ZnS:Mn2+,Sm3+粉末材料中Mn2+和Sm3+之间的能量传递

研究了ZnS粉末材料中Mn2+中心和Sm3+中心之间的相互作用.通过测量单独由Mn2+或Sm3+掺杂及Mn2+,Sm3+同时掺杂的ZnS粉末材料的发射光谱、激发光谱、发光衰减以及选择激发发光光谱,证实了Mn2+和Sm3+之间存在偶极子-偶极子相互作用的无辐射能量传递.同时还计算了能量传递几率和传递效率.     

镧系元素掺杂TiO_2的电子和光学特性的第一性原理计算

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理局部密度近似法,结合Hubbard U校正(LDA+U),研究了镧系元素掺杂的锐钛矿型TiO_2的取代能、热力学电荷跃迁能级和光学性质.除La之外的所有镧系元素,在掺杂时向主带隙中引入杂质态.所得取代能表明了镧系元素掺杂TiO_2的可行性.同时预测了最佳掺杂比例约为3%,由Ce、Nd、Sm、Gd或Tm掺杂引入的掺杂能级具有负U特性.另外,所得热力学跃迁能级预测了Lu在主带隙内不发生电荷跃迁.算出的光吸收系数表明镧系元素掺杂可使TiO_2具有可见光吸收性能.     

镧系元素掺杂TiO_2的电子和光学特性的第一性原理计算

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理局部密度近似法,结合Hubbard U校正(LDA+U),研究了镧系元素掺杂的锐钛矿型TiO_2的取代能、热力学电荷跃迁能级和光学性质.除La之外的所有镧系元素,在掺杂时向主带隙中引入杂质态.所得取代能表明了镧系元素掺杂TiO_2的可行性.同时预测了最佳掺杂比例约为3%,由Ce、Nd、Sm、Gd或Tm掺杂引入的掺杂能级具有负U特性.另外,所得热力学跃迁能级预测了Lu在主带隙内不发生电荷跃迁.算出的光吸收系数表明镧系元素掺杂可使TiO_2具有可见光吸收性能.     

镧系元素掺杂TiO_2的电子和光学特性的第一性原理计算

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理局部密度近似法,结合Hubbard U校正(LDA+U),研究了镧系元素掺杂的锐钛矿型TiO_2的取代能、热力学电荷跃迁能级和光学性质.除La之外的所有镧系元素,在掺杂时向主带隙中引入杂质态.所得取代能表明了镧系元素掺杂TiO_2的可行性.同时预测了最佳掺杂比例约为3%,由Ce、Nd、Sm、Gd或Tm掺杂引入的掺杂能级具有负U特性.另外,所得热力学跃迁能级预测了Lu在主带隙内不发生电荷跃迁.算出的光吸收系数表明镧系元素掺杂可使TiO_2具有可见光吸收性能.     

BaFClxBr1－x:Sm2+中5D2→7F0跃迁几率及其对烧孔效率的影响

本文以BaFClxBr1－x:Sm2+中5D2→7F0的跃迁几率随x变化为中心对BaFClxBr1－x:Sm2+体系4f5d带的激发光谱、5D2→7F0跃迁的荧光衰减随温度的变化特性、5D2→7F0的跃迁几率等进行了研究。从而得出结论:在BaFClxBr1－x:Sm2+中,随Br含量的增大,4f5d带与5D2能级更加接近,使7F0→5D2的吸收截面增大,从而可能提高在5D2:能级烧孔的效率。     

白光LED用Ce3/Sm3共掺玻璃和微晶玻璃的发光特性及能量传递研究

采用高温熔融法制备了一系列Ce3+/Sm3+共掺透明微晶玻璃,并研究了其发光特性.在微晶玻璃中Ce3+呈现出基于4f 5d跃迁的较强的宽带蓝光发射,通过调节Ce3+/Sm3+离子的掺杂浓度,Ce3+/Sm3+离子共掺微晶玻璃发光的色度逐渐发生变化,当CeO2/Sm2O3掺杂的量比为1∶1时,制得的微晶玻璃发光色坐标为(0.315,0.296).通过光谱和荧光衰减曲线,研究了Ce3+离子到Sm3+离子的能量传递,在SAZKNGC0.6S0.6微晶玻璃中,Ce3+离子向Sm3+离子传递能量效率约为20%.结果表明,Ce3+/Sm3+共掺微晶玻璃是白光LED的一种潜在基质材料     

ZnS:Mn2+,Sm3+中Mn2+、Sm3+中心之间能量传递的分时光谱研究

前一阶段我们比较系统地研究了ZnS:Mn2+,Sm3+材料中Mn2+中心和Sm3+中心之间的能量传递。通过测量ZnS:Mn2+、ZnS:Sm3+和ZnS:Mn2+,Sm3+三种材料的发射光谱、激发光谱、选择激发发光光谱,证实了Mn2+中心和Sm3+中心之间存在偶极—偶极相互作用的无辐射能量传递。为了进一步研究Mn2+中心和Sm3+中心之间的相互作用及其物理特点,我们又仔细测量了上述三种不同类型材料的分时光谱,这不仅可以更清楚地了解激发停止后Mn2+中心和Sm3+中心之间的相互作用,而且有效地解决了Mn2+中心发射光谱和Sm3+中心某些特征光谱线交叠引起的测量发光衰减的困难。     

非线性两能级系统中的Landau-Zener-Coulomb跃迁

非线性跃迁动力学的研究是量子操控中的一个重要课题,在原子分子光物理、量子信息以及固体物理等领域都有着重要的应用.本文研究了具有粒子间相互作用两能级系统中的Landau-Zener-Coulomb跃迁动力学.结果表明,对于能级的斜率正负不同的情况,粒子间相互作用对系统跃迁动力学的影响完全不同.为正时,粒子间相互作用总是抑制能级间的非绝热跃迁,且相互作用强度越大,两能级间的非绝热跃迁越难发生.而为负时,弱相互作用会促进能级间的非绝热跃迁,在强相互作用情况下,跃迁概率会出现振荡.随着相互作用强度的增大,振荡幅度逐渐减小,能级间的非绝热跃迁受到抑制.     

稀土离子（Sm3+）有机配合物的合成及光谱性能的研究

本文合成了稀土离子（Sm3+）的三种β二酮类二元有机配合物Sm(HFA)3，Sm(TTA)3和Sm(DBM)3.对配体HFA，HTTA和DBM及配合物Sm(HFA)3，Sm(TTA)3和Sm(DBM)3的吸收光谱和荧光光谱进行了测试与分析.发现Sm(HFA)3和Sm(TTA)3在645 nm处（对应Sm3+的4G5/2→6H9/2跃迁）有很强的荧光峰，可以观察到明显的红色荧光.并且分析了配合物和配体的能级结构、配体的取代基、配体结构对称性以及C-H键含量对配合物光谱性能的影响，证明了HTTA是Sm3+发红色荧光的优良配体.     

LiBaPO4:Eu3+材料的制备及发光特性

采用高温固相法制备了LiBaPO4:Eu3+红色发光材料,研究了Eu3+掺杂浓度、电荷补偿剂等对材料发光性质的影响.结果显示,在401nm近紫外光激发下,材料呈多峰发射,分别由Eu3+的5Do→7FJ(J=0,1,2,3,4)能级跃迁产生,主峰位于619 nm;监测619 nm发射峰,所得激发光谱由O2- →Eu3+电荷迁移带(200～350nm)和f-f高能级跃迁吸收带(350～450nm)组成,主峰位于401 nm.改变 Eu3+掺杂浓度,LiBaPO4:Eu3+材料的发射强度随之改变,Eu3+摩尔分数为5%时,强度最大;依据Dexter理论,得出浓度猝灭机理为电偶极-电偶极相互作用;添加电荷补偿剂提高了LiBaPO4:Eu3+材料的发射强度,且Li+和C1-的效果最好.     

电多极相互作用引起的静态能量传递中施主发光衰减与受主浓度的关系

本文指出,通常用于描述电多极相互作用引起的静态传递模型中时间足够长时施主发光衰减规律的表示式exp[-γt-CA(X0t)3/s)Г(1-3/s)]应该用exp[-γt-CA·A(CA)(X0t)2/sГ(1-3/s)]/(1-CA)来代替;文中还指出,静态有序阶段的时间上限由X0t相似文献   

全局耦合网络上的两种类集团的聚集-湮没反应动力学

利用Monte-Carlo模拟研究了全局耦合网络上扩散限制的不可逆聚集-湮没过程的动力学行为. 在系统中, 同种类集团相遇, 将发生聚集反应; 不同种类的集团相遇, 则发生部分湮没反应. 模拟结果表明:1) 当两种粒子初始浓度相等时, 系统长时间演化后, 集团浓度c(t)和粒子浓度g(t)呈现幂律形式, c(t)～t^{- α}和g(t)～t^-β, 其中幂指数α 和β 满足α=2β 的关系, 且α=2/(2 + q); 集团大小分布随时间的演化满足标度律, a_kt)=k^-τt^-ω\varPhi (k/t^z), 其中τ≈-1.27q, ω≈(3 + 1.27q)/(2 + q), z=α/2=1/(2 + q); 2) 当两种粒子初始浓度不相等时, 系统经长时间演化后, 初始浓度较小的种类完全湮没, 而初始浓度较大的那个种类的集团浓度c_A(t)仍具有幂律形式, c_A(t)～t^-α, 其中α=1/(1+q), 其集团大小分布随时间的演化也满足标度律, 标度指数为τ≈-1.27q, ω≈(2 + 1.27q)/(1 + q)和z=α=1/(1 + q). 模拟结果与已报道的理论分析结果相符得很好.     

The finite group velocity of quantum spin systems

It is shown that if Φ is a finite range interaction of a quantum spin system,τ _t ^Φ the associated group of time translations, τ _x the group of space translations, andA, B local observables, then $$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {|t| \to \infty } \\ {|x| > \upsilon |t|} \\ \end{array} } ||[\tau _t^\Phi \tau _x (A),B]||e^{\mu (\upsilon )t} = 0$$ wheneverv is sufficiently large (v>V_Φ) where μ(v)>0. The physical content of the statement is that information can propagate in the system only with a finite group velocity.     

The [20.4]Φ→(1)Δ Green System of LaF

Electronic bands belonging to the [20.4]³Φ→(1)³Δ system have been observed in the emission spectrum of lanthanum monofluoride at high temperature in the presence of the Ar⁺ 457.9-nm laser line: the (0-0), (1-1), (2-2), and (3-3) bands of the ³Φ₄→³Δ₃ subsystem and the (0-0) bands of the ³Φ₃→³Δ₂ and ³Φ₂→³Δ₁ subsystems. Rotational structures which are well developed in these experimental conditions were analyzed. The data were treated using a polynomial expression for the upper levels term-values, directly at equilibrium for ³Φ₄, whereas a previous Hamiltonian matrix representation of the (1)³Δ state was assumed. A Hund's case (a) representation of the [20.4]³Φ state at v=0 was also considered. Perturbations affecting ³Φ₂ levels at v=0 were observed; the energy and rotational constant of the perturbing state and the interaction parameter were estimated.     

The laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of TiF in the ultraviolet region

The laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectrum of jet-cooled ⁴⁸TiF has been obtained in the wavelength region of 245-270 nm for the first time. Six pairs of vibronic bands were observed and assigned to two new transitions [37.8]⁴Φ-X⁴Φ and ⁴Δ-X⁴Φ. Rotational analysis was carried out for the (ν′ = 0-3 to ν″ = 0) vibrational bands of the [37.8]⁴Φ_3/2-X⁴Φ_3/2 and [37.8]⁴Φ_5/2-X⁴Φ_5/2 subbands, and also, the (ν′, 0) and (ν′+1, 0) vibrational bands of the ⁴Δ_1/2-X⁴Φ_3/2 and ⁴Δ_3/2-X⁴Φ_5/2 subbands. The effective equilibrium molecular constants for the [37.8]⁴Φ_3/2 and [37.8]⁴Φ_3/2 upper states were determined. In addition, lifetime measurements were carried out for all of the observed bands under collision-free conditions. On the basis of the spectroscopic constants and lifetime measurements, the electronic transitions involved in the observed high-lying electronic states are discussed.     

DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM BASED ON THE HUMAN AUDITORY-BRAIN MODEL FOR MEASURING ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE—AN APPLICATION TO RAILWAY NOISE

Measurements of railway noise were conducted by use of a diagnostic system of regional environmental noise. The system is based on the model of the human auditory-brain system. The model consists of the interplay of autocorrelators and an interaural crosscorrelator acting on the pressure signals arriving at the ear entrances, and takes into account the specialization of left and right human cerebral hemispheres. Different kinds of railway noise were measured through binaural microphones of a dummy head. To characterize the railway noise, physical factors, extracted from the autocorrelation functions (ACF) and interaural crosscorrelation function (IACF) of binaural signals, were used. The factors extracted from ACF were (1) energy represented at the origin of the delay, Φ (0), (2) effective duration of the envelope of the normalized ACF, τe, (3) the delay time of the first peak, τ₁, and (4) its amplitude,ø₁ . The factors extracted from IACF were (5) IACC, (6) interaural delay time at which the IACC is defined, τ_IACC, and (7) width of the IACF at the τ_IACC,W_IACC . The factor Φ (0) can be represented as a geometrical mean of energies at both ears as listening level, LL.     

Synthesis and photophysical behavior of a novel zinc phthalocyanine containing a single carboxylic acid and three phenylthio substituents

Zinc 2, (3)-tri-(phenylthio)-2, (3)-carboxy phthalocyanine (ZnPc(COOH)(SPh)₃), zinc 2, (3)-tetra-(phenylthio) phthalocyanine (ZnPc(SPh)₄) and 2, (3)-tetra-(phenylthio) phthalocyanine (H₂Pc(SPh)₄) were synthesized and their photophysical behavior were compared with those of a number of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) derivatives. ZnPc(COOH)(SPh)₃ and ZnPc(SPh)₄ had similar fluorescence (Φ_F=0.14) and triplet state (Φ_T=0.65) quantum yields in dimethylsulfoxide, hence showing no effects of the replacement of one of the phenylthio groups with a carboxylic acid group. ZnPc(COOH)(SPh)₃ displayed a slightly shorter triplet lifetime (τ_T=331 μs) than ZnPc (τ_T=350 μs) in DMSO, but within the range of ZnPc derivatives. The triplet lifetime for ZnPc(COOH)(SPh)₃ is much longer than for the symmetrical derivative (ZnPc(SPh)₄) with τ_T=149 μs in DMSO.     

等能谷间杂质散射对无序层状系统电导率的影响

本文研究了等能谷间杂质散射对无序层状系统电导率的影响,求得了依赖于平面间耦合t的系统的有效维数的电导率修正。并且发现在计及等能谷间杂质散射时,电导率修正比只考虑谷内杂质散射时小一半,我们研究了层伏系统从二维过渡到三维的跨越维数效应,发现跨越行为依赖于谷间散射时间τ′,当t<1/τ(τ₀/τ′)^1/2时,系统具有二维行为,反之系统具有三维特征。 关键词：     

Search for doubly charged Higgs boson pair production in pp¯ collisions at √s=1.96 TeV

We present a search for pair production of doubly charged Higgs bosons in the processes qqˉ→H(++)H(--) decaying through H(±±)→τ(±)τ(±),μ(±)τ(±),μ(±)μ(±). The search is performed in ppˉ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of √s = 1.96 TeV using an integrated luminosity of up to 7.0 fb(-1) collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The results are used to set 95% C.L. limits on the pair production cross section of doubly charged Higgs bosons and on their mass for different H(±±) branching fractions. Models predicting different H(±±) decays are investigated. Assuming B(H(±±)→τ(±)τ(±))=1 yields an observed (expected) lower limit on the mass of a left-handed H(L)(±±) boson of 128 (116) GeV and assuming B(H(±±)→μ(±)τ(±))=1 the corresponding limits are 144 (149) GeV. In a model with B(H(±±)→τ(±)τ(±))=B(H(±±)→μ(±)τ(±))=B(H(±±)→μ(±)μ(±))=1/3, we obtain M(H(L)(±±))>130 (138) GeV.     

圆对称环域Josephson结中的零场台阶

对计及干涉项的描述圆对称环域Josephson结扰动sine-Gordon方程数值研究表明:在无外磁场时,对于内外半径分别为7.5λ_j和12.5λ_j的结,在它的Ⅰ-V特性曲线上呈现两支零场台阶,它们分别对应于单孤子和三孤子激发,双孤子的激发是不稳定的,它仅存在于暂态过程之中,三孤子激发相当于一维结中三孤子的对称模式,且伴随着包括不同振荡周期等的运动不规则性。 关键词：