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新型酰乙基葡甲胺树脂的合成及吸硼性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用一步法, 用氯乙酰化聚苯乙烯树脂(PS-Acyl-Cl)与葡甲胺反应制得一种同时含有α-酰乙基胺和邻羟基双官能团的新型酰乙基葡甲胺树脂, 考察了溶液pH值、 温度、 初始浓度和吸附时间对酰乙基葡甲胺树脂吸附硼的影响. 结果表明, 在实验浓度范围内, 该树脂对硼的吸附符合Langmuir方程, 最大吸附量约为28.1 mg/g干树脂, 优于氯甲基树脂制得的硼特效树脂. 表明α-酰乙基胺和邻羟基双官能团对硼有双重或协同吸附作用. 该树脂在pH=6.0时对硼的吸附量最大; 温度对树脂吸附的影响不大; 树脂解吸率大于96%; 树脂重复使用5次后吸附量基本不变. 动力学研究结果表明, 吸附过程为液膜扩散控制过程. 相似文献
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硼酸作为一种重要的化学品,广泛应用于工业生产及高尖端技术领域。由于在其生产和应用过程中产生大量含硼废水,从水溶液中回收或脱除硼对资源的重复利用、降低环境污染等都有重要意义。吸附法提硼具有深度脱硼、杂质去除彻底、吸附剂可循环利用和工艺简单等优势,是一种高效脱硼方法,其核心问题在于设计与制备硼吸附容量大、机械强度高且易再生的吸附材料。本文综述了近年来国内外硼吸附材料的类型及其吸附性能,按照吸附功能团的结构将硼吸附材料进行划分,着重介绍了目前应用最广的葡甲胺类吸附剂和最具发展前景的含双酚羟基功能团的吸附剂的研究与应用情况,同时介绍了新型有机-无机杂化硼吸附材料,并指出了今后硼吸附材料的发展趋势,为盐湖卤水提硼、淡化海水脱硼和废水除硼等应用开发中硼吸附材料的选择提供重要参考。 相似文献
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三步离子交换方法用于粘土沉积物酸溶相中硼同位素测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在采用酸溶法进行粘土沉积物中硼同位素组成测定时,大量存在的Al、Fe、稀土等元素在较高pH溶液中会形成能强烈吸附硼的氢氧化物沉淀,对硼的提取和硼同位素的测定产生较大影响.有效去除这些干扰元素一直是测定粘土沉积物酸溶相中硼同位素组成的瓶颈.本实验采用三步离子交换法萃取和纯化粘土沉积物中的硼,以AG 50W×8阳离子树脂柱去除所有能生成水不溶性氢氧化物的Al、Fe、稀土等元素,再采用Amberlite IRA 743硼特效树脂柱提取硼,最后采用Ion-exchangerⅡ与AG 50W×8组成的阴阳离子混合树脂柱进一步纯化硼提取液.结果表明,采用以上三步离子交换法提取粘土沉积物中硼的回收率高于90%,未观察到明显的硼同位素分馏,可满足粘土沉积物酸溶相中硼同位素组成高精度测定的需要. 相似文献
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大孔离子交换树脂及新型吸附树脂的结构与性能 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
该项研究发现了大孔交联聚苯乙烯型离子交换树脂的合成方法,研究了惰性溶剂的性质与树脂的孔结构、树脂的孔结构与树脂的性能、树脂的特性与用途等方面的关系。在此基础上,研制出高强度、抗辐射、动力学性能优越的大孔型离子交换树脂,使其不仅能更好地应用于无机离子的交换,还开拓了在有机合成、制药等领域的催化、脱色、提纯等多方面的广泛应用。在多孔性离子交换树脂的基础上,还研制出系列吸附树脂。此类提取、分离材料,可以有不同的结构和不同的吸附性能,在天然产物的提取分离、抗菌素的提取、纯化、医疗、环境保护等领域有实际用途。上述两类功能高分子材料在多家企业实现了产业化,为化工、制药、环保、医疗、分析等诸多行业提供了必要的材料,在国民经济的发展中发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
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甲胺/二甲胺共取代合成氮化硼先驱体聚硼氮烷 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将三氯环硼氮烷(TCB)与甲胺/二甲胺进行共胺解取代反应, 首先制得了不同胺基的取代单体, 经过进一步热聚合反应合成了聚硼氮烷先驱体. 通过对不同单体的聚合产物组成与结构分析, 探讨了不同取代基对热聚合反应及产物结构的影响. 研究表明, 当控制甲胺/二甲胺摩尔比为1∶2, 聚合温度180 ℃, 获得的聚硼氮烷数均分子量为7603, 分子量分散系数为1.80, 熔点为83 ℃, 组成为BC0.76N1.39H2.5, 该聚合物具有近似线性分子结构, 表现出优良的可纺性, 可制得平均直径10~15 μm的先驱体纤维, 为制备氮化硼纤维奠定了基础. 相似文献
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十二顶点碳硼烷是一类含有碳、氢及硼原子的簇合物,具有特殊的热稳定性和化学稳定性,在医药、材料、能源、配位化学及金属有机化学中都得到广泛的应用.近年来,过渡金属催化的碳硼烷直接硼-氢键活化发展迅速,为硼顶点选择性官能团化提供了一系列新的高效路径.总结了利用过渡金属催化硼-氢键活化策略来实现邻碳硼烷硼-硼、硼-氮、硼-氧、硼-硫及硼-卤键构建的研究进展,同时对部分反应机理进行了讨论,并就该研究领域所面临的挑战和发展前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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以氢硼化离子交换树脂为还原剂,甲醇作溶剂,加入催化量的醋酸镍,原位制备硼化镍催化剂的方法,还原芳香酮肟得到的产物为相应的α-取代苄胺,还原芳香醛肟得到的主要产物为双苄基仲胺,还原产物均经1HNMR,MS和元素分析确认. 相似文献
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Incorporation of N‐Methyl‐d‐glucamine Functionalized Oligomer into MIL‐101(Cr) for Highly Efficient Removal of Boric Acid from Water 下载免费PDF全文
Jiawei Wang Dr. Zongbi Bao Prof. Huabin Xing Dr. Baogen Su Dr. Zhiguo Zhang Dr. Qiwei Yang Prof. Yiwen Yang Prof. Qilong Ren Prof. Banglin Chen 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(43):15290-15297
Polymeric resins are practically important adsorbents in a wide variety of applications, but they generally suffer from low surface areas and limited functionalized adsorption sites owing to their closely compacted and tangled polymeric chains. A metal–organic framework (MOF)–polymer composite with enhanced adsorption capacity against the compacted polymeric resins was reported. The strategy to incorporate functionalized oligomer within the cavities of the MOF was demonstrated by the preparation of MIL‐101(Cr) incorporated with N‐methyl‐d ‐glucamine‐based organosiloxane polymer. The resulting MOF composite shows high efficiency for the removal of boric acid from water because of exceptionally high loading of functional groups responsible for the boron adsorption. This material offers promising perspectives for boron removal applications in seawater desalination. 相似文献
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Starch/boron nitride (starch/BN) bionanocomposites were prepared with the reinforcement of boron nitride nano powder by solution technique. The dispersion of BN in the starch was achieved by a continuous sonication process. The interaction between starch and boron nitride nanopowder was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The structural properties of starch/BN bionanocomposites was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used for the study of dispersion of boron nitride in starch matrix and diffraction patterns were studied by selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Thermal stability of the starch was increased with rising concentrations of boron nitride due to incorporation of rigid nano BN with starch matrix. The substantial reduction in oxygen permeability was obtained by increasing the concentration of BN. The biodegradability of synthesized bionanocomposites was measured by using activated sludge water. Further, it was noticed that, starch/BN bionanocomposites are resistant towards inorganic acids and bases. The tensile strength of starch/BN bionanocomposites was increased whereas; the water resistance property of the materials was decreased with increasing BN loading. 相似文献
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利用密度泛函理论研究了NH3在完整和含有缺陷的硼纳米管上的吸附行为以及相关电子性质. 计算结果表明, 对于α硼纳米管, 在不同的直径和手性条件下, NH3均倾向于吸附在配位数为6的顶位上. 电子结构计算结果表明, NH3能够吸附在纳米管表面主要是由于N和B原子产生了较强的相互作用. 表明硼纳米管是一种潜在的NH3气气敏材料. 相似文献
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In this work, based on the density functional theory, the interaction of vitamins A, B1, C, B3 and D with (5, 5) armchair and (9, 0) zigzag single-walled boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are studied. It is found that binding of vitamins A, B1, C, B3 and D with (9, 0) and (5, 5) BNNTs is thermodynamically favorable. Calculated solvation energies show that the solubility of functionalized (9, 0) BNNTs is higher than that of functionalized (5, 5) BNNT, and both dissolutions in water are spontaneous. The results showed that BNNTs can act as a suitable drug delivery vehicle for vitamins A, B1, C, B3 and D within biological systems. This study may provide a new insight into the development of the functionalized boron nitride nanotubes as drug delivery systems for virtual applications. 相似文献
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微量硼的测定方法研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
综述了测定微量、痕量硼的各种方法,如分光光度法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法等方法的特点,并说明了其测定微量硼的应用领域.并对微量硼的测定技术进行了展望. 相似文献
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三卤化硼Lewis酸性的密度泛函理论研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用密度泛函理论的DFT-LDA/NL方法研究BX3(X=F,Cl,Br)分子的Lewis酸性.计算BX3分子的硬度时,采用一个可供选择的方法.该法是密度泛函理论的Janak定理的推广.结果表明,分子硬度是BX3Lewis酸性的最好表征.应用Pearson的软硬酸碱(HSAB)原理可以合理地解释BX3酸性的变化规律 相似文献
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Boron was chosen as fuel in view of its excellent thermodynamic values for combustion, as compared to traditional fuels. The problem of the boron in combustion is the formation of a surface layer of oxide, which delays the ignition process, reducing the performance of the rocket engine. This paper presents a high-energy fuel for rocket engines. It is composed of sintered boron (borides and carbides and vitreous compounds) with a reducing chemical agent. Borides and boron carbide were prepared since the combustion heat of the latter is similar to that of the amorphous boron (in: K.K. Kuo (Ed.), Boron-Based Solid Propellant and Solid Fuel, Vol. 427, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993). Several chemical reducing elements were used, such as aluminum, magnesium, and coke. As the raw material for boron, different compounds were used: amorphous boron, boric acid and boron oxide. 相似文献