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针对轮式移动机器人的轨迹跟踪控制问题,在分析了机器人运动学模型的基础上,构建多机器人的领航-追随模型;采用跟踪微分器在输入输出两端安排过渡过程,设计了一种基于多变量解耦的非线性PID轨迹跟踪控制器;搭建以Arduino Mega 1280控制板为核心的移动机器人实验平台,采用速度PID控制器以满足机器人驱动电机的实时调速要求,基于ROS提出一种结构化和模块化的多机器人控制系统;在此基础上进行实验,并将实验结果与传统PID方法控制的实验结果进行对比;实验结果验证了文章所提算法的有效性,控制器易于实现且具有一定的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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Yunjun Zheng Jinchuan Zheng Ke Shao Han Zhao Hao Xie Hai Wang 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》2024,11(4):1007-1021
The trajectory tracking control performance of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots(NWMRs) is subject to nonholonomic constraints, system uncertainties, and external disturbances. This paper proposes a barrier function-based adaptive sliding mode control(BFASMC) method to provide high-precision, fast-response performance and robustness for NWMRs.Compared with the conventional adaptive sliding mode control,the proposed control strategy can guarantee that the sliding mode variables converge to a pre... 相似文献
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文章在控制输入饱和约束条件下,以非完整移动机器人的运动学模型为对象,研究了移动机器人的轨迹跟踪问题.首先在参考轨迹处对运动学模型进行线性化得到移动机器人线性时变系统,证明了其能观性和能控性,在此基础上设计了饱和约束条件的分段线性二次型控制器(Piecewise Linear QuadraticRegulator,PLQR),并基于Lyapunov方法证明了其稳定性.在MATLAB软件平台下的仿真和实验结果表明,基于PLQR的轮式移动机器人对不同初始位姿及不同的参考轨迹都有较好的跟踪效果,且能够避免控制律跳变现象,满足饱和约束条件. 相似文献
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轮式移动机器人预见预测运动控制 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对移动机器人的运动控制问题,该文采用预见预测控制方法加以解决。利用三阶Bezier曲线作为路径生成器生成目标轨迹,并据此设计了最优预见控制器作为系统的前馈补偿;使用扩展卡尔曼滤波器作为预测模型,基于广义预测控制(GPC)实现了PPC运动控制器的设计。仿真实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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该文对轮式移动机器人提出了一种基于变增益的模糊PID轨迹跟踪控制方法。首先将常规PID分为PI和PD的组合,再把PID的输出转化为误差和误差变化率之和,然后设计增益随误差变化的自适应调节律,使得移动机器人跟踪期望的运动轨迹。最后通过实验验证了所提方法的有效性。 相似文献
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移动机器人计算机控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据移动机器人跟踪控制和运动规划的目的,设计了一套计算机控制系统,其中包括计算机控制部分、直流伺服电机驱动部分、视觉系统部分和电机转向分辨电路部分,以及控制程序设计流程。该系统的硬件和软件能够有效快速驱动移动机器人跟踪预定的路径以及完成运动规划。 相似文献
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针对轮式移动机器人采集GNSS(全球卫星导航系统)路径过程中容易出现无效路段的问题,提出了基于自适应分段重组的无效路径剔除方法和多目标优化的路径平滑方法。该方法首先按照航向将采集的GNSS路径划分为DRD(drive-reverse-drive)形式的路段组合,通过设定剔除规则来剔除其中的无效路段,并对剔除无效路段后的离散路段按照邻域路段长度进行第2次分段,以实现有效路段快速重组。其次以重组后的路径点集为决策变量,建立多目标优化函数、端点渐近约束和矩形区域约束,转化为二次规划型进行最优化求解,在保证路径平滑的同时减小与原有路径的位置差。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效处理不同道路形态下采集的无效GNSS路径,优化结果与重组路径平均位置偏差小于0.2 m,平均处理时间为8.8 ms,处理后的路径可用于无人车轨迹跟随。 相似文献
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In this paper, two knowledge based controllers are proposed to overcome the difficulties of a computed torque nonlinear controller (NC) in perfect trajectory tracking of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots (WMRs). First, the effects of different dynamic models developed in angular and Cartesian coordinate systems are fully examined on the persistent excitation condition and consequently on the trajectory tracking performance of WMRs. Using the dynamic model coordinated in the Cartesian frame as the base of the NC results in perfect compensation of large position off‐tracks and unbiased estimation of the plant's unknown parameters. However, using the WMR's dynamic model with rotation angles of driving wheels as the base of nonlinear and fuzzy controllers leads to accurate orientation tracking. Through replacing the proportional and differential terms of the NC by fuzzy functions, a fuzzy nonlinear controller (FNC) is generated. Due to the complicated dynamics of the WMR in which the center of mass does not coincide with the center of rotation, the expert knowledge of fuzzy controllers is extracted considering the rotation angles and rates of driving wheels as input variables. Fuzzy tuning of the NC results in a superior tracking performance against measurement noises, though the control torques are decreased and smoothed significantly. Second, a complete fuzzy controller (FC) is generated to make perfect tracking of the WMR's position and orientation. The local stability analysis of fuzzy controllers is examined considering the corresponding analytical structures as nonlinear controllers. The superior performances of the proposed fuzzy controllers compared to those of the NCs are evaluated through simulations. 相似文献
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The minimum-energy trajectory generation problem of cornering with a fixed heading is solved for three-wheeled omni-directional mobile robots (TOMRs). To maximize the total operation time of a mobile robot with carried batteries having finite energy, we have chosen a practical cost function to be the total energy drawn from the batteries. Then, we formulate the minimum-energy trajectory generation problem of executing a cornering motion with a fixed heading for TOMRs with given dynamics including actuator motors. The optimal control theory using a Hamiltonian function and a numerical method are used to obtain the minimum-energy trajectory, which gives the velocity profile in analytic form. Performance analyses are conducted with various simulations and the consumed energy using obtained minimum-energy trajectory is compared with a typical conventional trajectory with a trapezoidal velocity profile, which reveals that an energy savings of up to 18.7 % is achieved. To validate the actual performance of our trajectory, we implemented and tested an accurate trajectory following system which utilizes a resolved acceleration controller. 相似文献
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In order to avoid wheel slippage or mechanical damage during the mobile robot navigation, it is necessary tosmoothly change driving velocity or direction of the mobile robot. This means that dynamic constraints of the mobile robotshould be considered in the design of path tracking algorithm. In the study, a path tracking problem is formulated asfollowing a virtual target vehicle which is assumed to move exactly along the path with specified velocity. The drivingvelocity control law is designed basing on bang-bang control considering the acceleration bounds of driving wheels. Thesteering control law is designed by combining the bang-bang control with an intermediate path called the landing curve whichguides the robot to smoothly land on the virtual target's tangential line. The curvature and convergence analyses providesufficient stability conditions for the proposed path tracking controller. A series of path tracking simulations and experimentsconducted for a two-wheel driven mobile robot show the validity of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献
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移动小车的轨迹跟踪控制 总被引:20,自引:3,他引:17
对由运动学模型描述的二自由度移动小车的跟踪问题进行研究。利用终端滑动模态技术设计控制律,使得移动小车能在有限时间内完全跟踪转动速度不为零的期望轨迹。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献