氢化物发生-原子吸收法测定饮用水中的砷、硒

建立了测定饮用水中砷、硒的氢化物发生－原子吸收法，探讨了盐酸、硼氢化钠溶液的浓度以及样品还原处理对测定结果的影响，测定结果的相对标准偏差（n=7)小于3％，回收率为89．1％－110．7％，测定砷的线性范围为0－40ug/L(r=0.9990)，测定硒的线性范围为0－50ug/L(r=0.9990)，砷、硒的检出限分别为1．06，0．78ug/L。     

固相萃取富集—火焰原子吸收法测定饮用水中痕量金属

研究了柱流速和有机物对固相萃取富集水中痕量金属的影响,并比较了两种样品处理方式,发现MAD~(21)SPE的准确度和精确度均超过了传统的螯合-溶剂萃取。     

生活饮用水经餐具煮沸后金属元素含量分析

采用火焰原子吸收法测定了生活饮用水经不同餐具煮沸后金属元素Ｋ，Ｎａ，Ｃａ，Ｍｇ含量的变化，结果显示，自来水在煮沸２０ｍｉｎ后，４种金属元素含量均明显升高，而以经铝制高压锅和搪瓷锅煮后的中元素含量升高明显，而以经铁锅煮后水中元素含量升高最低，但各元素含量均在正常范围之内，长期饮用不会对健康产生明显影响。     

铝形态分析的研究进展

介绍了铝形态分析的意义,环境和生物体系中铝存在的形式,综述了铝形态分析时采用的连续静态浸提法、铝-试铁灵逐时络合比色光度法、酸碱电位滴定、电化学分析、色谱分析、核磁共振及计算机拟合等分析方法(1984—2009年间),引用文献65篇。     

灌木饲料中铝的形态分析研究

用连续平衡静态浸提法研究西双版纳的民间灌木饲料的铝形态分布情况，对其浸提条件进行了初步研究，用铬天青S分光光度法(CAS法)测定了这批灌木饲料的总铝及各形态铝浓度。结果显示：总铝含量差异大(64-2530μg／g)，有机铝比例最大，其中稳定有机态铝占总铝的63％-86％，无机态铝占总铝的3％-17％，且主要以A1(OH)2形态存在，活性铝的溶出受pH影响最大。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定饮用水中铜和锶的研究

实验的主要目的是对火焰原子吸收光谱法测定饮用水中铜和锶的方法进行研究。其中对火焰原子吸收光谱法测定锶的两种方法均进行了研究。在选定的最佳仪器条件下,测定铜、锶(方法 1)和锶(方法 2)RSD分别为0.65%、2.67%、1.01%。饮用水中铜、锶(方法 1)和锶(方法2)的回收率分别为95.00%、95.00%、91.00%。实验表明,该法操作简单、测试快速、结果准确稳定。     

饮用水中二氧化氯的溴甲酚紫光度测定法

1　引　　言二氧化氯是很好的饮用水消毒杀菌剂。美国环保局建议ＣｌＯ2 处理饮用水的浓度不高于 1ｍｇ ｌ。测定水中ＣｌＯ2 的方法有多种 ,但快速、简便的方法不多见。本文研究了酸性溶液中 ,ＣｌＯ2 对溴甲酚紫的氧化褪色作用 ,建立了用溴甲酚紫测定水中微量ＣｌＯ2 的分光光度法 ,其线性范围 0～ 2 .8ｍｇ Ｌ,检出限 0 .0 1ｍｇ Ｌ ,相关系数ｒ=0 .995 8,用于水样分析 ,结果令人满意。2　实验部分2 1　仪器与试剂　 72 2型分光光度计 (上海分析仪器厂 ) ;ＣｌＯ2 标准溶液 6ｍｇ Ｌ ,避光于 0℃温度下保存 ;0 .1 1 5ｍｍｏｌ Ｌ溴甲酚…     

邻苯二酚紫-示波计时电位法测定天然水中不同形态铝

报道邻苯二酚紫-示波计时电位法分别在酸性和碱性条件下直接检测天然水中的无机单核铝和总单核铝浓度。并用该法测定了水样中的总铝,有机单核铝和酸溶态铝,从而实现了天然水中5种Al形态的电化学测定。测定了20多个实际水样,与Driscoll方法进行了对照,结果基本一致。     

催化动力学光度法测定药物和饮用水中痕量铁的研究

本文利用Ｆｅ＾３＋＋对Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化二苯胺碘酸的反应具有催化作用，且在一定条件下显色反应的速度与催化剂Ｆｅ＾３＋的含量成正比的原理，建立了一种痕量铁的分析方法。本文方法的线性范围为０．００８－０．０６４ｍｇ＝Ｌ，相对标准偏差小于５．０％，标准加入回收率为１０１％－１０３％，检出限为０．００６７３ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

化学浸提-分光光度法测定沙棘叶中不同形态铝

利用KCl、NH4Ac、HCl、NaOH四种浸提液将沙棘叶中的铝浸提溶出,得到沙棘叶中铝的不同化学形态,采用分光光度法定量测定,测定结果:沙棘叶中的Al3+为10.7%,Al(OH)2+和Al(OH)+2为2.1%,胶态Al(OH)03为34.3%,有机铝为53.0%.浸提液中铝的回收率为86.9%～101.0%.     

Low Molecular Mass Aluminum Complex Speciation in Biofluids

Abstract

Formation constants for the aluminum phosphate system and particle size analyses for solutions containing this material are reported. From a database of (i) the total ligand and metal concentrations in saliva, stomach juice, small intestinal fluid, milk, blood plasma and intravenous fluid, and (ii) physico-chemical constants for all feasible reactions involving low molecular mass complexes, a series of computer models was constructed and used to calculate the distribution of chemical species at equilibrium. The pie-diagrams of speciation indicate that some aluminum complexes exist as net-neutral charged species (which are potentially bioavailable) whereas others are charged and so are highly solvated and/or removed by the renal system. The chemical speciation knowledge produced in this research can be useful in researching aluminum intoxication, prevention and decontamination therapies.     

Estimation of Aluminum Speciation in Surface Waters of Low Ionic Strength by a Simple Computer Model

Abstract

A simple computer model based on chemical equilibrium calculation for evaluating the aluminum speciation in surface waters of low ionic strength (I < 1 × 10^?4 M) was presented in this paper. The speciations of aluminum obtained by this model have been compared with those obtained experimentally and the reasons for the observed differences have been discussed. This model has been applied to the estimation of aluminum speciation in practical surface waters sampling from areas of the United Kingdom, United States and People's Republic of China. Some valuable conclusions are obtained.     

Improvements of Speciation Analyses in Environmental Matrices

The release of some organometallic compounds and other chemical forms of elements in the environment has led to great international concern because of their high toxicity. The validation of the analytical techniques became of paramount importance which led the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) to decide on the organisation of a series of projects for the improvement of the quality of speciation analyses. In addition, it was found useful to discuss thoroughly the different sources of error likely occurring in speciation analyses and a workshop was organized for this purpose; the aim of this workshop was to discuss the state of the art of speciation determinations, to define use, applicability and necessity of determinations of element species, to investigate where limitations exist and discuss the work necessary to overcome these and to detect where techniques have sufficiently been developed to produce reliable and valuable results. This paper presents the organization of the workshop, its main issue and describe the state of the current BCR projects on speciation.Abbreviations AAS Atomic absorption spectrometry - CVAAS Cold vapour AAS - DPP Differential pulse polarography - ECD Electron capture detector - ETAAS Electrothermal AAS - FIA Flow injection analysis - FID Flame ionisation detector - FLUOR Spectrofluorimetry - FPD Flame photometric detector - GC Gas chromatography - HG Hydride generation - HPLC High performance liquid chromatography - HPLC-AES HPLC atomic emission spectrometry - INAA Instrumental neutron activation analysis - ICPAES Inductively coupled plasma AES - MS Mass spectrometry - QFAAS Quartz furnace AAS - RNAA Neutron activation analysis with radiochemical separation     

环境与生物体系中铝形态分析技术的新进展

铝的形态分析是研究环境和生物体系中铝的毒性、生物有效性和传输机理的关键。从IUPAC2000，72，1453和Analyst2001，126(2)对元素形态概念的最新定义，在过去20年来，形态分析都是依据操作手段来进行“组形态”(group species)分析。然而，随着近5年来分析技术的发展，对铝的形态分析逐步达到了“单形态”(individual species)分析的水平。从以下两个方面对该领域的最新进展进行了评述，即：(1)组形态分析(fractionation)：离子交换、电化学分析和流动注射；(2)单形态分析(speciation)：联用技术、核磁共振和计算机拟合。     

Preconcentration of Trace Elements in Water for Speciation Studies

Trace element speciation has recently become one of the most important problems in water analysis. Proper combination of preconcentration techniques with instrumental determination methods is essential to speciation analysis, because sensitivity and selectivity of direct determination methods are generally lacking. The present paper describes such preconcentration techniques as filtration, centrifugation, flotation and sorption, which have been developed in the author's laboratory for the speciation of heavy metals in river and pond waters by electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis and chemical analysis. The application of freeze concentration to the speciation of silica in high-purity waters is also discussed.     

氯磺酚S-示波计时电位法测定天然水中5种形态铝

铝形态;氯磺酚S-示波计时电位法测定天然水中5种形态铝     

色谱法分析环境中铝形态的进展

综述了色谱法在环境体系铝形态研究中的应用进展,比较了离子交换色谱、体积排阻色谱、反相高效液相色谱、快速蛋白质液相色谱、毛细管电泳以及流路中嵌入色谱小柱的流动注射分析法的优缺点。引用文献55篇。     

高效液相色谱法研究铝形态的可靠性

高效液相色谱法在铝形态的研究中发挥着举足轻重的作用,而铝形态的易变性和复杂性要求色谱条件无侵入性和检测手段具有形态选择性。文中列举了若干实例说明高效液相色谱法在铝形态分析中的常用方法和注意事项。     

环境中锑的形态分析研究进展

评述了环境样品中痕量锑的形态分析概况及近年来的发展趋势，主要包括分光光度法、电化学方法、原子光谱法和色谱法等。