中国海南黎族人群15个STR位点的遗传多态性

[目的]研究海南黎族族人群15个STR位点D3S1358、THO1、D21S11、D18S51、VWA、CSF1PO、D8S1179、TPOX、FGA、D5S818、D13S317、D7S820、D16S539、D19S433、D2S1338的遗传多态性.[方法]通过人类短串联重复序列(shorttandem repeat,STR)复合扩增、基因扫描、基因分型调查了110名黎族无关个体15个STR位点等位基因分布情况.[结果]15个STR位点均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,共检出149个STR等位基因,其频率分布在0.0045～0.5045之间,杂合度(heterozygosity,H)为0.6716～0.8754,个体识别力(diserimination power,DP)为0.8770～0.9673,非父排除率(probabilities of paternity exclusion,EPP)为0.4383～0.7396,多态信息含量(polymorphic information content,PIC)为0.6265～0.8574.[结论]选用的15个STR位点均能检出等位基因遗传多态性,并具有较丰富的信息含量,为进一步研究中华民族STR遗传结构提供了基础资料.     

广西苗族和瑶族15个STR位点的遗传多态性比较

目的了解广西苗族和瑶族15个常染色体短串联重复序列（D2S1338、D3S1358、D5S818、D7S820、D8S1179、D13S317、D16S539、D18S51、D19S433、D21S11、CSF1PO、TPOX、TH01、vWA、FGA）的遗传多态性,探讨它们在苗族和瑶族之间的差异。方法随机抽取苗族和瑶族无关个体静脉血抗凝冻存,提取DNA,采用PCR-STR基因扫描识别技术,获得广西苗族和瑶族15个STR位点的基因型,统计出它们的遗传学参数,比较苗族和瑶族之间的差异。结果（1）15个STR位点,广西苗族检出445个基因型,148个等位基因,其等位基因频率分布在0．0724—0．4663之间;平均杂合度为0．7811,个体识别力均大于0．8,累积个体识别力大于0．9999999999,累积非父排除率大于0．999999998。广西瑶族检出436个基因型,145个等位基因,其等位基因频率分布在0．0029～0．5514之间;平均杂合度为0．7839,个体识别力除TPOX位点外均大于0．8,累积个体识别力大于0．999999999,累积非父排除率大于0．999999505。（2）15个STR位点在广西苗族和瑶族之间,有8个等位基因频率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,7个等位基因差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论（1）广西苗族和瑶族15个STR位点（除瑶族的TPOX位点外）均具有高度遗传多态性,是群体遗传学研究和法医学鉴定的可选位点。（2）广西苗族和瑶族之间,15个STR位点中有8个位点的等位基因频率存在差异。     

STR基因座D1S518、D4S2639、D15S817汉族人群遗传多态性调查

目的分析武汉地区汉族人群D1S518、D4S2639、D15S8173个短串联重复序列（STR）基因座遗传多态性，探讨其在法医学检验中的应用价值。方法应用PCR扩增、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离及银染显带等技术，对各样品进行3个STR基因座分型，调查武汉地区汉族人群3个STR基因座遗传多态性基因频率分布。结果D1S518基因座观察到8个等位基因，24个基因型；D4S2639基因座观察到9个等位基因，32个基因型；D15s817基因座观察到7个等位基因，18个基因型，3个STR基因座的杂合度分别为0．7547、0．8165、0．7602；多态性信息含量分别为0．7290、0．7568、0．7222。结论DIS518、D4S2639、D15S8173个STR基因座基因频率分布与Hardy-Weinberg平衡吻合良好，在武汉地区汉族人群中呈现较高的遗传多态性，属于高信息度遗传标记。     

福建泉州汉族人群15个STR位点的遗传多态性

目的 阐明福建泉州地区汉族人群15个短串联重复序列(STR)的遗传多态性。方法 应用STR复合扩增、基因扫描、基因分型方法，调查320名福建泉州地区无关个体15个STR位点的等位基因及其基因型分布情况。结果 共检出150个等位基因，其频率分布在0．015625-0．5921875，符合Hardy—Weinberg定律，累计非父排除率和个体识别率分别达0．999999286和0．9999999999999999155。结论 泉州地区汉族人群15个STR位点遗传结构特征，除TPOX和TH01位点外，均具有高度的多态信息为含量。     

广东汉族人群D13S631位点的多态性

【目的】调查D13S631位点在广东汉族群体的多态性。【方法】PCR扩增短串联重复（STR）位点D13S631后,用不连续电泳系统进行分型。【结果】在227个无关个体中共发现了6个等位基因,扩增片段为197～217bp,等位基因频率最高为0.2907(201bp),最低为0.0903(197bp)。杂合率、个体识别率和非父排除率分别为0.7885,0.9231,0.5543。家系分析表明按孟德尔规律遗传。【结论】结果表明D13S631是一个具有重要法医应用价值的位点。     

江西地区汉族人群FGA、GABRB15和D19S253基因多态性分布

目的 调查江西地区汉族人FGA、GABRB15和D19S2533个STR位点遗传多态性。方法 随机抽取江西地区汉族人群无血缘关系个体的静脉血，应用PCR和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术进行检测分析。结果 3个STR位点均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡规则，FGA、GABRB15和D19S2533个STR位点的杂合度分别为0．8706、0．6931和0．8059，个体识别力分别为0．9577、0．8317和0．9066，多态性信息含量分别为0．8547、0．6407和0．7805。结论 FGA、GABRB15和D19S2533个STR位点属高识别能力的遗传标记，所获数据可应用于江西省地区群体调查、法医学个体识别及亲权鉴定等研究领域。     

内蒙古鄂温克族与其他14个民族的群体遗传关系

目的：研究内蒙古鄂温克族9个STR位点的群体遗传结构及其与其他14个民族之间的群体遗传学关系。方法：选择9个S豫位点（D3S1358，vWA，FGA，TH01，TPOX，CSF1PO，D5S818，D13S317，D7S820），采用复合扩增及荧光标记基因扫描技术，检测90名鄂温克族无关个体血液样本。对所得基因频率进行主成分分析。结果：9个STR位点在90名鄂温克族群体检出64种等位基因，频率分布为0．0056～0．4722；检出158种基因型，频率分布为0．0111～0．3000。9个STR位点的基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律（P〉0．05）。主成分分析结果显示：满一通古斯语族的鄂温克族与蒙古语族、突厥语族距离较近，满一通古斯语族的鄂伦春族、突厥语族的裕固族和语系未定的朝鲜族明显离散。结论：获得内蒙古鄂温克族9个STR位点的群体遗传结构；阿尔泰语系相同语族的民族相对较为集中，分子遗传结构接近的民族其语言也相似。     

广西毛南族群体15个短串联重复序列的遗传学研究

目的:为了解中国广西毛南族15个短串联重复序列(STR) (D2S1338、D3S1358、D5S818、D7S820、D8S1179、D13S317、D16S539、D18S51、D19S433、D21S11、CSF1PO、TPOX、TH01、vWA、FGA)的遗传多态性.方法:随机抽取广西环江县三代以上均为毛南族健康的143例无关个体的静脉血2 ml,用枸橼酸钠抗凝备用,用Chelex100法提取DNA,用AmpFISTR(R) Identifiler TMPCR Amplification kit对样本DNA的15个STR基因座进行荧光标记复合扩增,再ABI Prism(R) 3100型遗传分析仪对扩增产物进行检测,然后用GeneScan Analysis3.7和Genetyper3.7软件对检测结果进行扫描分析,得到每个位点的等位基因,最后用直接计数方法计算15个STR基因座的遗传多态性参数.结果:15个STR位点共检出130个等位基因,390个基因型,其基因频率分布在0.003 5～0.538 5之间;平均杂合度为0.769 7,个体识别力除TPOX位点外均大于0.8,累积个体识别力大于0.999 999 999 9,累积非父排除率大于0.999 999 18.结论:广西毛南族15个STR位点除TPOX位点外均具有高度遗传多态性,是群体遗传学研究和法医学鉴定的可选位点.     

云南白族STR遗传多态性研究

目的 研究我国白族STR遗传多态性。方法 通过STR复合扩增，基因扫描，基因分型调查了98名中国白族无关个体15个STR基因座等位基因分布情况。结果 共检出134个STR等位基因，其频率分布在0．0058－0．5799之间，杂合度（H）为0．5834－0．8828，个体识别力（DP）为0．7739－0．9666，非父排除率（EPP）为0．5692－0．8694，多态信息量（PIC）为0．5317－0．8694。结论 为进一步研究中华民族STR遗传结构奠定了基础，在人类学，法医学等领域也有重要的应用价值。     

牡丹江市朝鲜族人群15个常染色体STR基因座的频率调查

目的：调查牡丹江市朝鲜族人群无关个体的15个常染色体STR基因座（D2S1338、D18S51、D7S820、D8S1179、D5S818、D13S317、D16S539、vWA、D19S433、TPOX、D3S1358、FGA、CSF1PO、D21S11、TH01）的多态性,研究其在法医学亲子鉴定和个人识别检验中的实际应用价值。方法：应用AmpFL STR IdentifilerTM试剂盒扩增牡丹江市500例朝鲜族无血缘关系个体的15个STR基因座,其产物用ABI 310遗传分析仪进行检测,包括电泳分离和分型检测,分析其基因频率和遗传平衡分析,并计算分析其遗传参数：杂合度（H）、多态性信息含量（PIC）、个人识别能力（DP）。结果：500名无血缘关系个体各基因座基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P〉0.05）。15个STR基因座的H都大于0.6,DP都大于0.8,PIC都大于0.5。结论：15个STR基因座在牡丹江市朝鲜族人群中等位基因分布较好,具有较高的遗传多态性,所得的群体遗传学数据可满足该地区人类遗传学、法医学亲子鉴定和个人识别等领域的研究需要。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.