transfer film on the counterface. The abrasive wear caused by ruptured CFs (for lower CF content) and the load bearing ability of CFs (for higher CF content) are the major factors affecting the wear volume. In addition, the improvements of mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and self‐lubrication of bulk CFs are also contributed to the wear behavior of PA66/PPS/CF composite. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Mechanical and tribological properties of PA66/PPS blend. II. Filled with PTFE

The mechanical and tribological properties of 70 vol % PA66/30 vol % PPS blend filled with different content of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were studied in this paper. It was found that the addition of PTFE impairs the mechanical properties of PA66/PPS blend, but greatly increases the wear resistance and decreases the friction coefficient. When PTFE content exceeds 20 vol %, the friction coefficient of composite is minimum (0.15) and lower than that of pure PTFE under the same conditions (0.22). The lowest wear volume (0.44 mm³) is obtained with PA66/PPS/30 vol % PTFE composite, which decreased by 91% compared with unfilled PA66/PPS blend (4.99 mm³). The topography of transfer film and the elemental distribution were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), respectively. Because of the characteristic crystalline structure, PTFE preferentially transferred to the steel ring surface and formed a thin, uniform and firmly adhered transfer layer, which reduced the ability of PA66/PPS blend to transfer and prevent the adhesion between the sample and the couterface. In addition, the superior lubrication of PTFE inhibited the frictional heat melting during sliding. All these aspects are close related to the friction and wear behavior of PA66/PPS/PTFE composite. Upon the addition of PTFE, thermal control of friction regime is not applicable to the PA66/PPS blend. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 969–977, 2006     

Mechanical and tribological properties of PA66/PPS blend. III. Reinforced with GF

Based on previous work, 70 vol % PA66/30 vol % PPS blend was selected as a matrix, and the PA66/PPS blend reinforced with different content of glass fiber (GF) was prepared in this study. The mechanical properties of PA66/PPS/GF composites were studied, and the tribological behaviors were tested on block‐on‐ring sliding wear tester. The results showed that 20–30 vol % GF greatly increases the mechanical properties of PA66/PPS blend. When GF content is 20 vol %, the friction coefficient of composite is the lowest (0.35), which is decreased by 47% in comparison with the unfilled blend. The wear volume of the GF‐reinforced PA66/PPS blend composite decreases with the increase of GF content. However, the wear‐resistance is not apparently improved by the addition of GF in the experimental range for comparison with unfilled PA66/PPS blend. The worn surface and the transfer film on the counterface were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observations revealed that the friction coefficient of composite depends on the formation and development of a transfer film. The wear mechanism involves polymer matrix wear and fiber wear. The former consists of melting wear and plastic deformation of the matrix, while the latter includes fiber sliding wear, cracking, rupturing, and pulverizing. The contributions of the matrix wear and the fiber wear determine the ultimate wear volume of PA66/PPS/GF composite. In addition, the abrasive action caused by the ruptured glass fiber is also a very important factor. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 523–529, 2006     

The Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Anodic Oxidation Treatment Carbon Fiber-Filled PU Composite

The interfacial adhesion of the carbon fiber (CF) reinforced polyurethane (PU) composite was improved by the means of anodic oxidation treatment. The mechanical and reciprocating sliding wear properties were studied and results showed that the anodic oxidation treatment have definitely improved the mechanical strength. And the wear and the friction coefficient of PU decreased with the addition of CF. The friction coefficients of anodic oxidation treated CF/PU composites are lower than those of PU and CF/PU composite. The interfacial adhesion between the CF and PU dominated the main wear mechanisms.     

聚苯硫醚复合材料摩擦性能的研究

考察了聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）、纳米无机粒子及不同含量和粒度的石墨填充改性聚苯硫醚（PPS）复合材料的摩擦磨损性能、力学性能；并采用扫描电镜（SEM）观测了磨损表面及对摩面的微观结构。结果表明：石墨的添加有利于在对摩面上形成转移物，而且随着石墨含量的增加，材料的摩擦系数明显降低，但磨耗量却有所升高，而石墨的粒度变化对材料的摩擦性能没有太大的影响；当PTFE和石墨两种固体润滑剂同时加入时，材料的力学强度有所降低，但其摩擦系数及磨耗量都得到明显改善，材料以疲劳磨损为主：纳米无机粒子的加入会使材料的磨耗量有所增大，其磨损机理转变为磨粒磨损。     

聚四氟乙烯填充聚醚醚酮及其复合材料的研究

利用熔融共混工艺制备了ＰＥＥＫ／ＰＴＦＥ共混物及其复合材料,研究了ＰＴＦＥ对ＰＥＥＫ共混物及其复合材料力学性能和耐磨性的影响,结果表明,ＰＥＥＫ经１０％￣ＰＴＦＥ填充改性,玻纤／碳纤混杂增强后,由于磨损方式的改变,使该复合材料不仅保持了良好的物理力学性能,而且具有较低的摩擦系数,耐磨性也得到明显改善。     

Tuning the properties of carbon fiber-reinforced poly(phenylene sulphide) laminates via incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles

Novel carbon fiber (CF)-reinforced poly(phenylene sulphide) (PPS) laminates incorporating inorganic fullerene-like tungsten disulfide (IF-WS₂) nanoparticles were prepared via melt-blending and hot-press processing. The influence of the IF-WS₂ on the morphology, thermal, mechanical and tribological properties of PPS/CF composites was investigated. Efficient nanoparticle dispersion within the matrix was attained without using surfactants. A progressive rise in thermal stability was found with increasing IF-WS₂ loading, as revealed by thermogravimetric analysis. The addition of low nanoparticle contents retarded the crystallization of the matrix, whereas concentrations equal or higher than 1.0 wt% increased both the crystallization temperature and degree of crystallinity compared to those of PPS/CF. Mechanical tests indicated that with only 1.0 wt% IF-WS₂ the flexural modulus and strength of PPS/CF improved by 17 and 14%, respectively, without loss in toughness, ascribed to a synergistic effect between the two fillers. A significant enhancement in the storage modulus and glass transition temperature was also observed. Moreover, the wear rate and coefficient of friction strongly decreased, attributed to the lubricant role of the IF-WS₂ combined with their reinforcing effect. These inorganic nanoparticles show great potential to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of conventional thermoplastic/CF composites for structural applications.     

Friction properties of graphene reinforced nitrile rubber composites after thermal oxidation aging: Experiment and molecular dynamics simulation

We established friction models for pure NBR, GNS/NBR, and GO/NBR composites through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Our study focused on the impact of GNS and GO on the friction properties of nitrile rubber (NBR) composite materials after undergoing thermal oxygen aging. Based on the simulation results, it can be observed that the GNS/NBR and GO/NBR composites' coefficient of friction (COF) decreases by 20.8% and 24.8%, respectively, at 348 K. Additionally, the abrasion rate is reduced by 17.4% and 25.7%, respectively, for the same composites. Adding GNS and GO can effectively improve the friction performance of the NBR composite system, and compared with GNS, GO shows a better enhancement effect. Pure NBR and GO/NBR composite materials were prepared by mechanical blending method, and the friction properties of GO-enhanced NBR composite materials were studied. The experimental results show that the GO/NBR composite material can maintain a low friction and wear coefficient after thermal and oxygen aging. It shows that adding GO can effectively improve the friction properties of NBR composite systems and slow down the weakening effect of aging on the friction properties of NBR composite materials. This is because the GO surface contains wealthy functional groups such as epoxy groups, which enhances the binding strength between the GO and NBR interface so that the GO/NBR composite material exhibits better friction properties and thermal oxygen aging resistance. In addition, the wear surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing the damage mechanism of friction and wear of NBR composite materials.     

BPR含量对BPR/SF/PF复合材料摩擦磨损性能和力学性能的影响

将硼酚醛树脂(BPR)与普通酚醛树脂(PF)熔融共混,再加入经过碱处理的剑麻纤维(SF),通过模压成型工艺制备BPR/SF/PF复合材料。利用定速式摩擦试验机和电子万能试验机研究了BPR含量对复合材料摩擦磨损性能及力学性能的影响,采用扫描电镜观察了复合材料磨损表面的形貌。结果表明:在BPR/PF=50/100时,与普通PF/SF复合材料相比,BPR/SF/PF复合材料在300℃下的磨损率降低了42%,冲击强度提高了14%,弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高了25%和36%;复合材料磨损面形貌显示,加入BPR后,复合材料由疲劳磨损转变为磨粒磨损。