Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-B合金钎料的制备及其可焊性

采用超声气体雾化法制备了Ni—Cr—Co—W—Mo—B中间合金钎料，利用XRD，DSC和SEM分析了钎料的微观结构、固液相线的温度及瞬态液相(TLP)连接接头的成分。研制的液态钎料对镍基高温合金基体具有良好的润湿性。连接后的试棒在1073K下的拉伸强度为1123MPa，1283K／248MPa下的持久寿命为43h.TLP连接后经固溶时效处理，接头区域的成分和组织与基体一致，性能与母材相当.     

MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERISTICS AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION OF TRANSIENT LIQUID PHASE JOINT OF NI-BASE SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOY

采用Ni-15Cr-3.5B非晶合金箔带作为中间层合金对镍基单晶高温合金进行瞬态液相(TLP)连接. 利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜对接头的微观结构进行观察和分析, 利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)方法测定了连接区域和基体之间的结晶学取向. 结果表明, 接头区域由连接区、中间金属/基体金属界面扩散区和基体金属区组成, 连接区中心形成M23B6+γ和MB+γ 共晶, 扩散区形成细小的M3B2颗粒; 均匀化处理后接头与基体的γ'相的尺寸趋于一致; TLP接头等温凝固过程中, 固/液界面向液相移动中外延生长, 连接层与所连接的基体金属的结晶学取向一致.     

镍基单晶高温合金瞬态液相连接接头的微观结构和结晶学取向

采用Ni-15Cr-3．5B非晶合金箔带作为中间层合金对镍基单晶高温合金进行瞬态液相（TLP）连接．利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜对接头的微观结构进行观察和分析,利用电子背散射衍射（EBSD）方法测定了连接区域和基体之间的结晶学取向．结果表明,接头区域由连接区、中间金属／基体金属界面扩散区和基体金属区组成,连接区中心形成M23B6＋γ和MB＋γ共晶,扩散区形成细小的A4382颗粒;均匀化处理后接头与基体的γ＇相的尺寸趋于一致;TLP接头等温凝固过程中,固／液界面向液相移动中外延生长,连接层与所连接的基体金属的结晶学取向一致．     

N-Cr-Co-W—Mo—Ta—B合金钎料的特性

采用超声气体雾化法制备了N-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金粉．利用SEM研究了合金粉的微观形貌和化学成分分布;利用DSC分析了合金粉的熔化特性;采用热轧工艺制备N-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金柔性布作为中间层合金．测定了TLP连接镍基高温合金后试样在室温下的断裂强度和1010℃／248MPa下的持久寿命．结果表明,N-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金粉呈规则的球形,化学成分均匀,其完全熔化温度为1127℃;TLP连接镍基高温合金后在室温下的断裂强度和1010℃／248MPa下的持久寿命与母材相当．     

Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金钎料的特性

采用超声气体雾化法制备了Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金粉.利用SEM研究了合金粉的微观形貌和化学成分分布;利用DSC分析了合金粉的熔化特性;采用热轧工艺制备Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金柔性布作为中间层合金.测定了TLP连接镍基高温合金后试样在室温下的断裂强度和1 010℃/248 MPa下的持久寿命.结果表明,Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金粉呈规则的球形,化学成分均匀,其完全熔化温度为1 127℃;TLP连接镍基高温合金后在室温下的断裂强度和1 010℃/248 MPa下的持久寿命与母材相当.     

急冷Ni—Pd合金钎料的研制

根据快速凝固原理，采用液态急冷单辊法制得急冷Ni－Pd合金条带。利用X－ray衍射、电子探针、DTA等分析方法对急冷Ni－Pd合金的显微结构、元素分布及合金的固液相线的熔点进行了研究。利用液态金属表面张力仪测定了BAu4和急冷Ni-Pd合金钎料的润湿性，并采用这两种不同的钎料进行钎焊。结果表明：急冷Ni-Pd合金钎料的组织和化学成分均匀，熔点合适，具有良好的润湿性，有替代BAu4的可能。     

TLP连接对一种镍基单晶高温合金拉伸性能的影响

采用Ni-Cr-B非晶中间层瞬间液相连接（Transient liquid phase bonding） 一种镍基单晶高温合金DD98，TLP连接在1230℃，8h真空条件下进行。利用扫描电镜进行微观组织观察和成分分析。在不同温度对接头与母材进行了拉伸实验。实验结果表明：接头的微观组织和化学成分与母材趋于一致；接头强度达到母材的标准，其它性能指标与母材相当，二者的应力一应变关系相同。     

不锈钢的瞬间液相扩散焊研究

采用热模拟和显微组织分析方法,对Ni-5%Si-3B非晶箔带在316L不锈钢瞬时液相扩散焊(TLP)时的扩散行为进行了研究.结果表明,Ni-5%Si-3B非晶合金箔带作为中间层材料,在实验焊接条件下中间层润湿性和铺展性良好,具有较强的扩散能力,形成了冶金结合,基本实现了316L的TLP连接.     

DD6单晶TLP焊保温时间及硼元素扩散距离的理论预测

采用急冷Ni-8Co-4Cr-0.5W-3.2B中间层合金箔,对DD6镍基单晶高温合金进行了瞬时过渡液相扩散连接,连接温度为1200℃。理论分析了TLP焊等温凝固时间、固相成分均匀化时间及降熔元素硼向母材的扩散深度,其值分别为6.4 h、9.6 h和170μm。试验结果表明,在1200℃×12 h进行TLP焊连接,可以获得无共晶相产生的组织均匀的等温凝固焊缝;通过对接头进行后续的标准化热处理,焊缝中γ′相完全立方化,界面两侧γ′相晶粒尺寸相同,分布均匀,排列齐整,镶嵌于连续均匀的母材之中,γ′相的结晶取向与母材相一致,实现了DD6单晶扩散连接界面组织的单晶化。理论预测结果与试验结果相吻合。     

第二、三代镍基单晶高温合金含Hf过渡液相连接

采用无B的含Hf镍基合金作为中间层合金,分别对含Re的第二代镍基单晶高温合金(CMSX-4,铸态)和第三代镍基单晶高温合金(SXG3,完全热处理态)进行过渡液相(TLP)连接,并分析了连接区的显微组织演变以及降熔元素分布,测试了连接区的显微硬度.结果表明,在1290℃真空保温24 h后,CMSX-4和SXG3合金的TLP连接均已完成,2种合金的TLP连接过程也均符合经典模型.以含Hf的镍基合金作为中间层合金时,在连接区内没有出现扩散影响区.CMSX-4合金的固溶处理可在TLP连接过程中同步完成,缩短了热处理工艺.SXG3合金中的C与Hf结合在液相中形成固相Hf C,降低熔体中Hf浓度,缩短了等温凝固阶段的时间.研究表明,通过含Hf的TLP连接可以研究小角度晶界的界面稳定性,其中在1150℃保温热处理后,SXG3合金小角度晶界出现不连续脱溶转变的临界区间在10°~17°之间.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.