Otosclerosis surgery under local anesthesia with sedation: Assessment of quality of life and stress

ObjectivesThe main study endpoint was tolerance of stapedotomy under local anesthesia with sedation and under general anesthesia using stress and quality of life assessment questionnaires. Secondary endpoints comprised operative time and functional results.Material and methodIn a consecutive series of stapedotomy patients operated on over a 12-month period, quality of life and perioperative stress were analysed by 3 questionnaires: the Glasgow Benefit Inventory, Cohen's perceived stress scale and the Post-traumatic stress disorder checklist scale. Questionnaire responses and audiometric data were compared between groups treated under local anesthesia with sedation and under general anesthesia.ResultsTwenty-two patients were included in the local anesthesia with sedation group and 6 in the general anesthesia group. There was no difference between the groups for quality of life, onset of post-traumatic stress, or perceived pre- and postoperative stress. There was also no difference in operative time. The audiometric data confirmed the reliability of stapedotomy. Stapedotomy under local anesthesia with sedation improved air conduction with ≤ 10 dB air-bone gap (ABG), comparable to results under general anesthesia. The rate of ABG ≤ 10 dB was 71.4%; no labyrinthisation was observed.ConclusionUnder local anesthesia with sedation, stapedotomy was well tolerated without increasing the stress associated with otosclerosis surgery. By correcting hearing loss, the procedure improves quality of life.     

CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨技术治疗耳硬化症疗效观察

目的探讨CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨技术治疗耳硬化症的疗效。方法2001年10月至2003年12月间,30名临床确诊为耳硬化症的患者在上海交通大学附属第六人民医院接受CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨技术治疗,术前言语频率平均气导听阈为63.33dB HL,气骨导差为24.5~50.25dB,平均为36dB。全部病例随访12个月以上,平均随访18个月。结果24例患者于术后6个月复查听力,言语频率平均气导听阈为26.82dB HL,气骨导差≤15dB者23例,占95.83%;气骨导差≤10dB者21例,占87.5%;平均气骨导差为8.50dB。30例患者术后12个月时复查听力,言语频率平均气导听阈为27.52dB HL,气骨导差≤15dB者28例,占93.33%;气骨导差≤10dB者25例,占83.33%;平均气骨导差为8.60dB。术后半年与一年复查听力结果相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨技术治疗耳硬化症疗效显著,术后反应轻,远期疗效稳定,是治疗耳硬化症的可靠技术。     

智能CO2激光在耳硬化症手术中的应用

目的：探讨应用智能CO2激光辅助 Fisch 人工镫骨术治疗耳硬化症的疗效。方法回顾性分析28例接受智能CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨手术治疗的耳硬化症患者的临床资料,术中均使用智能CO2激光切断镫骨肌腱、后足弓,并行镫骨足板开窗;所有患者术前及术后6个月行纯音听阈测试,记录0．5、1、2、4 kHz 频率气、骨导阈值。结果所有患者术后均未发生永久性眩晕和感音性聋;所有患者手术前后骨导阈值无明显变化,差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;术前及术后6个月言语频率气骨导差中位数分别为30．38（23．13,39．38）及9．75（8．25,10）dB,两者差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论智能CO2激光切断镫骨肌腱、后足弓,行镫骨足板开窗安全便捷,适合在耳硬化症人工镫骨手术中使用。     

Improvement of bone conduction after stapes surgery in otosclerosis patients with mixed hearing loss depending from surgical technique

This study investigate the effect of stapes surgery on bone conduction (BC) improvement in otosclerotic patients with mixed hearing loss and also compare the effect of three different types of surgery (complete stapedectomy, partial stapedectomy and microfenestration stapedotomy) on this improvement. We retrospectively reviewed surgical database of 84 otosclerotic patients with mixed hearing loss. Sixty-two patients (75%) had significant improvement in BC after surgery (P = 0.03). In 85% of patients with follow-up time longer than 1 year, this improvement had remained. Improvement in BC after surgery was better in partial stapedectomy group (82.6%) and complete stapedectomy group (80.8%) in comparison with microfenestration stapedotomy group (63%) (P = 0.052).     

Otosclerosis in children and adolescents: a clinical and CT-scan survey with review of the literature

OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of the CT-scan in the preoperative evaluation of juvenile otosclerosis and to study additional outcome data. DESIGN AND SETTING: We performed a retrospective case series study from an academic referral hospital using data from 1992 to 2005. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We selected patients younger than 18-year-old who had undergone primary stapedectomy for otosclerosis among the 10 stapedectomies performed over the study period and analyzed the patients' systematic pre- and post-operative audiograms and CT-scan findings. RESULTS: For this survey, complete data was available for 7 children, totaling 10 primary stapedectomies for otosclerosis. Their ages at diagnosis ranged from 10 to 17 years. In 4 children, CT-scan demonstrated bilateral findings typical of otosclerosis: poorly calcified foci near the fissula ante fenestram, associated with a hypodense edging surrounding the labyrinthine capsule in 2 children. The youngest patient had no CT-scan abnormalities. Stapedectomy was performed in one case and laser stapedotomy in 9 cases. Seven children were immediately improved following surgery and no postoperative facial palsy or prolonged vertigo was reported. The mean (S.D.) postoperative ABG was 6.5dB (+/-3.7). The mean closure was 19dB (+/-11.2). The mean change in high-tone bone conduction level was 1.8dB (+/-7.5). Six children had a postoperative ABG less than 10dB while in one, the ABG was inferior to 20dB. CONCLUSION: Preoperative CT-scan is useful for the preoperative diagnosis of otosclerosis in children. The images seen must be distinguished from other footplate pathologies or deformities of the ossicular chain which are often associated with poorer surgical results. This survey provides additional evidence that stapes surgery is an effective procedure for treating juvenile otosclerosis.     

Hearing-related,health-related quality of life in patients who have undergone otosclerosis surgery: A long-term follow-up study

Objectives: The aims of the study were to assess health-related quality of life and hearing-related disability in subjects with otosclerosis 30 years after surgery. Design: An observational study was performed. Medical records were reviewed, a clinical examination as well as audiometric assessments were performed. Generic health-related quality of life was assessed by the SF-36v2 and hearing disability by a shortened version of SSQ (speech spatial and qualities of hearing scale). Study sample: Sixty-five individuals, who had undergone stapedectomy in 1977-79 at a tertiary referral center. Results: Generic health-related quality of life according to SF-36 subscale scores was comparable to that of an age- and sex-matched reference population. The SF-36 mental component summary score (MCS) was, however, significantly better than that of the reference population. The mental and physical summary component scores correlated significantly to hearing disability measured by the SSQ but not to hearing impairment. Hearing disability was displayed in all SSQ sub-scores, especially in more complex listening situations and in the localization of sounds. Conclusions: This study shows that individuals with otosclerosis, 30 years after surgery, have a good generic health-related quality of life, despite moderate to severe hearing loss and significant hearing disabilities.     

局部麻醉下控制性低血压在鼻内镜手术中的应用

目的:探讨局部麻醉下控制件降压在功能性鼻内镜手术中的应用价值.方法:将鼻内镜手术患者随机分为控制性降血压组和对照组.记录2组术前、降压前、手术30 min时及术毕时的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SaO2)及血气值、出血量、术野评级、手术时间.结果:手术30 min时2组HR较术前均有明显增快(P＜0.01),SaO2较术前有显著下降(P＜0.01).2组术毕时MAP、HR、SaO2和血气值差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).2组出血量、手术时间、术野清晰度评分比较差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论:局部麻醉下控制性降压可减少功能性鼻内镜手术的出血量,保持术野清晰,缩短手术时间,具有较高的安全性及临床使用价值.     

Otosclerosis: Incidence of positive findings on temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT) and audiometric correlation in Korean patients

Objective

To assess the incidence of otosclerotic foci identified by temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT) in Korean and to determine the correlation between the extent of otosclerotic foci and audiometric findings.

Methods

Thirty-one patients (37 ears) who were surgically confirmed otosclerosis and underwent preoperative TBCT scan were included. Patients underwent pre- and postoperative audiometric evaluation and TBCT. The mean air conduction (AC) thresholds and bone conduction (BC) thresholds, air–bone gap (ABG), and the difference between pre- and postoperative ABGs were determined. Otosclerotic foci were identified by the presence of hypodense lesions near the fissula ante fenestram and the otic capsule in the TBCT. The areas with hypodense lesions and the density ratio of the otosclerotic foci were compared by pre- and postoperative audiometric parameters.

Results

Hypodense lesions were identified by the TBCT in 27 out of 37 cases (73%). Fenestral types were found in 23 cases and combined fenestral and cochlear types in 4 cases. There was a significant correlation between the density ratio of the otospongiotic foci and the postoperative mean ABG (P = 0.03). However, there was no correlation between the size of the hypodense area and any of the audiometric parameters tested (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

The rate of positive TBCT findings for otosclerosis in our series was 73%. The extent of the hypodense lesion did not correlate with the preoperative hearing levels. However, the density ratio of the hypodense lesion influenced the surgical outcomes.     

Child behavior and quality of life before and after tonsillotomy versus tonsillectomy

Objectives

Compare two techniques for pediatric tonsil surgery with respect to postoperative pain and morbidity and changes in sleep behavior, health related quality of life (HRQL) and benefits due to surgery.

Methods

67 children (4.5-5.5 years) with tonsillar hypertrophy and obstructive sleep-disordered breathing with or without recurrent tonsillitis were randomized to either regular tonsillectomy (TE) (n = 32) or intracapsular tonsillectomy/tonsillotomy (TT) (n = 35) with Radiofrequency surgical technique (ellman Int.). Before TT/TE, the parents completed a validated Quality of Life survey of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, the OSA-18 (Obstructive Sleep Apnea-18) and a standardized assessment of their children's behavior with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Six months after surgery, the parents repeated these measurements, and assessed the health related benefits of the surgery using the Glasgow Children's Benefit Inventory (GCBI).

Results

In the TT group, the children recorded less pain from the first day after surgery onwards, used fewer doses of painkillers and were pain-free 3 days earlier than the children in the TE group. Six months after surgery, there were no significant difference between TT and TE with regard to snoring and ENT-infections.The differences in the total scores and in all the individual domains between the initial OSA-18 and post-surgery scores were all significant (P < 0.0001). The improvement in the total problem score measured with CBCL was also significant (P < 0.01) and there was no difference between the TT and TE children. The improvements in all subscores of the GCBI indicated a significant health benefit of both TT and TE.

Conclusions

TT with RF-surgery causes less pain and postoperative morbidity than regular TE and has an equal effect on snoring and recurrent infections.Pre-school children with tonsillar hypertrophy and obstructive sleep-disordered breathing all show an impact on HRQL and behavior before surgery and improve dramatically just as much after TT as after TE. Therefore TT would be considered for treatment of small children.     

Quality of life in advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma after chemoradiation versus surgery and radiation

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this cohort study from a tertiary academic university practice was to identify differences in patients' perceived quality of life after either chemoradiation or surgery and radiation for advanced-stage oropharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: From institutional databases, thirty-five patients were identified who had undergone either primary chemoradiation or primary surgery and postoperative radiation for advanced oropharyngeal cancer (stage II-IV). Patients voluntarily responded by mail using the University of Washington quality-of-life instrument version 4 (UW-QOL). Data were analyzed using chi and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: There were 17 patients who underwent chemoradiation and 18 patients who underwent surgery and postoperative radiation. All surgical patients had undergone free-flap reconstruction. Patients completed the UW-QOL an average of 25 months after treatment. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with regard to any specific domain, including pain, appearance, swallowing, chewing, speech, saliva, or mood. There was a trend toward significance for taste (P = .07) with chemoradiation patients reporting poorer taste function. The lack of difference in the patients' perception of appearance and swallowing was rather surprising given the vastly different treatment modalities. Respondents reported equivalent overall quality of life in response to global quality-of-life questions. CONCLUSION: Most patients with advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma report good quality of life after treatment, regardless of treatment modality. Although the short-term side effects of treatment may be different between the groups, long-term quality of life is remarkably similar whether the patients choose primary chemoradiation or surgery with postoperative radiation.     

Assessment of quality of life after endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a disease of undefined etiology that significantly impacts the quality of life of its patients. Various studies carried out in countries other than Brazil have shown endoscopic sinus surgery as an effective means of treating this condition.ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze, with the aid of SNOT-20, the association between endoscopic sinus surgery and disease-specific quality of life of Brazilian patients treated for chronic rhinosinusitis accompanied or not by nasal polyps.Materials and MethodsThis prospective study enrolled patients submitted to endoscopic sinus surgery after drug therapy failed to improve their symptoms. They were assessed based on questionnaire SNOT-20p before and 12 months after surgery. Improvement on total scores and on the five items deemed more important by each patient were assessed. The study also looked into the correlation between preoperative scores and postoperative improvement and if there were any gender-related improvement differences.ResultsForty-three patients aged 44 (19), md (IQR), 65% of whom (26/43) were males. Statistically significant improvement was seen on SNOT-20 and SNOT-20(5+) and a correlation was established between preoperative scores and postoperative improved scores (p<0.001). No gender-related differences were observed in quality of life.ConclusionEndoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis is associated with statistically significant improvements in disease-specific quality of life.     

Health-related quality of life after polypectomy with and without additional surgery

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the health-related quality of life of patients undergoing simple polypectomy with that of patients undergoing polypectomy with additional surgery. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective, multicenter cohort study of adults undergoing sinonasal surgery. METHODS: Eight hundred forty-four patients received simple polypectomy and 1,004 patients received polypectomy with additional surgery. Health-related quality of life was compared at 12 and 36 months after surgery using the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22). Total SNOT-22 scores may range from zero to 110 with lower scores representing better outcomes. We used linear regression to adjust postoperative SNOT-22 scores for baseline characteristics. When comparing the difference between the two surgical techniques, positive SNOT-22 scores represent a better outcome for those undergoing additional surgery. RESULTS: There were only small differences between the two groups at 12 months (difference in SNOT-22 -0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]=-2.3-1.3; P=.58) and 36 months after surgery (difference -2.1; 95% CI=-4.4-0.2; P=.08). The additional surgery group had a slightly higher risk of excessive perioperative bleeding (8.6% vs. 6.0%; P=.04) but a slightly lower risk of revision surgery within 36 months (10.4% vs. 13.3%; P=.12). CONCLUSIONS: Nasal polypectomy with additional surgery seems to have no benefit over simple polypectomy in terms of health-related quality of life improvement for patients with nasal polyposis.     

变应性鼻炎患者生活质量调查

目的:获取变应性鼻炎患者生活质量资料,评价汉化版生活质量量表(SF36)在变应性鼻炎患者生活质量评估中的应用。方法:2004年5～7月诊断为变应性鼻炎患者150例(鼻炎组),其中轻度68例(轻度鼻炎组),中重度82例(中重度鼻炎组),采用问卷调查方式,内容包括一般资料、症状问卷量表和SF36,将其所得分数与健康对照组进行比较。结果:①轻度鼻炎组生活质量与健康对照组比较,在总体健康、情感职能和生理职能3个维度积分出现下降(P<0.05)。②中重度鼻炎组的生活质量受到严重影响,各个维度积分均有显著下降(均P<0.05),在总体健康、情感职能和社会功能等维度生活质量下降最为明显。结论:变应性鼻炎严重影响患者的生活质量。中文版SF36可用于中国变应性鼻炎患者的生活质量评估。     

Assessment of quality and safety in rhinologic day surgery

ObjectivesTo assess and compare the safety and quality of the management of sinonasal surgery (all procedures) between day-case and traditional admission.Material and methodsA 2-year retrospective study included all patients undergoing functional septonasal surgery, ethmoidectomy, middle antrostomy, frontal sinusotomy or endoscopic sphenoidotomy, as day-surgery on inpatient admission. Demographic, operative, pre- and post-operative anesthetic data, complications, and rates of emergency consultation and readmission within 30 days were collected and compared between out- and in-patients.ResultsNine hundred and nine patients were included: 569 functional septonasal surgeries, 180 ethmoidectomies, 101 middle meatotomies, 40 Draf procedures and 19 sphenoidotomies; respectively 60%, 21%, 54%, 20% and 37% were performed in the day-surgery unit. There were no significant differences in number of emergency consultations or readmissions between the out- and in-patient groups. There were more complications in in-patients (P < 0.0001) (4.9% anticoagulant and 12% antiplatelet treatments, 18% obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndromes). The conversion rate to conventional admission was 4.6%. Antiplatelet treatment or postoperative nasal packing were not significant risk factors for complications or readmission.ConclusionOutpatient sinonasal surgery does not seem to incur extra risk for the patient or surgeon when eligibility criteria are met.