基于RBF神经网络的磨削表面粗糙度预测模型

工件表面粗糙度是反映表面完整性指标中极为重要的一个参数,也是衡量磨削加工质量的重要因素之一,准确地预测磨削表面粗糙度对于快速合理地选择磨削加工工艺参数具有重要意义。通过开展实际磨削实验获得磨削加工数据,对获取的样本数据进行归一化处理以适应RBF神经网络的学习。同时采用循环算法比较得出隐层的最优神经元个数,最终建立了基于径向基函数神经网络的磨削表面粗糙度预测模型,并利用MATLAB进行仿真预测。仿真结果表明:该预测模型准确率很高,能为表面粗糙度预测研究提供可靠数据。     

基于动态惯性权重粒子群算法的磨削低能耗加工方法

利用三层误差反向传播(back propagation, BP)神经网络建立磨削能耗预测模型,以砂轮线速度、进给速度和磨削深度为影响因素设计125组全因子试验,并取其中的75组试验数据作为该预测模型的训练样本与测试样本。采用动态惯性权重改进粒子群算法(adaption particle swarm optimization, APSO),以BP神经网络的预测作为适应度函数,以最小能耗为目标进行迭代寻优获取最优工艺参数。结果表明:模型预测结果较为准确,采用优化后的工艺参数能够有效降低磨削能耗。      

基于深度神经网络的斜轧穿孔机调整参数预测

针对无缝钢管二辊斜轧穿孔生产工艺中轧机调整参数对钢管质量影响较大，且传统机理公式计算的设定值精度不高的问题，提出了基于深度神经网络的斜轧穿孔机调整参数预测模型。首先，综合分析了传统的调整参数的数学模型，并在此基础上确定了调整参数的主要影响因素。依据现场收集的数据集，训练了二辊斜轧穿孔时轧机参数的深度神经网络预测模型。在训练深度神经网络时，运用小批量梯度下降法和Adam算法相结合的方法进行了梯度估计修正，优化了训练速度。仿真结果表明：经深度神经网络模型预测的轧机调整参数与实测数据比较，预测模型的R-squared值控制在0.98左右，调整参数的相对误差均可控制在5%以内。相比于传统数学模型，该预测模型具有更高的预测精度，能够实现轧机调整参数高精度预测并用于指导生产。     

基于正交实验和数据驱动的喷丸表面完整性参数预测

目的 探究喷丸工艺参数对18CrNiMo7-6滚子表面完整性的影响规律,得到喷丸工艺参数与表面完整性的映射关系,提高喷丸工艺的质量与效率.方法 运用Python语言对Abaqus进行二次开发,建立喷丸仿真的随机多弹丸模型并进行了试验验证.设计正交实验研究喷射角度、喷射速度、弹丸直径、覆盖率及弹丸类型对残余应力与表面粗糙度的影响规律,并用随机森林算法得到各个工艺参数对喷丸综合效果的重要度值.以喷射角度、喷射速度、弹丸直径、覆盖率、弹丸类型、距表面深度为输入,残余应力和表面粗糙度为输出,建立基于神经网络的喷丸表面完整性参数预测模型.结果 通过正交实验分析得到弹丸直径和喷射速度对表面粗糙度有显著影响.各个喷丸工艺参数对18CrNiMo7-6滚子的喷丸综合效果的重要度依次为:喷射角度0.249,喷射速度0.224,弹丸类型0.193,覆盖率0.173,弹丸直径0.161.在各个工艺参数范围内,较优的工艺参数组合为:喷射角度90°,喷射速度80 m/s,弹丸直径0.7 mm,覆盖率300％,弹丸材料为铸钢丸.基于神经网络的喷丸表面完整性参数预测模型的平均相对误差低于7％.结论 基于神经网络的喷丸表面完整性参数预测模型可以较准确地表示喷丸工艺参数与表面完整性参数之间的映射关系,能够为喷丸工艺提供相关参考.     

基于BP神经网络的表面偏斜度和峰度预测建模

目的当前实际生产中对表面形貌的表征主要利用表面算术平均偏差Sa,而通过不同加工方式获得的表面有时尽管具有相同的Sa值,而其表面纹理结构、表面轮廓幅度值的对称程度及凸峰尖锐程度往往存在较大的差异,所以此时引入表面偏斜度Ssk和表面峰度Sku来共同表征表面形貌更为精确可信。方法利用正交试验和极差分析的方法研究各磨削参数如何影响表面偏斜度和表面峰度的变化。将BP神经网络引入到对表面偏斜度和表面峰度的预测建模中,利用其自学习的特性,有效克服了表面粗糙度建模的多输入、非线性复杂问题。结果获得了磨削参数对表面偏斜度和表面峰度的影响规律,当v_s=20 m/s,v_f=27 m/min,f=5mm/min,ap=0.005 mm时Ssk最小,当v_s=29 m/s,v_f=23 m/min,f=25 mm/min,ap=0.002 mm时S_(ku)最小;分别建立了磨削参数对S_(sk)和S_(ku)的精确神经网络预测模型。结论 v_f和f对S_(sk)影响较大,而f和vs对Sku的影响最大。为获得凹谷较多、尖锐凸峰较少的表面,必须选择合适的磨削工艺参数。建立的预测模型可以对磨削工艺优化起到有效的指导作用。     

基于GRA的PSO-BP神经网络斜轧穿孔管形预测北大核心CSCD

针对斜轧穿孔中无缝钢管管形计算复杂且精度不高的缺陷,提出了基于灰色关联度分析(GRA)的PSO-BP神经网络管形预测模型。由于轧制过程中影响管形的因素较多,通过灰色关联度分析对工艺参数进行了相关性分析,选择相关度较高的影响因素作为输入;并使用粒子群优化算法对BP神经网络进行优化,确定了最佳的神经网络结构,构建了无缝钢管的斜轧穿孔管形预测模型。最后,应用现场数据对该模型进行了训练和测试,并将其与BP神经网络和传统数学模型进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:该预测模型的精度较高、可靠性较好,为提高无缝钢管的生产质量奠定了基础。     

Si3N4陶瓷轴承套圈端面磨削实验及表面质量分析

目的 确定加工氮化硅陶瓷轴承套圈端面的最优磨削加工参数,并构建表面粗糙度的预测模型.方法 首先,使用双端面磨床对氮化硅陶瓷轴承套圈进行多组单因素实验,实验设置的2个变量分别为砂轮转速和砂轮进给速度,并对两变量分别设置4个加工参数水平,以分析砂轮进给速度和砂轮转速对加工后表面质量的影响;再利用MATLAB中的工具箱,构建表面粗糙度预测模型.结果 通过实验得到最优的加工参数(砂轮转速为1400 r/min,砂轮进给速度为200μm/min),最优的表面粗糙度达到0.0827μm,符合工程中对高精度全陶瓷轴承端面的质量要求.建立了预测模型,并对该预测模型进行了优化,优化后的预测模型较实际测量的表面粗糙度Ra绝对值最小的相对误差为–0.56％,预测值与实际测量的表面粗糙度值的最大误差为0.0113μm.结论 表面粗糙度与砂轮转速和砂轮进给速度呈负相关,从实验结果与预测模型中可以看出,随着砂轮转速和砂轮进给速度的提高,表面粗糙度呈下降趋势.磨削氮化硅陶瓷轴承套圈的端面时,适当提高砂轮转速和砂轮进给速度有助于降低表面粗糙度,提高表面质量.     

帽型件弯曲智能化控制过程的影响因素分析

在板材弯曲成形智能化控制系统中,准确确定实时识别和预测模型的输入、输出参数,是弯曲智能化控制成功与否以及回弹控制精度高低的关键。文章采用LS-DYNA软件,对影响帽型件弯曲智能化回弹控制过程的因素进行了数值分析,并对模拟结果进行了实验验证,得出了影响回弹规律的主要因素,为帽型件弯曲智能化控制神经网络参数识别,及预测模型输入、输出参数的选择提供依据。     

宽板V型自由弯曲智能化控制过程的影响因素分析

在板材成形智能化控制过程中，参数的实时识别及预测是两个最关键的部分。神经网络识别及预测模型输入输出参数的选择，对智能化控制的成功与否以及控制精度高低起着至关重要的作用。本文利用ANSYS软件，通过对宽板V型自由弯曲及卸载过程的有限元数值模拟，研究了影响成形及卸载过程的因素，为宽板V型自由弯曲智能化控制神经网络参数识别及预测模型输入、输出参数的选择提供了依据。     

基于PGWO-BP神经网络的管材自由弯曲精确成形参数预测

为了提高管材自由弯曲成形技术的加工精度，针对平面弯管加工精度的成形参数开展精确预测工作，通过建立成形参数预测模型的方法使弯曲半径和弯曲角的实验值与设计值一致。首先，建立有限元仿真模型并通过管材加工实验进行修正，采用优化后的仿真模型建立预测的样本数据库，以有限元仿真得到的弯曲半径和弯曲角作为输入，以弯曲半径和弯曲角的设计值作为输出，结合BP神经网络和灰狼优化算法搭建成形参数预测模型。结果显示，改进后的PGWO-BP神经网络预测的弯曲半径和弯曲角的最大误差不超过2%,同时利用该预测模型开发了管材精确成形的工艺参数确定软件。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.