西那卡塞联合大剂量骨化三醇治疗继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的效果观察

目的:观察西那卡塞联合骨化三醇对维持血液透析(MHD)患者继发甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT)的疗效.方法:将32例MHD并SHPT的患者随机分为两组:观察组16例(应用西那卡塞联合骨化三醇治疗),对照组16例(应用骨化三醇治疗),治疗5个月后,记录治疗前、治疗3个月、治疗5个月后患者血清甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)、血钙(C...     

西那卡塞联合骨化三醇对维持性血液透析患者继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的疗效

目的 研究西那卡塞联合骨化三醇对维持性血液透析（MHD）患者继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT)的疗效。方法 选取我院收治MHD患者伴SHPT76例,随机分为两组,每组38例。对照组给予西那卡塞治疗,观察组予西那卡塞联合骨化三醇治疗。收集治疗前、治疗后6个月患者的血钙（Ca）、血磷（P）、钙磷乘积（Ca×P）、全段甲状旁腺激素（iPTH）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、血肌酐（SCr）等指标的变化。结果 两组治疗后血钙、血磷、钙磷乘积、iPTH及ALP水平均较治疗前明显下降（P<0.05）;观察组较对照组在血磷、钙磷乘积、iPTH水平下降方面更为显著（P<0.05）;观察组的总体有效率明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 西那卡塞联合骨化三醇治疗MHD伴SHPT,能够有效缓解患者的钙磷代谢异常,降低iPTH水平,疗效肯定、安全性好。     

西那卡塞联合骨化三醇治疗维持性血液透析继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的效果

目的分析西那卡塞联合骨化三醇治疗维持性血液透析继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT)的临床效果。方法将我院收治的78例维持性血液透析SHPT患者按电脑随机法分为观察组和对照组,各39例。对照组以骨化三醇进行治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联用西那卡塞。比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗后,两组的FGF23和BSAP水平均降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前、后,两组的BUN、Scr水平及KT/V组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。观察组的治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论西那卡塞联合骨化三醇治疗维持性血液透析SHPT患者可有效维持钙磷平衡,效果显著。     

骨化三醇胶丸对血液透析后继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者钙、磷代谢及iPTH水平的影响

目的：探讨骨化三醇胶丸对血液透析（MHD）后继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进（SHPT）患者钙、磷代谢及全段甲状旁腺激素（i PTH）水平的影响。方法：按随机数字表法,将2020年1月至2022年6月于医院治疗的60例MHD后SHPT患者分为两组,每组30例。两组均进行MHD治疗,对照组采用西那卡塞治疗,在对照组基础上,观察组采用骨化三醇胶丸治疗。比较两组临床疗效、血清指标[钙、磷、尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（SCr）、尿素清除指数（Kt/V）、i PTH]及不良反应。结果：观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗后,两组钙水平均高于治疗前,磷及i PTH水平均低于治疗前,且观察组钙水平高于对照组,磷及i PTH水平均低于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗前,两组BUN、SCr及Kt/V比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗后,两组BUN、SCr及Kt/V比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：MHD后SHPT患者采用骨化三醇胶丸治疗有利于调节钙、磷代谢异常,降低i PTH水平,且对患者残肾功能...     

西那卡塞联合小剂量骨化三醇对持续非卧床腹膜透析患者难治性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进疗效观察研究

目的研究西那卡塞联合小剂量骨化三醇对持续非卧床腹膜透析(continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis,CAPD)患者难治性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(secondary hyperparathyroidism,SHPT)疗效。方法选取2015年5月~2016年1月CAPD伴SHPT经骨化三醇冲击治疗无效16例患者,行西那卡塞联合小剂量骨化三醇治疗,收集患者治疗前、后血清、尿标本及甲状旁腺超声检查。采用放射免疫法测定全段甲状旁腺激素(intact parathyroid hormone,i PTH),全自动日立化学分析仪检测血钙(serum calcium,SCa)、血磷(serum phosphorus,SP)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)等指标。结果西那卡塞联合小剂量骨化三醇治疗后i PTH、SCa、SP、Ca×P较治疗前比较明显下降,i PTH(F=13.152,P0.001);SCa(F=4.602,P=0.002);SP(F=8.723,P0.001];Ca×P(F=8.683,P0.001],差异均具有统计学意义。血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)及ALB(albumin)无明显差异,Hb(F=0.744,P=0.565];ALB(F=0.624,P=0.647],均无统计学意义。12例甲状旁腺增生患者中8例甲状旁腺体积减小;有临床症状的13例患者中11例缓解,1例减轻,1例转至外院行甲状旁腺切除术。结论西那卡塞联合小剂量骨化三醇治疗维持性腹膜透析继发难治性SHPT疗效肯定、无创、风险小、使很多患者免除了甲状旁腺切除手术风险,在临床治疗继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进方面值得推广。     

西那卡塞对腹膜透析合并SHPT钙磷及冠状动脉钙化的影响

目的：探讨西那卡塞在腹膜透析（PD）合并继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进（SHPT）患者中的应用效果。方法：选取2019年6月~2020年6月收治的78例PD合并SHPT患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各39例。对照组予以常规治疗+骨化三醇,观察组给予常规治疗+西那卡塞,连续用药6个月。对比两组临床疗效、钙磷代谢指标、冠状动脉钙化（CAC）严重程度、不良反应。结果：观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗前,两组血钙、血磷、全段甲状旁腺激素（iPTH）、CAC积分相比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;治疗后,观察组血钙高于对照组,血磷、iPTH、CAC积分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组不良反应发生率相比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：西那卡塞在PD合并SHPT患者治疗中效果确切,能够纠正钙磷代谢紊乱,减轻CAC,且无严重不良反应。     

骨化三醇联合西那卡塞治疗慢性肾衰竭透析继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症患者的疗效评价

目的：分析骨化三醇联合西那卡塞治疗慢性肾衰竭（CRF）透析继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症（SHPT）患者的疗效。方法：选取2018年1月~2020年6月收治的CRF透析SHPT患者86例，按随机数字表法分成研究组和对照组，各43例。对照组接受西那卡塞治疗，研究组基于对照组基础上加用骨化三醇治疗，比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后治疗参数[血钙、血磷、全段甲状旁腺激素（iPTH）]、血清因子[转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）、转铁蛋白受体（sTfR）]。结果：研究组治疗总有效率为93.02%（40/43）较对照组76.74%（33/43）高（P＜0.05）；治疗后研究组血磷、iPTH低于对照组，血钙高于对照组（P＜0.05）；治疗后研究组sTfR、TGF-β1低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：骨化三醇联合西那卡塞治疗CRF透析SHPT患者效果显著，可改善血磷、血钙、iPTH水平，抑制sTfR、TGF-β1分泌。     

骨化三醇口服或静脉给药联合西那卡塞治疗维持性血液透析患者继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的疗效观察

目的比较尿毒症维持性血液透析患者继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(secondary hyperparathyroidism, SHPT)口服或静脉注射骨化三醇联合西那卡塞治疗的效果及安全性。方法维持性血液透析3个月以上SHPT患者50例,根据血清甲状旁腺激素(parathormone, PTH)水平分为轻度组(PTH 300～600 ng/L)29例和中重度组(PTH600 ng/L)21例;再根据骨化三醇给药方式,轻度组分为口服亚组16例、静脉亚组13例,中重度组分为口服亚组12例、静脉亚组9例。轻、中重度组均给予盐酸西那卡塞餐中吞服,初始剂量均为25 mg/d;轻、中重度组口服及静脉亚组骨化三醇初始剂量分别为1～2μg/次、2～4μg/次,均2次/周;之后各组根据血钙和患者耐受情况调整西那卡塞、骨化三醇剂量,每2～4周调整1次,西那卡塞最大剂量为100 mg/d,骨化三醇最大剂量为6μg/d。分别于治疗前及治疗3、6个月采集透析前空腹静脉血,检测血钙、血磷、PTH、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase, ALP)水平;记录西那卡塞、骨化三醇使用剂量;比较治疗期间不良反应发生率。结果轻度组口服、静脉亚组治疗前及治疗3、6个月血清PTH水平在组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),静脉亚组治疗后3个月血磷水平[(2.97±0.57)mmol/L]较治疗前[(2.71±0.49)mmol/L]增高(P0.05),且高于口服亚组[(2.02±0.39)mmol/L](P0.05),治疗后6个月血清PTH水平[(128.93±61.23)ng/L]较口服组[(244.74±39.31)ng/L]降低(P0.05)。中重度组口服、静脉亚组治疗前及治疗3、6个月血清PTH、ALP水平在组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);静脉亚组治疗3、6个月血清PTH水平[(386.67±89.84)、(177.88±68.63)ng/L]较治疗前[(868.45±189.66)ng/L]降低,治疗6个月ALP水平[(66.25±27.39)u/L]较治疗前[(151.58±85.11)u/L]、治疗3个月[(109.90±49.92) u/L]降低(P0.05),且治疗6个月血清PTH水平较口服亚组[(300.23±63.01)ng/L]明显降低(P0.05);口服亚组治疗6个月PTH水平较治疗前[(654.00±96.00)ng/L]降低(P0.05)。轻、中重度组口服亚组治疗3、6个月西那卡塞剂量、治疗前及治疗3、6个月骨化三醇使用剂量与静脉亚组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);中重度组静脉亚组治疗6个月骨化三醇剂量较治疗前、治疗3个月均显著降低(P0.05)。轻度组口服和静脉亚组均无不良反应发生;中重度组口服亚组2例、静脉亚组1例出现轻度恶心、上腹不适等消化道反应,2亚组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论西那卡塞联合骨化三醇注射液治疗轻、中重度SHPT均具有较好的效果;中重度SHPT联合静脉用骨化三醇可能减少药物剂量,同时改善骨代谢状态。     

西那卡塞联合骨化三醇对肾性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者生化指标的影响

目的探讨肾性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进采用西那卡塞联合骨化三醇治疗对患者生化指标的影响。方法选取2016年3月～2017年12月在我院就诊的肾性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者60例,随机数表法分为对照组和试验组各30例。对照组采用骨化三醇治疗,试验组采用西那卡塞联合骨化三醇治疗,对比两组生化指标及不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,试验组全段甲状旁腺激素(intactpara thyroid hormone,iPTH)和血磷及钙磷乘积低于对照组,血钙水平较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组与试验组不良反应发生率比较,无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论肾性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进采用西那卡塞联合骨化三醇治疗,可降低患者iPTH水平,缓解钙磷代谢异常情况,且不增加不良反应。     

帕立骨化醇治疗维持性血液透析伴继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的临床研究

目的探究帕立骨化醇治疗维持性血液透析伴继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的临床疗效。方法采用随机数字表法将纳入的60例继发性甲状旁腺亢进症患者分为对照组和观察组各30例,对照组给予西那卡塞片联合骨化三醇软胶囊治疗,观察组给予帕立骨化醇治疗,均治疗12周。检测两组治疗前和治疗后4、8及12周血清全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)、血钙及血磷水平,比较两组临床总有效率及不良反应发生率。结果观察组治疗4、8及12周后血清iPTH水平低于对照组(P<0.05),血钙水平高于对照组(P<0.05),血磷水平低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组临床总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论帕立骨化醇治疗维持性血液透析伴继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进效果好,能降低患者血清iPTH水平,调节钙磷代谢,提高疗效。     

超声评分对膝骨性关节炎患者病变特点的评估价值

目的 探讨超声评分对膝骨性关节炎患者病情严重度的诊断价值。方法 回顾性收集我院收治的膝骨性关节炎患者52例,同期收集50例健康成人,分析超声评分与膝骨性关节炎患者病情严重度的相关性。结果 膝骨性关节炎患者超声评分显著高于健康成人(6.93±1.76 vs. 1.73±0.56,P=0.000)。膝骨性关节炎患者超声评分与髌上囊液体深度、髌下囊液体深度、关节腔液体深度、滑膜厚度显著正相关(r=0.265、0.216、0.310和0.255,P=0.004、0.035、0.000和0.012),与Lyshsolm显著负相关(r=-0.381,P=0.000)。与增生滑膜内血管阴性的患者相比,增生滑膜内血管阳性的患者超声评分显著增加(7.43±1.61 vs. 5.58±1.42, P=0.000)。结论 超声评分与膝骨性关节炎患者病情严重度相关。     

Use of the Role Checklist with the patient with multiple personality disorder

A paucity of occupational therapy evaluation tools exists for use with patients with multiple personality disorder. The Model of Human Occupation (Kielhofner & Burke, 1980), particularly the volition and habituation subsystems within this model, proved useful for the identification of the many facets of patients with multiple personality disorder on a short-term treatment unit. The Role Checklist (Oakley, Kielhofner, Barris, & Richler, 1986), a tool derived from the Model of Human Occupation, was adapted for use with this population and was found to be beneficial in the identification of common goals held by most of the personalities of each patient with multiple personality disorder. The use of the Role Checklist is illustrated with a case example.     

Living with a woman with fibromyalgia from the perspective of the husband

BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome, which affects mostly middle-aged women. The syndrome is poorly understood and treatment is mainly palliative. The diagnosis is established from diagnostic criteria. Living with FM means living a life greatly influenced by the illness in various ways for people affected. Aim of the study. The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of living with a woman with FM from the husbands' perspective. METHODS: Five men married to women with FM were interviewed using a narrative approach. The interviews were analysed using qualitative thematic content analysis. FINDINGS: The analysis resulted in the following seven themes: increasing responsibility and work in the home; being an advocate for and supporting the wife; learning to see the woman's changing needs; changing relationship between spouses; changing relationship with friends and relatives; deepening relationship with the children and lacking information and knowledge about FM. The findings show that the women's illness had a great impact on husbands' lives, and that husbands lacked information about the woman's illness. CONCLUSION: This study shows that it is not only the women with FM who experience a changed life; the whole family life is influenced and limited by FM. The husband's role in the family changes, first and foremost concerning responsibility and workload within the family. This must be taken into consideration in care planning. This study also highlighted the need of information and knowledge about FM expressed by the participants, information that health care personnel have a great responsibility to give.     

Experience with the use of plasmapheresis in the combined treatment of children with the crush syndrome

Plasmapheresis (PP) was applied to the treatment of 5 children aged 6-14 years with the crush syndrome. The multimodality treatment using antibiotics, erythrocytic mass, rheologically active preparations, hemodialysis and blood rheologically active preparations, hemodialysis and hemoperfusion carried out for 6-7 days before PP did not bring about any appreciable improvement of the patients' status. The patients failed to get rid of anuria and manifested the signs of increasing intoxication. The treatment with PP consisted of 1 to 6 procedures, in the course of which 70 to 85 of the design volume of the circulating plasma was removed. The use of PP resulted in the disappearance of myoglobin from the patients' blood and urine, in the normalization of the coagulogram, a considerable decrease of the content of medium molecules, and in the appearance of the first urine towards the end of the procedure. Thus, the introduction of PP into multimodality treatment of the crush syndrome made it possible to eliminate anuria, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and to noticeably reduce intoxication and to clear the blood off myoglobin.