基于矩形脉冲涡流传感器的表面缺陷定量评估及成像检测技术研究

本文介绍利用矩形脉冲涡流传感器的自差分特性来提高缺陷检测能力,并最终实现对表面缺陷的成像检测.采用ANSYS软件建立了矩形脉冲涡流传感器的仿真模型,对铝板表面涡流分布进行了仿真分析,结果表明:矩形传感器能够在铝板表面激励出均匀的感应涡流,当有缺陷存在时,提取Z向和Y向感应信号的幅值扫描曲线可以实现对表面缺陷长度和深度的定量.并对仿真结果进行了实验验证,得到了表面缺陷的成像结果.研究结果表明,该矩形脉冲涡流传感器可以很好的实现对表面缺陷的定量评估及成像检测.     

铁磁性管道脉冲远场涡流无损检测技术

针对传统正弦激励下的远场涡流技术存在的探头长度较长,无法识别内外壁缺陷的问题,采用脉冲方波作为激励信号,在分析脉冲远场涡流T作原理的基础上,采用ANSYS仿真软件建立了脉冲远场涡流的仿真模型,仿真分析了传感器参数和激励脉冲参数对检测信号的影响以及内外壁缺陷的定量检测能力.最后采用实验的方法对仿真结果进行了验证,实验与仿...     

基于运算放大器的小型电涡流传感器设计

为了使电涡流传感器提高灵敏度,减少功耗,适应狭小空间的特殊工作环境,提出了一种基于运算放大器的小型电涡流传感器电路,利用仿真软件对振荡电路的参数进行优化,设计了电涡流传感器.同时,选用高分辨力的测量单元瑞士TESA电感测微仪TT80对电涡流传感器进行静态标定,制作了电涡流传感器静态标定系统.仿真研究和实验结果表明,基于...     

涡流阵列检测技术的发展及应用

介绍了涡流阵列榆测技术的检测原理,针对涡流阵列几项关键技术的国内外发展现状进行了深入研究,如涡流阵列探头设计、激励检测模式、多路复用技术与处理技术、缺陷特征提取、分类识别和成像技术、阵列检测技术与其他检测方法的集成等,并详细阐述了阵列检测技术的发展及重要应用.     

阵列式脉冲远场涡流管道缺陷检测方法

针对采用单个枪测线圈在管道缺陷检测中存在的检测分辨力较低的问题,研究了管道缺陷定量检测中的阵列式脉冲远场涡流检测技术.利用有限元仿真的方法对阵列传感器结构进行了优化设计,并且分析了不同深度缺陷对感应电压信号的影响规律.最后通过实验对仿真结果进行了验证,实验结果表明本文设计的阵列传感器具有较高的检测精度和灵敏度,可以实现对管道缺陷的定量检测.     

非磁性金属平板脉冲远场涡流传感器优化设计与缺陷定量检测

将脉冲远场涡流检测技术应用于对非磁性金属平板的无损检测中,设计了一种新型脉冲远场涡流检测传感器,并通过仿真分析对传感器参数进行了优化.在此基础上,通过提取检测信号最后一个过零时间作为特征量,实现了对非磁性平板上、下表面缺陷的定量检测.仿真结果表明,优化后传感器尺寸更小,并且可以较好的实现对非磁性金属平板中缺陷的定量检测.     

电涡流传感器电路设计

在无损测量当中,电涡流传感器测量因为能够实现工件在线非接触测量,测量精度高、无污染、制作价格低廉等优点,一直被作为一种重要的检测设备,在涡流技术高速发展的今天,电涡流的优势越来越明显应用也越来越广泛。电涡流传感器是电涡流测量淬火层厚度的核心部分,传感器的测量精度直接影响整个测厚设备的精度,传统的电涡流传感器包括测量探头、整流滤波电路的设计、放大器的设计等,电涡流传感器的精确测量也离不开位移测厚标定器,这里主要研究电涡流测厚核心电路的设计。     

涡流检波器的稳健精密测量

涡流检波器因具有较好的高频特性等优点．在高分辨率地震勘探中获得推广应用,同时对涡流榆波器的精确测量也愈加迫切．文章概述了涡流检波器的工作原理,介绍了有关参数和测量方法．将当前的测量方法分为两类,一类是基于4参数模型辨识的稳健测量．一类是基于7参数模型辨识的精密测量．通过理论分析和实验研究,建立了检波器4参数和7参数的转换关系．综合了二者的优点,提出了一种涡流检波器的稳健精密测量方案．仿真结果显示本文方法可获得更好的测量结果．     

基于柔性正交矩形涡流线圈的铝合金应力测试

铝合金作为制造业的基础材料,在制造和服役过程中会产生残余应力,会降低铝合金的结构强度及疲劳极限,因此有效测量铝合金残余应力十分重要。通过设计涡流应力测量系统检测铝合金的残余应力,首先在理论基础上推导出涡流与应力的关系,通过有限元仿真推导得到涡流传感器感应信号与应力的函数关系,在此基础上设计柔性涡流应力传感器,搭建涡流应力检测系统,通过测定7075铝合金压应力标定试块,与有限元仿真结果对比,验证压应力与涡流信号存在线性关系,并拟合函数反演应力,最终实现涡流应力传感器对应力大小的检测。     

铁磁性平板中不同走向裂纹脉冲远场涡流检测的仿真研究

远场涡流技术克服了传统涡流检测受集肤效应限制的不足，在铁磁性管道的检测中得到了广泛的应用。本文采用脉冲方波来激励探头，形成了铁磁性平板脉冲远场涡流检测新技术。首先分析了脉冲远场涡流的检测原理，然后采用ANSYS仿真软件建立了其仿真模型，仿真分析不同走向缺陷对空间磁场的扰动规律，对比分析了脉冲远场涡流技术对不同走向裂纹的检测灵敏度。研究结果对于深入明晰脉冲远场涡流的检测机理及传感器设计具有重要的理论价值。     

Nondestructive Eddy Current Testing

When a coil is placed in proximity to a conductor, the magnetic field in the vicinity of the coil is altered by eddy currents in the conductor. The conductivity of a sample material may be determined by measuring the field. Closed-form solutions are presented for the magnetic field at the surface of a semi-infinite conductor for two cases: a semi-infinite coil, the end of which is in contact with the conductor, and a loop of wire on the surface of the conductor.     

电涡流传感器阵列测试技术

针对采用扁平柔性电涡流传感器阵列实现大面积金属曲面部件位置实时监测,对电涡流传感器的阵列测试技术进行了研究.采用一种基于时分多路的电涡流阵列测试的方法,通过对传感器探头和测试电路的合理设计,使系统电路得到简化,减小阵列单元之间的串扰,提高传感器系统的测试性能,实现了电涡流传感器阵列的快速、高精度测量.     

Time-Frequency Analysis of Pulsed Eddy Current Signals

Detection and measurement of the material loss due to corrosion in aircraft fuselage lap splices are of great importance to life management of ageing aircraft. Pulsed eddy current (PEC) techniques have shown the potential to fully characterise these structures. However, variations in the probe lift-off, the interlayer gaps and material thinning produce similar PEC signals, making signal interpretation very difficult. This paper describes time-frequency analysis algorithms applied to pulsed-eddy current signals from lap-joint specimens containing simulated flaws. The effect of probe lift-off, interlayer gap, and material thinning on PEC signals is examined in three-dimensional space (amplitude-time-frequency). This study shows that the time-frequency analysis of PEC signals provides specific visual patterns that can be related to the interlayer gap, lift-off, and material loss.     

Comparison of Error Estimators in Eddy Current Testing

In this paper we present the comparison of error estimators using in 3-D magnetoharmonic FE model dedicated to eddy-current testing. The first error estimator is based on the nonverification of the behaviour law. This estimator is very accurate but requires the solution of both complementary formulations. The second estimator is based on an energetic approach using the Poynting vector in conductive regions and using the variation of the magnetic energy in nonconductive regions. Both estimators are tested within an adaptive meshing procedure and the results are compared with experimental results.      

Review of Advances in Quantitative Eddy Current Nondestructive Evaluation

A comprehensive review of advancements in eddy current (EC) modeling is presented. This paper contains three main sections: a general treatise of EC theory, the thin skin EC forward modeling, and the EC inverse problem. (1) The general treatise of eddy current theory begins with an exposition of the reciprocity formulas for evaluating probe impedance changes, which are derivable from first principles. Two versions of the reciprocity formulas, one with a surface integral and the other with a volume integral, are given. Any particular type of defect, as well as both one-port and two-port probes, can be treated. Second, a brief account of analytical and numerical methods for calculating the field distributions is presented. Third, theory of probe/material interactions with various defect types is described. (2) The paper then proceeds to the forward modeling section, which contains a detailed treatment of the eddy current forward problem for surface breaking cracks and EDM notches in the thin skin approximation. (3) The inverse problem section begins with a general review of commonly used inversion methods, exemplified by selected references from the literature, followed by more detailed examinations of EC inversions for surface breaking cracks and slots. The last part of this section is devoted to the inverse problem for layered structures. Although being a review in nature, the paper contains a number of new accounts for time-domain eddy current interactions. In particular, a modification is proposed to the reciprocity formula in order to take a better account of pulsed eddy current signals.     

一种新型电涡流阻尼器及阻尼性能研究

基于电涡流原理提出一种新型的可用于航天器振动被动抑制的电涡流阻尼器。首先,依托数值仿真建立阻尼器的磁场和力学有限元分析模型,对阻尼器的性能进行分析计算。其次,在振动测试实验台上进行阻尼特性测试,获得了小位移0.1 mm、大位移1 mm下的1 Hz～50 Hz频率范围内正弦激励作用工况下的阻尼系数。然后根据Bouc-Wen滞回模型建立了阻尼器的力学模型,研究了负载、阻尼器结构、交变洛仑兹力之间的关系。研究结果表明这种新型的电涡流阻尼器在外载激励作用下能够输出与仿真结果较为接近的阻尼力,且阻尼系数随激励频率变化具有明显的规律性,根据仿真和实验结果建立的阻尼力力学模型可以很好地用于电涡流阻尼器的力学特性仿真分析。     

电涡流传感器在发电厂中的应用

本文结合电涡流传感器在发电厂中的应用,详细论述了电涡流传感器的工作原理及安装、校验、维护中须注意的问题。     

Low Frequency Eddy Current Testing of Insulators and Composites

Eddy current testing (ECT), a non-destructive testing method widely used to evaluate defects within conductive materials, is explored in this study as it applies to insulators and non-uniformly conductive materials. Previous work has shown that at high frequencies, differences in electric permittivity can be detected with ECT. In this study, a new design of an ECT sensor that employs two resonance-tuned coils is evaluated. Results show that material inconsistencies in insulators are detectable due to spatial variations in permittivity and magnetic permeability, and that detection is possible at lower frequencies than previously demonstrated. In addition to determining signal dependence on individual electromagnetic parameters, sensitivity for defect detection in a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite is qualitatively determined. Although low signal-to-noise ratio is observed with a small-diameter coil, by increasing the coil diameter, the signal to noise ratio is increased while preserving adequate spatial resolution to detect defects in the sample. This study expands on previous studies of the application of ECT to insulators, and demonstrates that defect detection is possible in CFRPs.