酶解鮰鱼皮明胶制备ACE抑制肽的工艺条件优化

以斑点叉尾鮰鱼皮明胶为原料,采用风味蛋白酶对其进行水解,制备ACE抑制肽。通过单因素实验考察温度、pH、底物浓度、加酶量及酶解时间对明胶水解物ACE抑制率的影响,在此基础上,采用Box-Behnken实验设计和响应面分析对风味蛋白酶水解鮰鱼皮明胶制备ACE抑制肽的工艺条件进行优化。实验结果表明,风味蛋白酶水解鮰鱼皮明胶制备ACE抑制肽的优化工艺条件为水解温度50℃,pH7.0,底物浓度4.5%,加酶量2.5%,酶解时间3h,在此条件得到的明胶水解物的ACE抑制率为91.45%,验证实验结果为89.81%。     

响应面法优化猪血红蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的酶解工艺条件

以猪血红蛋白为原料,采用胃蛋白酶水解猪血红蛋白制备ACE抑制肽。以体外ACE抑制率和水解度为指标,通过单因素试验对酶解温度、酶解pH值、底物质量浓度、加酶量、酶解时间等酶解工艺参数进行研究,并用响应面法优化酶解工艺,建立二次多项数学模型。结果表明,胃蛋白酶水解猪血红蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的最佳工艺参数为酶解温度37.60℃、酶解pH 1.98、底物质量浓度4.98g/100mL、加酶量3.04%、酶解时间4h,酶解产物的最大ACE抑制率为70.09%。     

长白山松子降血压肽制备工艺优化

采用碱性蛋白酶对长白山松子分离蛋白进行酶解,以水解度和酶解物的ACE抑制率为考察指标,考察酶解p H、酶解温度、底物浓度、加酶量4个因素的影响,通过响应面(Box-Benhnken)组合优化试验,确定得到ACE抑制率最佳的条件为酶解p H8.9,酶解温度55℃,加酶量7 500 U/g(以底物计),底物浓度2.5%,此时ACE抑制率为70.1%,水解度为17.5%,与模型预测值基本相符。     

响应面法优化酶解制备绿豆蛋白ACE抑制肽的研究

以绿豆蛋白粉为原料制备绿豆ACE抑制肽,研究酶解时间、酶解温度、酶解pH、底物浓度、加酶量对ACE抑制率和水解度的影响,通过单因素实验得到最佳条件为:酶解温度55℃,酶解pH8,底物浓度2%,加酶量6000u/g。随后选取对ACE抑制率有显著影响的四个因素:酶解温度(X1)、加酶量(X2)、酶解pH(X3)和酶解时间(X4)进行四因素三水平的响应面分析实验,经过优化得到最优条件为:酶解温度55℃,酶解pH8.25,底物浓度1.75%,加酶量6200u/g。在此条件下,绿豆ACE抑制肽的抑制率为84.83%。     

酶解虾壳蛋白制备ACE 抑制剂的工艺优化

以虾壳粉为原料,以水解度和ACE抑制率为指标,利用中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,其中中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶有较高的ACE抑制活性,因此对碱性蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶的工艺条件进一步优化。结果表明：碱性蛋白酶酶解工艺优化条件为：温度60℃、pH9.5、底物质量浓度2.5g/100mL、加酶量4000U/g、酶解时间2.5h,在此条件下ACE抑制率最高,为67.70%,水解度为69.79%;中性蛋白酶酶解工艺优化条件为：温度50℃、pH7.0、底物质量浓度2.5g/100mL、加酶量2000U/g、酶解时间2h,在此条件下ACE抑制率最高,为84.04%,水解度为26.76%。提示中性蛋白酶酶解能够产生更多的ACE抑制肽,是酶解虾壳蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的较优酶。     

逆流超声辅助酶解法制备大米ACE抑制肽

研究逆流超声预处理大米蛋白对其碱性蛋白酶酶解制备血管紧张素转换酶(Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme,ACE)抑制肽的影响。首先从米渣中提取大米蛋白,以ACE抑制率为主要指标,水解度为辅助指标,运用单因素逐级优化法对酶解反应的底物浓度、时间、温度、加酶量和pH进行参数优化,在此基础上筛选逆流超声模式的最佳超声参数。结果表明最佳酶解参数为底物浓度30 g/L、加酶量(E/S)7.5%、温度50 ℃、pH8.5和酶解时间60 min,此时酶解产物ACE抑制率为45.59%,水解度为21.49%。最佳超声参数为超声频率20 kHz、功率密度170 W/L、时间12.5 min。此时酶解液ACE抑制率达72.24%,水解度为21.64%,相较于未超声组ACE抑制率提高了57.42%,相较于传统超声组,ACE抑制率提高了11.36%。结果表明逆流超声波辅助酶解法能有效提高酶解效率、减少能耗、促进ACE抑制肽制备。     

酶解鳙鱼鱼肉蛋白制备ACE抑制肽工艺参数优化

采用碱性蛋白酶Alcalase 2.4L对鳙鱼鱼肉蛋白进行水解,制备血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制肽。以酶解物ACE抑制率为指标,先进行单因素实验,确定底物浓度([S])、温度、pH、酶用量及水解时间5个因素的最适水平范围,再通过响应面分析法(RSM)对加酶量、温度和水解时间3个酶解工艺参数进行优化。结果表明:Alcalase水解鳙鱼鱼肉蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的最佳酶解条件为:[S]6%、加酶量2.2%、温度57℃,pH9.0及水解时间6.4h,此条件下酶解物ACE抑制率理论值为81.77%,验证实验结果ACE抑制率为81.52%,与理论值相符合。     

固定化碱性蛋白酶水解花生蛋白制备ACE抑制肽

采用固定化碱性蛋白酶水解花生蛋白制备ACE抑制肽。以短肽生成率和ACE抑制率作为评价指标,通过响应面优化设计获得最佳的酶解条件为:加酶量1767μ/g蛋白,酶解时间143min,酶解pH为10.00,酶解温度取45℃,获得的短肽生成率和ACE抑制率为82.67%和83.48%。此外,适当增加水解度可以提高酶解产物的ACE抑制活性,但过度水解会导致ACE抑制率下降。     

葵花籽多肽的制备及其降压活性研究

试验以低温脱脂葵花籽粕为原料,进行脱脂和脱绿原酸处理后,用碱性蛋白酶制备葵花籽多肽。以水解度和ACE抑制率为评价指标,对底物浓度、加酶量、酶解温度、酶解时间和pH值进行单因素试验,在此基础上采用响应面试验优化碱性蛋白酶制备葵花籽多肽的最佳水解工艺。结果表明:底物浓度为15g/mL、加酶量为3 700U/g、酶解温度为56℃和pH值为8.2的条件下水解3h,ACE抑制率可达63.74%。     

鲍鱼脏器酶解工艺条件的优化

以鲍鱼内脏为原料,采用碱性蛋白酶水解鲍鱼内脏制备血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）抑制肽。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法和Box-Behnken试验优化酶解鲍鱼内脏的工艺条件。以ACE抑制率为考察指标,探讨了酶解温度、加酶量和酶解时间对ACE抑制率的影响。试验结果表明,最优工艺条件为酶解温度52 ℃,pH 9.0,料液比1∶3（g∶mL）,加酶量4.5%,酶解时间5.5 h,此条件下获得的鲍鱼内脏酶解产物的ACE抑制率为79.72%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press