随焊激冷防止焊接热裂纹新方法的研究

从焊接力学角度提出了随焊激冷防止焊接裂纹的新方法，阐明了随焊激冷防止焊接热裂纹的机理，并就随焊接冷参数对焊接热裂纹的作用进行了研究。通过测量近缝区两点在焊接过程中位移的实时变化过程，验证了随焊激冷防止焊接热裂纹的新方法。     

不同拘束条件下高强铝合金LY12CZ焊接热裂纹倾向的研究

采用一种简便有效的热裂纹试验方法，在自行研制的变拘束度夹具上，研究了不同拘束条件下高强铝合金ＬＹ１２ＣＺ焊接时的热裂纹倾向。同时结合跨焊缝两侧横向位移的实时测量结果，分析了拘束条件对焊接热裂纹倾向产生影响的机制。     

不同拘束条件下高温铝合金LY12CZ焊接热裂纹倾向的研究

采用一种简便有效的热裂纹试验方法，在自行研制的变拘束度夹具上，研究了不同的拘束条件下高强铝合金ＬＹ１２ＣＺ焊接时的热裂倾向。同时结合跨焊缝两侧横向位移的实时测量结果，分析了拘束条件对焊接热裂纹倾向产生影响的机制。     

动态低应力小变形无热裂随焊锤击焊接技术研究

从力学角度出发,首次提出随焊锤击的焊接技术,并结合跨焊缝两侧横向位移的测量及显微组织的研究,分析了随焊锤击防止焊接热裂纹的作用机理．试验结果表明,随焊锤击技术可显著地改善焊缝显微组织及残余应力分布,防止焊接热裂纹的产生,并能够有效地控制LY12CZ铝合金薄板焊接横向及纵向收缩变形．可以认为随焊锤击是一种更合理、更具实用价值的低应力小变形无热裂的焊接技术新方法．     

动态低应力小变形无势裂随焊锤击焊接技术研究

从力学角度出发,首次提出随焊锤击的焊接技术,并结合跨焊缝两侧横向位移的测量及显微组织的研究,分析了随焊锤击防止焊接裂纹的作用机理,试验结果表明,随焊狂击技术可显著地改善焊缝显微组织及残余应力分布,防止焊接热裂纹的产生,并能够有效地控制LY12CZ铝合金薄板焊接横向及纵向收缩变形,可以认为随焊锤击是一种更合理,更具实用价值的低应力小变形无热裂的焊接技术新方法。     

铝合金焊接加工工艺及焊接裂纹的防止措施

近年来,由于焊接技术的进步,高效率和高性能的焊接方法得到了推广,铝及铝合金在车辆、船舶、建筑、桥梁等各种结构方面的应用在不断扩大,铝及铝合金材料密度低,强度高,热电导率高,耐腐蚀能力强,具有良好的物理特性和力学性能,因而广泛应用于工业产品的焊接结构上。长期以来,由于焊接方法及焊接工艺参数的选取不当,焊接时的常出现缺陷,本文介绍了此类金属零件焊接时的工艺步骤及其焊接参数的选取。     

铸件冷裂纹、热裂纹的分析

铸件上的裂纹有冷裂、热裂、发裂（白点）、热处理裂纹。铸件裂纹产生的主要原因：是铸件应力大于金属强度极限，裂纹方向与应力方向相垂直。根据铸件结构特点和应力方向，在可能产生裂纹的部位采取相应措施，可防止铸件裂纹的产生。     

电流辅助高强钢板热成形工艺数值模拟研究

目的探究电流辅助高强钢板热成形工艺中坯料自阻加热的加热机理,揭示电一热一力三场耦合条件下金属板材的塑形变形规律,为工艺方案及工艺参数的制定提供理论依据。方法利用FEM软件对电流辅助高强钢板的热成形过程进行了数值模拟研究。结果获得了通电加热时坯料的温度场,并通过热一力耦合分析,得到了板材热成形时的应力及应变的分布规律。结论采用该加热方式可极大地提高加热速率,经过几十秒的加热即在变形坯料上获得了较均匀的温度场,满足板材热成形要求。应力、应变分析表明,加热时产生的压应力缓解了坯料变形时的应力集中,有助于板料塑性成形。     

高强钢板热冲压成形热力耦合数值模拟

为研究高强钢板的热冲压成形性,采用ABAQUS软件对高温下22MnB5高强钢板沟槽形件冲压成形进行了数值模拟研究.建立了基于热力耦合的弹塑性有限元模型和热成形下的材料模型,通过对沟槽形件热成形进行数值模拟,考察了压边力、模具间隙和凹模圆角半径等工艺参数对热成形时温度分布和回弹的影响,给出了热成形中产生回弹的机理,确定了合适的工艺参数,通过热成形试验验证了数值结果的可靠性.     

高强钢激光电弧复合焊接温度场的数值模拟与试验研究

目的 对厚度为12 mm的HG785D高强钢进行复合焊接,获取最佳焊接工艺参数,建立适用于激光-MIG(Metal Inert Gas Welding)复合焊接的热源模型.方法 采用激光-MIG复合焊接方法进行焊接试验,建立适用于HG785D高强钢激光-MIG复合焊接的"高斯锥形体+均匀锥形体+高斯柱形体"复合热源模型...     

超高强度硼钢板热弯曲数值模拟

为研究热自由弯曲和热接触弯曲方法的淬火效果和成形精度,应用ABAQUS软件,对超高强度硼钢板U形件的热弯曲过程进行了数值模拟研究.研究表明:热接触弯曲改善了热弯曲零件底部的淬火效果,且热接触弯曲可获得比热自由弯曲更好的成形精度;不同压边力下热接触弯曲回弹均随着压边力的增加而逐渐减小;数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,验证了有限元模型的可靠性.     

Numerical simulation on bucking distortion of aluminum alloy thin-plate weldment

In this paper, the welding residual distortion of aluminum alloy thin plates is predicted using the elasticity-plasticity finite element method (FEM). The factors contributing to the welding buckling distortion of thin plates are studied by investigating the formation and evolution process of welding stresses. Results of experiments and numerical simulations show that the buckling appearance of thin-plate aluminum alloy weldments is asymmetrical in the welding length direction, and the maximum longitudinal deflection appears at the position a certain distance from the middle point of the side edge towards the arc-starting end. The angular deformation direction of thin-plate weldments is not fixed, and such case as the angular deformation value of the arc-starting end being higher than that of the arc-blowout end exists.     

高速弹丸撞击1420铝合金过程数值模拟

利用有限差分方法模拟了GCr15钢弹丸高速撞击1420铝合金半无限厚靶过程,结果表明,弹丸前方材料向前方运动,而后方材料则经历减速过程甚至出现反应运动,导致自由表面的突起,弹丸前端最大压应力达到10^10Pa数量级,应力和应变在弹孔周围的分布极不均匀,越靠近弹孔处越大,随着弹丸的深入,弹丸周围的塑变加大。     

先进航空材料焊接过程热裂纹研究进展

高焊接热裂纹敏感性是制约新一代合金材料在航空航天领域推广应用的技术瓶颈。本文分别从焊接热裂纹的产生机理和各类合金裂纹敏感性实验的角度梳理该方向的研究进展。焊接热裂纹主要包括凝固裂纹（在焊缝内部产生）和液化裂纹（在焊缝与部分熔化区交界处产生）。影响焊接热裂纹产生的因素包括材料成分、焊接热循环以及接头热应力。在梳理焊接热裂纹机理研究的基础上,分别总结了铝合金、镁合金、先进高强钢以及镍基合金焊接热裂纹的实验研究进展。建立考虑复杂多组元以及结晶形态对裂纹敏感性影响的量化判据,是该领域未来的重要发展方向。针对母材和焊材进行成分优化、添加形核剂或实施辅助工艺措施,是工程应用领域抑制热裂纹缺陷的有效方法。开展焊接热裂纹产生机理及其抑制方法研究,有助于突破新一代合金材料加工技术瓶颈,推进其在航空航天领域的应用。     

6061-T6铝合金中厚板-节点套多层多道焊数值模拟

为研究铝合金中厚板-节点套接头在多层多道焊后的残余应力和变形分布,本文基于ABAQUS软件建立了该接头三维有限元模型,采用双椭球热源、生死单元法以及顺序耦合法,对6061-T6铝合金中厚板-节点套多层多道焊进行数值模拟,并分析了接头的温度场,以及在夹具约束下的焊接残余应力及变形的分布情况。研究结果表明:数值模拟与实际接头的熔池形状吻合度较高;摆动焊接过程中温度曲线呈多峰结构;焊件的升温速率明显大于冷却速率,且冷却速率随时间逐渐减小;焊接残余应力主要集中在焊缝及夹具区域,且小于6061-T6铝合金在室温下的屈服强度;接头的最大横向残余应力为129.9 MPa,中厚板上的横向残余应力大于节点套上的横向残余应力;接头的最大纵向残余应力为132.9 MPa,沿焊接方向,焊缝处的纵向残余应力呈山峰状分布;该接头在Y轴方向上的变形最大,为1.494 mm,该接头的最终变形结果为上凸变形。     

Analysis of process parameters effects on friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminum alloy to advanced high strength steel

Thin sheets of aluminum alloy 6061-T6 and one type of Advanced high strength steel, transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steel have been successfully butt joined using friction stir welding (FSW) technique. The maximum ultimate tensile strength can reach 85% of the base aluminum alloy. Intermetallic compound (IMC) layer of FeAl or Fe₃Al with thickness of less than 1 μm was formed at the Al–Fe interface in the advancing side, which can actually contribute to the joint strength. Tensile tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicate that the weld nugget can be considered as aluminum matrix composite, which is enhanced by dispersed sheared-off steel fragments encompassed by a thin intermetallic layer or simply intermetallic particles. Effects of process parameters on the joint microstructure evolution were analyzed based on mechanical welding force and temperature that have been measured during the welding process.     

深冷处理消除铝合金板材残余应力的建模与仿真

介绍了用(热)弹塑有限元技术对铝合金板材深冷处理过程进行建模与仿真的基本原理.基于实验研究探讨了深冷处理数值模拟所需的7075铝合金材料的物性参数.运用ABAQUS6.5有限元软件,对7075铝合金板材深冷处理过程瞬态温度场与应力场进行了数值模拟.数值模拟得到的残余应力值与已发表文献的实验结果比较一致.最后分析了不同厚度铝合金板材的深冷处理应力消除效果.     

Numerical simulation and experimental investigation on friction stir welding of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy

A modified three-dimensional model was established to simulate the friction stir welding of the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. A detailed calculating method of the heat generation was proposed by taking account of the contact conditions between the tool and the work-piece. The results show that the heat mainly generated within the region close to the shoulder, the high temperature exists within the upper portion of the weld and decreases along the thickness direction. The strong material flow mainly occurs within the region around the tool and the material ahead of the tool sweeps toward the RS and finally deposits behind the tool. During this procedure the material is extruded to experience different shear orientations, and a defect-prone region exists in the region where material flow is weak. The temperature field and material flow behaviors predicted by the simulation method are in good agreement with the results obtained by the experiments.     

800 MPa级超高强度铝合金的时效析出行为

采用硬度、电导率、室温拉伸测试方法,研究110~140℃范围内时效不同时间后新型铝合金性能的变化。利用透射显微镜(TEM)观察合金的组织形貌特征。结果表明:该新型铝合金最佳的时效工艺为110℃保温24 h,此条件下合金的抗拉强度,屈服强度和伸长率分别为808,785 MPa与6.9%。时效温度是影响合金析出相种类、密度和尺寸的主要因素。在110℃时效时,合金主要的析出相是GPⅠ区、GPⅡ区和亚稳η′相。110℃时长时间(直至96 h)时效后,GPⅠ区和GPⅡ区仍能稳定存在。与110℃时效相比,在140℃时效时,析出过程加速。当140℃时效4 h后,未观察到GP区的存在,主要的析出相为η′相;140℃时效24 h后,主要的析出相为η′相和η相。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of alumina-6061 aluminum alloy joined by friction welding

The study of the interface of ceramic/metal alloy friction welded components is essential for understanding of the quality of bonding between two dissimilar materials. In the present study, optical and electron microscopy as well as four-point bending strength and microhardness measurements were used to evaluate the quality of bonding of alumina and 6061 aluminum alloy joints produced by friction welding. The joints were also examined with EDX (energy dispersive X-ray) in order to determine the phases formed during welding. The bonded alumina-6061 aluminum samples were produced by varying the rotational speed but keeping constant the friction pressure and friction time. The experimental results showed that the effect of rotation speed and degree of deformation appears to be high on the 6061 Al alloy than on the alumina part. It is discovered that the weld interface formed included three different regions: unaffected zone (UZ), deformed zone (DZ), as well as transformed and recrystallized fully deformed zone (FPDZ). Therefore, when rotational speed increases, the thickness of full plastic deformed zone (FPDZ) at the interface increases as a result of more mass discarded from the welding interface. It was also observed that rotational speed of 2500 rpm can produce a very good joint and microhardness with good microstructure as compared to the other experimental rotational speeds.