核电厂技术规格书冷却剂放射性比活度运行限制条件确定方法研究

本文通过对西屋标准电厂技术规格书中一回路冷却剂放射性比活度限值的研究,揭示了限值制定的背景及含义,有助于对技术规格书中相关规定的深入理解和后续的执行。通过AP1000电厂与西屋标准技术规格书的比较可知,AP1000电厂技术规格书用剂量等效¹³³Xe比活度限值替代了西屋标准技术规格书中的总放射性比活度限值,剂量等效¹³¹I比活度和¹³³Xe比活度限值均基于设计基准0.25%燃料包壳破损率计算得到,屏蔽设计、三废处理系统设计和事故后果分析等所采用的源项是一致的。最后,结合国内标准要求给出了可以对技术规格书中碘尖峰时比活度限值进行调整以及剂量等效¹³¹I和¹³³Xe比活度限值可以根据0.25%燃料破损率计算数据进行调整的建议。     

Development of Three-Dimensional Numerical Model for 222Rn and Its Decay Products Coupled with a Mesoscale Meteorological Model II. Numerical Analysis on the Increase in Gamma Dose Rate Observed in the Coastal Area of Fukushima Prefecture

A three-dimensional Eulerian numerical model for ²²²Rn and its decay products coupled with a mesoscale meteorological model, MM5-TMNR, is applied to investigate the mechanism of the naturally induced increase in gamma dose rate observed at the coastal area of Fukushima prefecture in October 2002. The results obtained by MM5-TMNR are verified by comparisons with observed wind, precipitation and gamma dose rate to be adequate for examining the mechanism. The unusual increase in gamma dose rate is observed by the combination of the synoptic-scale (about 2000 to 5000 km horizontally) transport of natural radionuclides due to the inflow of cold air mass from the Asian Continent and the meso-_-scale (about 20 to 200 km horizontally) precipitation process within the coastal area of Fukushima prefecture. The contribution rate of natural radionuclides from the Asian Continent to the increase in gamma dose rateis estimated to be more than 60%.     

用中子活化分析研究秦始皇陵一号坑兵马俑的原料产地

选取秦始皇陵一号坑的陶俑和陶马样品20个，秦始皇兵马俑博物馆附近粘土样品20个，耀州瓷胎样品1个。用中子活化分析(NAA)方法测量了样品中32种微量元素的含量，将这些数据进行模糊聚类分析，得到动态聚类分析图。结果表明，这些兵马俑的原料来源可能为骊山地区的粘土，由此推断烧制兵马俑的窑址也可能在秦始皇陵附近。     

Measurement of heat transfer coefficients for steam condensation on a vertical 21.5-mm-O.D. tube in the presence of air

ABSTRACT

Governing the rate of heat transport by condenser tubes in the passive containment cooling system (PCCS), the steam condensation over a vertical cylinder in the presence of air was investigated experimentally. The main objective of this study was to explore if the condensation heat transfer coefficient relies on the tube dimension, which has been a variable missed in most condensation models or has been embraced without experimental demonstration under phase change environments. The mean heat transfer coefficient was measured in the condensation test facility named JERICHO (JNU Experimental Rig for Investigation of Condensation Heat transfer On tube). The outer diameter of the condenser tube used in this study was set to 21.5 mm. The measured heat transfer coefficients were compared to those obtained from the 40-mm-O.D. tube, and a multiplier to correct the variation of the heat transfer coefficient with the tube diameter was proposed for its application to Lee correlation. The proposed correlation was further validated against another set of experimental data obtained from a separate test facility housing the 31.8-mm-O.D. tube.