污泥改性制备污泥水煤浆的中试试验研究

为解决污泥与煤掺混制浆时存在配入量少、污泥水煤浆浓度过低、添加剂用量大、成本高等问题,在实验室开发了污泥复合改性剂与高效改性机相结合的新型污泥改性制备高浓度污泥水煤浆的工艺,并进行了中试制浆试验。结果表明,采用复合改性剂与高效改性机对污泥进行改性,得到的改性污泥黏度比单纯用改性剂得到的改性污泥黏度降低30%以上,这种改性方法完全可以替代流体激波工艺处理污泥。污泥添加量为15%时,污泥水煤浆浓度比不添加改性污泥的普通水煤浆低3%左右,而采用同样污泥改性工艺和优化粒度级配,污泥水煤浆的浓度与普通水煤浆浓度相当,说明采用污泥改性和优化粒度级配可以解决污泥水煤浆浓度低的问题。中试生产线制浆试验结果验证了小试结果和中试装置的可靠性。     

神东煤泥浮选精煤提浓制浆分析

针对神东公司煤泥浮选精煤粒度细、含水率高、灰分低等特点,利用其制备细粉,并与神华煤结合进行水煤浆提浓,在水煤浆中添加木质素改性系、萘系复配和氨基磺酸系添加剂,分析了添加剂种类及用量与浆体表观黏度的关系,确定了与神华煤匹配的添加剂,探讨了最佳匹配药剂对不同浓度浆体的影响。结果表明,神华煤与浮选精煤制浆的最佳级配质量比为85∶15,木质素改性系为最佳匹配药剂;在木质素改性剂质量分数1.0%、浆体表观黏度≤1 300 mPa·s的条件下,制得的煤浆的最高质量分数为65%,浆体的流动性及稳定性均较好。     

印染废水制备水煤浆试验研究

为了利用印染废水代替水煤浆制浆用水和分散剂,采用印染废水和煤样制备水煤浆,并与常规水煤浆成浆性能相比较,结果表明:当改性木质素分散剂质量分数为0.5%时,能够制备出质量分数为60%的常规水煤浆,水煤浆在剪切速率为100 s~(-1)时的表观黏度小于1 200 m Pa·s,且浆体流动性和稳定性好,为屈服假塑性流体;在不添加任何分散剂的情况下,印染废水能与煤样直接制得质量分数为60%的水煤浆,印染废水水煤浆在剪切速率为100 s~(-1)时的表观黏度小于1 200 m Pa·s,仍为屈服假塑性流体;对于采用印染废水制备的水煤浆,可以通过加入少量改性木质素分散剂提高水煤浆浓度;印染废水还能起到一定的固硫作用。     

造纸黑液制水煤浆添加剂的性能研究

用两种造纸黑液稀释后作添加剂制备水煤浆,得出了水煤浆粘度最小时的稀释倍数,通过吸附量的测定考察了黑液最佳稀释倍数与木质素作为添加剂最佳添加量的关系;然后用木质素和腐殖酸做添加剂进行了制浆,结果表明,二者按一定比例复合后制浆性能更好,与单独制浆相比,定粘浓度可分别提高1.8和0.7个百分点.     

新型复配水煤浆添加剂的开发

试验利用萘系添加剂(SNS)、木质素磺酸钠进行复配(SLS),用复配添加剂对低变质程度煤(YSW)进行制浆,并与萘系添加剂和木质素磺酸钠制浆结果进行对比。实验结果表明:萘系添加剂与木质素磺酸钠以9∶1复配时,具有较好的协同作用,在添加量为0.3%时,新型复配添加剂可提高制浆浓度2%~3%,改善浆体稳定性。     

木质素磺酸钠的改性及对煤浆分散性研究

通过正交实验对木质素磺酸钠(SL)和丙烯酰胺(AM)接枝反应的条件进行了优化,考察了合成产物对烟煤成浆浓度、黏度和稳定性的影响.结果表明,当AM与SL质量比为1∶5,温度为40℃,引发剂K2S2O8-NaHSO3含量为3%条件下反应2.5h,得到的产物作为水煤浆分散剂,在添加量为0.8%(占干煤基的比例),煤浆浓度为69%时,黏度为550mPa·s,3d后的穿透率达74.75%;相同情况下使用未经改性的SL为分散剂制浆,黏度为610mPa·s,3d后穿透率为70.68%,明显低于改性分散剂制浆的穿透率,且改性SL所制煤浆同未改性SL所制煤浆的析水率相比也降低了4.45%.     

水煤浆添加剂TS-M1对几种煤成浆效果的试验研究

为了考察复合高效水煤浆添加剂TS-M1在水煤浆制浆中的整体成浆效果,以4种特定的煤种为制浆对象,对煤浆质量分数、黏度、流动性及稳定性等进行了量化分析。试验结果及现场应用情况表明：针对煤气化项目现场的应用条件及4种特定煤种,复合高效水煤浆添加剂TS-M1在常规添加量1‰～4.5‰范围内,可制得最高成浆质量分数分别为64%、63.5%、65%和68%的水煤浆,同时能保持良好的煤浆黏度、流动性及稳定性。     

宁东煤成浆性能的影响因素研究

煤化工企业生产中通常采用生产废水制备水煤浆,以减少生产废水的处理量。以宁东煤为研究对象,以水煤浆黏度和流动性为试验指标,通过试验考察COD、TDS、p H值、添加剂用量等因素对水煤浆成浆性能的影响。试验结果表明:水煤浆黏度较流动性更敏感,当添加剂质量分数为0.25%时,制备的水煤浆黏度、流动性满足气化系统工艺要求;制浆水中的COD含量不仅影响水煤浆黏度,还影响其流变性,正常情况下COD质量浓度应控制在400 mg/L以下;制浆水中COD质量浓度大于400 mg/L时,可通过改变添加剂用量和更换添加剂种类等方法改善浆体性能;p H值和TDS值对水煤浆的影响较小。     

高浓度低阶煤水煤浆添加剂的筛选及应用

为了筛选制备高浓度低阶煤水煤浆适用的添加剂,选取长焰煤、弱黏煤和褐煤为试验原料,将自主研发的以萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物(NSF)为主要成分的高浓度水煤浆专用添加剂MK-1、以木质素磺酸钠为主要成分的市售添加剂AYK及市售添加剂AZM为筛选对象,进行了实验室干法试验、湿法验证放大试验和工业试用,采用自主开发的三峰分形级配制浆工艺对制得的高浓度水煤浆进行成浆性分析。结果表明,对于变质程度较低的煤种,MK-1添加剂效果优于AYK及AZM,使用MK-1添加剂,使陕西长焰煤(ZM)、河南长焰煤(LX)、新疆褐煤(YL)、新疆弱黏煤(YK)最高成浆浓度分别为66.58%、65.35%、63.35%和54.19%;在满足气化生产条件下,达到相同浓度和黏度时,MK-1添加剂比市售AZM添加剂的使用量少50%,可显著降低经济成本。最终确定MK-1添加剂更适于低阶煤制备高浓度水煤浆。     

复配添加剂对榆林地区煤种成浆性的影响

分析了榆林地区低阶烟煤YL、YY煤种的煤质特征,以此煤种为水煤浆原料,采用木质素添加剂时,制浆浓度约61%,增加添加剂用量对提高煤浆浓度效果不明显;采用聚羧酸分散剂AO-1、石油基聚乙烯系列PP-1、萘系等分别与木质素复配的添加剂制浆时,在稳定性、流动性指标满足要求的前提下,制浆浓度可提高至63%。     

复合型水煤浆添加剂的合成与性能研究

探讨了以碱木质素为主要原料合成水煤浆添加剂的原理。采用在引发剂的作用下,对木质素进行磺化缩聚改性,提高了此类添加剂的成浆性能,并通过正交设计实验法确定了复合型水煤浆添加剂DCS的最佳合成工艺条件。不同煤种的成浆实验表明,DCS除具有萘系水煤浆添加剂的良好的分散性能外,还具有良好的稳定性能,是一种性能优良的复合型水煤浆添加剂。DCS添加剂可以提高水煤浆的成浆性能,降低其制浆成本,促进水煤浆技术的推广与发展。     

High-performance dispersant of coal–water slurry synthesized from wheat straw alkali lignin

Environmental concerns have stimulated interest in utilizing plant-derived materials in various industrial fields. The main objective of the present study was to synthesize a new type of high-performance lignin series dispersant of coal–water slurry (CWS) from wheat straw alkali lignin (WAL), and determine the affecting factors in the reaction and the application performance for CWS preparation. The experimental results showed that the inherent viscosity and the sulfonic group content of the modified wheat straw alkali lignin (MSL) are the key factors affecting its dispersing effect for CWS. In the reaction, the reactant mass concentration and the sulfonating agent amount were changed to obtain the MSL with different inherent viscosities and sulfonic group contents, and the MSL with intermediate inherent viscosity (6.0 ml/g) and higher sulfonic group content (1.80 mmol g^− 1) was found to have excellent dispersing effect for CWS. The MSL obtained from optimized process was used as dispersant for CWS preparation, the studies of the properties of CWS showed that MSL has similar dispersing effect with naphtalenesulfonate–formaldehyde condensate, and far better dispersing effect than lignosulphonate. Recently this kind of new dispersant has been applied in several power plants in China.     

Evaluation of treated black liquor used as dispersant of concentrated coal-water slurry

The paper making waste liquor is a great water pollution source and much work has been done over the years to overcome this challenge. We present here a solution of black liquor used as dispersant of coal-water slurry (abbreviated as CWS) following chemical treatment. The treated black liquor (abbreviated as TBL) is used to prepare CWS for three bituminous coals, and the factors influencing its dispersing ability and the properties of CWS are investigated. The results show that the increasing sulfonating agent and formaldehyde dosage increase the sulfonic group content while reducing the molecular weight of TBL. The comparison with a naphthalene dispersant shows that TBL has a similar or better dispersing ability, and the large quantity of sulfonic groups engrafted in lignin molecules and the markedly increase of molecular weight are considered the key reason for the excellent performance of TBL. Moreover, the change of the molecular configuration from globular to flocculent in solution observed by TEM is also considered as an important reason for the excellent dispersing effect of TBL for CWS.     

水煤浆添加剂的发展动向

介绍了日本、美国开发的一系列水煤浆添加剂的特点,并从性能上给予了评价;概述了国内水煤浆添加剂的研究现状,尤其列举了国内有关木质素类添加剂的研究成果。从煤的分散机理方面阐述了聚苯乙烯磺酸钠与亚甲基磺酸盐两类添加剂的差异在于吸附方式的不同,指出了木质素作为水煤浆添加剂的优势及其在我国利用的广阔前景。最后阐述了目前水煤浆添加剂对煤的作用机理的两种理论:双电子层与空间位阻理论;空间位阻与熵斥力作用理论。     

造纸黑液制取水煤浆添加剂的研究

本文考察了造纸黑液处理物和两种添加剂对义马煤成浆性能的影响。在一定条件下 ,将造纸黑液进行磺化、缩合、复配、改性 ,所得产物与其它两种添加剂相比性能良好。其对义马煤所制水煤浆 (煤浆浓度 6 3% )流动性好 ,性能稳定。其与工业 TEAXCO气化装置所用的添加剂 (水剂 )制取的水煤浆性能相近     

添加剂对生物质／煤复合水煤浆成浆性能的影响

研究并制备一种添加牛粪代替部分煤粉的新型水煤浆,并对多种水煤浆添加剂进行筛选,发现添加剂种类及用量,对水煤浆的性能有显著影响。通过实验,最终选出最佳的添加剂使用方案,即将0．3％的木质素磺酸盐OT-4水煤浆添加剂和0．2%的萘磺酸盐水煤浆添加剂复配使用,水煤浆的粘度将降到最低（678mPa·s-1）。     

High-concentration coal–water slurry from Indian coals using newly developed additives

Coal–water slurry (CWS) holds promise to offer a long-term alternative to fuel oil, and also it is being conceived as an attractive fuel for power generation industry in India. The essential requirements of the CWS technology, viz., the additive package, concentration of additives, particle size distribution (PSD) of coal, solids loading, methodology for CWS formulation and its rheological properties, have been discussed and reported here. The effect of the two newly developed anionic additives in the formulation of CWS has been studied. The basic parameters were established taking beneficiated Ledo coal samples with 9.7% ash content. Ball milling of the coal samples in a wet grinding process could produce particle size distributions most suited for highly loaded CWS. Coal loadings to the extent of 70% in the CWS have been achieved using a concentration of 0.8 wt.% (on coal charge) of the naphthalene-based additive referred to as ‘P’. Using 0.9 wt.% of the naphthalene-toluene-based additive denoted as ‘R’, a coal loading of 69% has been achieved. The viscosities of the slurries were found to be below 1000 mPa s. The shelf lives of slurries were found to be 22 and 20 days with the use of additives P and R, respectively, in the CWS formulation. The two additives functioned well in CWS formulation with Sirka coal having relatively higher ash content (14.4%). Using the specified concentration of the additives P and R, the solid loadings of 67% and 65%, respectively, could be obtained under the established parameters. The lower values of solids loading from Sirka coal than that from Ledo coal in CWS formulation may be attributed to the higher percentages of oxygen-containing functional groups (O_OH and O_COOH), ash content and higher O/C ratio of Sirka coal.     

造纸黑液与褐煤制备水煤浆的实验研究

利用造纸黑液和褐煤制备了水煤浆,讨论了最高成浆浓度、流变性、稳定性和加入添加剂种类及用量各因素对黑液煤浆性能的影响.实验结果表明,褐煤和造纸黑液可以制成性能良好的煤浆;制得的煤浆均表现出优越的流变性和稳定性;稀释5倍的黑液制得的煤浆综合性能最好;加入分散剂和稳定剂后,可大幅降低煤浆的黏度,同时也提高了稳定时间.     

低变质程度煤制浆中试试验研究

为研究适合宁东煤制备水煤浆的工艺条件,以水煤浆制备中试装置为基础,通过调整磨机装球比例、添加剂加量试验、可制浆浓度试验、磨机负荷试验,得出了钢球最佳装填量为40%。在此条件下,添加剂加量在0.45%~0.50%,该煤可制取质量分数为62%~63%的煤浆,并能保证较高的磨机生产负荷。     

添加剂与水磁化对水煤浆性能影响的研究

为了分析磁化添加剂或磁化水对水煤浆性能的影响,以鸡西烟煤为研究对象,采用正交实验法,找出磁化强度和磁化时间因素的影响程度和最佳配制条件,并对比了2种情况下水煤浆的性能,最后根据实验中添加剂在煤表面的吸附量,分析了磁化机理。