碳纳米管纯化技术评价与研究进展

各种不同方法制备的碳纳米管样品,大部分含有无定形炭,碳纳米颗粒和催化剂等杂质.这些杂质影响了碳纳米管的性能测试和应用研究.碳纳米管广阔的应用前景使得它及其相关技术（如纯化技术）成为研究的热点之一.本文介绍了碳纳米管的各种纯化技术,详细讨论了一些重要的纯化方法,并对纯化技术的发展方向提出展望.     

Zyvex开发碳纳米管基聚合物复合技术

美国纳米技术公司Zyvex近日成立一个业务部,旨在开发其NanoSolve碳纳米管基聚合物复合技术。Zyvex的NanoSolve生产线基于其专有     

Zyvex开发碳纳米管基聚合物复合技术

美国纳米技术公司Zyvex近日成立一个业务部，旨在开发其NanoSolve碳纳米管基聚合物复合技术。     

超声波技术制备碳纳米管／氢化丁腈橡胶复合材料

将低相对分子质量的液体氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)溶于丙酮溶剂中，加入碳纳米管，用超声波技术制备了液体HNBR与碳纳米管的复合母料，然后再与HNBR混炼、硫化，获得碳纳米管／HNBR复合材料。结果表明，碳纳米管在HNBR中分散性好，对HNBR有较好的增强性，但在后期机械加工中产生了断裂。     

碳纳米管制备技术的最新进展

碳纳米管是纳米材料研究的一个新领域。本文综述了碳纳米管制造方面的最新进展，并对各种制备方法进行比较。     

煤基碳纳米管制备技术和生长机理研究进展

我国煤炭资源丰富,但现阶段以燃烧、热解和气化等为主的传统利用方式存在资源浪费、环境污染和经济效益低等问题,且我国以煤炭资源为主题的能源结构在短期内不会发生改变,因此,清洁、高效利用是新时期煤炭资源的立足点和首要任务。另一方面,碳纳米管因其独特的一维结构在力学、电学和热学等方面具有优异的特性,使其在复合材料、电子材料和能源材料等领域具有广泛的应用,但是碳纳米管制备成本偏高的问题较为突出,严重限制了其大规模的应用,现阶段急需开发新型、环境友好的碳纳米管制备技术。宏量、低成本的煤基碳纳米管制备技术可以同时较好地解决上述2个问题。笔者基于文献重点分析了反应原料、放电气氛和催化剂等因素对电弧放电法和等离子体射流法2种煤基直接制备碳纳米管技术的影响,讨论了原料种类、催化剂、反应温度、升温速率和反应气氛等因素对化学气相沉积法-煤基间接碳纳米管制备技术的影响过程。分析发现,在电弧放电法和等离子体射流法中,原料种类对碳纳米管产物的产量具有重要作用,放电气氛对碳纳米管产物的类型具有重要影响,催化剂对碳纳米管产物产量和类型均具有重要影响;在化学气相沉积法中,原料种类对碳纳米管产物形貌、长径比和有序度等性质具有重要影响,催化剂对碳纳米管产物的生长过程具有重要影响,反应温度和升温速率对碳纳米管产物的管径变化和类型具有重要影响,反应气氛可改变催化剂的催化效果。此外,总结了煤基碳纳米管直接和间接制备技术中碳纳米管的生长机理的类型及特点:其中,直接制备技术中碳纳米管生长过程符合碎片式生长机理,而间接制备技术中碳纳米管生长过程可分为气-液-固(VLS)、气-固-固(VSS)、气相成核(VPN)和阶梯式等类型。分析认为应当深入开展以下工作:探究煤、煤热解气和商业煤气等廉价原料制备碳纳米管的过程,进而建立和完善原料与碳纳米管产物之间的关系体系;开发新型、高效的煤基碳纳米管催化剂制备技术;建立新的碳纳米管生长模型,进一步丰富和完善碳纳米管生长模型体系。     

基于碳纳米管复合材料的3D打印技术研究

现代技术的发展与相关材料的运用无法分离。随着社会经济的发展,复合材料也得到快速的发展,促进了复合材料的大范围运用,也为3D打印技术的升级提供基础的资源。现阶段,不同复合技术的出现,刺激社会经济的进一步发展,这其中就包含了3D打印技术、激光固化成型技术、3D打印成型工艺技术、电子束固化成型技术。以碳纳米管复合材料为基础,加强3D打印技术研究,使得复合材料运用范围更加广阔。本文重点分析了碳纳米管复合材料、3D打印技术、3D打印技术未来发展的方向。     

碳纳米管的化学镀铜

A simple chemical method was employed to coat carbon nanotubes with a layer of copper. Due to the hydrophobic nature, large surface curvature, small diameter and large aspect ratio, it is difficult to gain continuous electroless plating layer on the surface of carbon nanotubes. In this paper, a series methods (oxidization, sensitization and activation) are used to add active sites before electroless plating, and the adjustment of the traditional composition of copper electroless plating bath and operating condition can decelerate electroless plating rate. The samples before and after coating were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results showed that the surface of carbon nanotubes was successfully coated with continuous layer of copper, which lays a good foundation for applying carbon nanotubes in composites.     

溶聚丁苯橡胶中国专利技术分析及展望

溶聚丁苯橡胶（SSBR）作为高性能轮胎胎面胶的重要原材料而备受关注。为了解我国SSBR技术发展热点及研发态势,利用合享（incopat）专利检索平台和分析工具,从专利视角对SSBR的相关技术进行分析。通过检索、筛选和研究,揭示SSBR技术的中国专利的发展趋势、申请人排名、技术领域分布以及国外重要专利申请人的专利布局,为国内SSBR企业的技术研发及知识产权战略制定提供参考。     

轮胎技术领域中国专利情况分析

分析轮胎技术领域中国专利申请和授权情况。在轮胎技术领域,El本轮胎企业的中国发明专利申请量和授权量最大,法国和美国企业其次,意大利和韩国企业随后。我国轮胎企业专利申请量与国外企业相比差距较大。我国轮胎技术,包括结构设计技术、制造技术和原材料技术均处于快速发展时期。     

碳纤维制造产业的专利分析

对碳纤维制造技术专利文献进行了检索统计,分别从年度发展趋势、专利申请国分布、申请人状况和中美日欧四局共同申请的重点专利布局等方面对碳纤维制造产业的国内外技术专利进行了分析,揭示了国内外碳纤维专利申请的现状,分析了主要专利申请人专利的国际专利分类领域和技术重点,为我国科研院所和企业提出了专利申请布局的相关建议。提出了我国应利用已公开的专利技术,研发特种碳纤维的制造技术,强化碳纤维的应用技术,促进碳纤维的产业化和工程化。     

碳纳米管涂料的研究进展

综述了碳纳米管涂料的最新研究进展,介绍了碳纳米管在复合材料、导电、电磁屏蔽、吸波、吸热、抗菌等特殊涂料中的应用。初步探讨了碳纳米管涂料特殊性能的机理,指出了纳米涂料产业化所面临的困难,并对今后的发展进行了展望。     

碳纳米管的非共价功能化研究进展

综述了碳纳米管非共价功能化的一些新的研究进展情况,介绍了碳纳米管非共价功化的种类、方法和意义,并对功能化后的碳纳米管的性能表征方法及应用前景进行了介绍。针对碳纳米管非共价功能化后虽可同时保持原有的物化性质和引入的物化性质,但表征非常困难这一矛盾进行了评述,并对今后的发展进行了展望。     

Electrochemical properties of double wall carbon nanotube electrodes

Electrochemical properties of double wall carbon nanotubes (DWNT) were assessed and compared to their single wall (SWNT) counterparts. The double and single wall carbon nanotube materials were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and electrochemistry. The electrochemical behavior of DWNT film electrodes was characterized by using cyclic voltammetry of ferricyanide and NADH. It is shown that while both DWNT and SWNT were significantly functionalized with oxygen containing groups, double wall carbon nanotube film electrodes show a fast electron transfer and substantial decrease of overpotential of NADH when compared to the same way treated single wall carbon nanotubes. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

碳纳米管预处理方法对天然橡胶/纯化碳纳米管复合材料力学性能的影响

纯化后的碳纳米管(CNT)分别经过球磨、表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠或分散-黏合体系预处理,再与100份(质量)天然橡胶(NR)混炼,可制备NR/纯化CNT复合材料。结果表明,纯化CNT直接与NR混炼,前者在NR中的分散效果不好,二者的界面结合欠佳。纯化CNT经球磨后,团聚程度增加,对复合材料力学性能影响不大。经表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠处理后的纯化CNT,内聚能下降,用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定复合材料的DSC曲线表明,复合材料的结晶熔融峰面积增大,力学性能降低。用分散-黏合体系处理纯化CNT,可同时提高纯化CNT在橡胶中的分散效果及界面黏合性,试样结晶熔融峰变得不明显,因此该复合材料的邵尔A型硬度提高,拉伸强度、300％定伸应力和撕裂强度等优于其他试样。     

Superhydrophobic carbon nanotube/amorphous carbon nanosphere hybrid film

Fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces has been widely investigated due to their wide range of applications. Here, synthesis of self-assembled aligned carbon nanotubes (ACNT)/amorphous carbon (a-C) nanosphere hybrid film is reported. Carbon plasma produced by FCVA was used to deposit a-C nanospheres on the ACNT films fabricated by PECVD. The superhydrophobic properties of the surface was investigated by static contact angle (CA) measurement. It is found that the surface morphology of the film which depends on the size of the a-C nanospheres, has a great influence on the hydrophobic properties of the surface. The hydrodynamic properties of the surface is discussed in terms of both Cassie and Wenzel mechanisms. The microstructure of the films is also investigated by XPS and HRTEM. It is shown that the bombardment of the CNTs with high energy carbon ions will damage the crystalline structure of the CNT walls as well.     

Material advancements in supercapacitors: From activated carbon to carbon nanotube and graphene

The electrochemical capacitor (EC), also known as supercapacitor, is an energy storage device possessing a near infinite life‐cycle and high power density recognised to store energy in the double‐layer or through pseudocapacitance as a result of an applied potential. Fundamental principles of charge storage in relation to the important physical and chemical characteristics of electrode materials are addressed in the following review, with carbon‐made electrodes, specifically activated carbon, carbon fibres and aerogels, carbon nanotubes and graphene emphasised in regards to their enhancement of the characteristic energy and power densities of ECs. Pseudocapacitive materials, notably transition metal oxides and nitrides, and conducting polymers are remarked by the potential to further improve EC performance through synergistic effects and asymmetric design. Research towards gaining a better understanding of charge storage in sub‐micropores, material design and improving the performance of alternative electrolytes are expected to greatly enhance the capabilities of these devices in the near future.     

Microwave absorbing properties of a radar absorbing structure composed of carbon nanotube papers/glass fabric composites

In this study, carbon nanotube papers were employed in fabricating thin and broadband radar absorbing structures (RAS). Different concentrations of the CNT papers have been made by using a vacuum filtration method, with 20 × 20 cm in size and 21-27 μm in thickness. An epoxy resin was added into the CNT paper and then cured to become a composite with 1-5 wt.% of CNTs and 83-309 μm in thickness. The complex permittivity and permeability (ε′, ε″, μ′, μ″) of the CNT paper composites were measured using the transmission/reflection method in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz. The results reveal that the real (ε′) and imaginary (ε″) parts of the complex permittivity are increased with the CNT concentration. The ε′ of 5 wt.% CNT sample reaches 323 at 2 GHz and then decreases to 49.0 at 18 GHz. The ε″ reaches 321 at 2 GHz and decreases to 26.0 at 18 GHz. The CNT paper composite combined with a glass fabric composite used for a dielectric spacer is fabricated for an innovative RAS and the reflection loss is measured using the arch method in a microwave anechoic chamber. The results show that the 5 wt.% CNT paper composite/glass fabric composite absorbers attain maximum reflection loss of −13.3 dB at 12.0 GHz, −13.8 dB  at 10.0 GHz, and −16.0 dB at 7.5 GHz for spacer thickness of 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 mm, respectively.     

Crosstalk analysis of carbon nanotube bundle interconnects

ABSTRACT: Carbon nanotube (CNT) has been considered as an ideal interconnect material for replacing copper for future nanoscale IC technology due to its outstanding current carrying capability, thermal conductivity, and mechanical robustness. In this paper, crosstalk problems for single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundle interconnects are investigated; the interconnect parameters for SWCNT bundle are calculated first, and then the equivalent circuit has been developed to perform the crosstalk analysis. Based on the simulation results using SPICE simulator, the voltage of the crosstalk-induced glitch can be reduced by decreasing the line length, increasing the spacing between adjacent lines, or increasing the diameter of SWCNT.     

离子液体中制备碳纳米管复合材料的研究

与传统的溶剂相比,离子液体作为一种新型的绿色环保溶剂及优良电解质,在碳纳米管复合材料制备中得到了广泛的应用.对近年来利用离子液体合成出的碳纳米管/金属复合材料、碳纳米管/纤维素复合材料、碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料,以及在高分子离子液体、离子液凝胶中制备的碳纳米管复合材料进行了综述,介绍它们的优势及特点.对今后离子液体在碳...