聚苯胺改性蒙脱土/天然橡胶纳米复合材料的制备与性能

采用原位聚合法制备了聚苯胺质量分数为20% 的聚苯胺改性蒙脱土,并以此作为增强剂利用机械混炼法制备了聚苯胺改性蒙脱土( PANI － MMT) /天然橡胶( NR) 纳米复合材料。使用X 射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪及扫描电镜等对PANI － MMT 和PANI － MMT/NR 复合材料的结构进行了表征,并考察了PANI － MMT/NR 复合材料的力学性能。结果表明,PANI － MMT/NR 复合材料形成了插层型纳米结构; 与普通的有机蒙脱土/NR 复合材料相比,PANI － MMT/NR 复合材料的力学性能明显提高,PANI － MMT 添加质量为20 份时其力学性能达到最好,并超过了添加40 份炭黑N 660 的NR 的力学性能。     

PA6/聚苯胺复合材料的研制

通过共混、原位聚合方法制备尼龙(PA)6/聚苯胺(PANI)复合材料,并利用不同的改性剂改性PA6/PANI复合材料.结果表明,改性复合材料中PANI的微观结构为纳米结构.当采用复合改性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)、1,5-萘二磺酸(1,5-NDA)改性PA6/PANI复合材料时,PANI的分散性最好,且具有较均一的纳米球结构.与未改性PA6/PANI复合材料相比,CTAB-1,5-NDA改性复合材料的电导率有显著提高,当PANI质量分数分别为20%、40%时,复合材料的室温电导率分别可达4.64×10-2S/cm和0.13 S/cm,该复合材料在电极材料方面具有广阔的开发和应用前景.     

原位聚合法制备PANI/RGO导电复合材料的性能

采用原位聚合法制备聚苯胺(PANI)、PANI/氧化石墨烯(GO)复合材料和PANI/还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)复合材料。利用四探针测试仪、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)仪、热重(TG)分析仪和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对PANI及PANI/GO复合材料和PANI/RGO复合材料进行表征。电导率测试结果表明,当加入GO质量分数为50%时,先还原后聚合法制得PANI/RGO复合材料的导电率可达9.916 S/cm,RGO能有效提高复合材料的导电性;XRD和FTIR分析结果表明,GO和RGO都能较好分散在PANI中;TG分析结果表明,将GO还原为RGO后在小于250℃时能有效提高复合材料的热稳定性。通过原位聚合法能将GO和RGO较好分散在PANI中,形成较好的插层型复合材料,尤其是先还原后聚合法制得的PANI/RGO复合材料具有较好的导电性和热稳定性。     

硅烷偶联剂对聚苯胺/Fe_3O_4复合材料结构与性能的影响

利用原位复合法制备了聚苯胺(PANI/)/Fe3O4复合材料,运用紫外光谱、扫描电镜、四探针电阻率仪等测试方法研究了硅烷偶联剂KH-550对PANI/Fe3O4复合材料结构及性能的影响。结果表明:经KH-550处理后的PANI/Fe3O4复合材料的微粒不易团聚,其电导率比未经处理的PANI/Fe3O4复合材料高约1个数量级,且随热处理温度的升高,复合材料的电导率降低,由半导体变为绝缘体;KH-550影响PANI与Fe3O4之间的电荷作用,使复合材料的紫外光谱特征吸收峰产生了一定的位移。     

聚苯胺/镀银四氧化三铁复合材料的制备与表征

以聚苯胺（PANI）为基体,Fe3O4为磁性能给体,通过化学镀的方法在Fe3O4表面包覆一层银单质制备Ag/Fe3O4,并通过化学原位聚合的方法将PANI与Ag/Fe3O4复合,制备导电聚合物电磁双复型复合材料PANI/Ag/Fe3O4。结果表明,当Ag/Fe3O4的添加量为PANI质量的20%时,PANI/Ag/Fe3O4复合材料的电导率为0.85 S/cm,饱和磁化强度为 16.34 emu/g,复合材料的电磁性能得到很好的匹配;Ag/Fe3O4的加入阻碍了PANI的分解,PANI/Ag/Fe3O4复合材料的分解温度升高,热稳定性加强。     

石墨烯/聚苯胺纳米复合材料界面相互作用的分子动力学模拟

石墨烯具有独特的二维结构和优异的力学、电学性能,将其与聚苯胺复合得到的石墨烯/聚苯胺(Gr/PANI)纳米复合材料在微波吸收、超级电容、电子器件等领域具有广泛的应用前景。为研究Gr/PANI纳米复合材料界面相互作用的微观机理,利用分子动力学方法考察了Gr/PANI体系的相互作用能、相互作用构型以及石墨烯与PANI之间的对关联函数。温度、能量演化曲线和相互作用能分析表明,Gr/PANI体系在较短的时间内达到平衡,Gr/PANI体系为热力学稳定体系。相互作用构型显示PANI分子与石墨烯之间存在较强的相互吸引作用。对关联函数分析表明,Gr/PANI纳米复合材料界面存在近程强非键相互作用,较强的界面相互作用主要源于石墨烯与PANI都具有sp²杂化的π共轭结构。     

不锈钢表面PANI/Nd2O3/EP复合涂层的制备与性能

为提高环氧复合涂层在304不锈钢表面的防腐性能,采用原位聚合法将聚苯胺(PANI)和氧化钕(Nd₂O₃)制成PANI/Nd₂O₃复合材料,再将其作为增料剂添加到环氧树脂(EP)中,制得PANI/Nd₂O₃/EP复合涂层。通过改变PANI/Nd₂O₃在环氧树脂中的含量,探究了PANI/Nd₂O₃复合材料对复合涂层的附着力、防腐性能和疏水性能的影响。结果表明：添加适量的PANI/Nd₂O₃复合材料可以提高涂层的附着力,增强其防腐性能及疏水性能。当PANI/Nd₂O₃复合材料的质量分数为4%时,复合涂层的附着力、防腐性能和疏水性能均达到最佳。     

基于PANI/EG层间复合材料的Cd2 电化学传感器

以电化学氧化法制备的膨胀石墨(EG)为碳骨架，采用真空插层辅助原位氧化聚合法，使多孔塔尖状的聚苯胺(PANI)有序包覆生长在EG的石墨片层表面，构建了PANI/EG层间复合材料。采用SEM、TEM、XRD、FTIR、Raman、XPS和BET对PANI/EG复合材料的结构和组成进行表征。以PANI/EG复合材料修饰玻碳电极，采用SWASV法对Cd2 进行检测，通过CV和EIS测试修饰电极的电化学行为。结果表明：PANI/EG复合材料呈层状分级空间结构。EG质量分数为12%的PANI/EG修饰电极对痕量Cd2 检测的敏感度为7.814 μA/μM，检测极限为3.24 nM，检测范围为0.25~6 μM，重复性及抗干扰性良好。     

聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合材料的研究进展

综述了聚苯胺（PANI）/碳纳米管（CNT）复合材料的化学氧化法和电化学聚合法等制备方法,详细介绍了国内外关于PANI/CNT复合材料在电容、生物传感、甲醇氧化3方面的研究进展,并对该类复合材料的应用和发展前景进行了展望。     

MWCNT/Fe-Co/PANI复合材料的制备及其电催化性能

以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为载体,通过化学悬浮聚合法制备碳纳米管/铁-钴/聚苯胺(MWCNT/Fe-Co/PANI)三重复合材料,并用作染料敏化太阳能电池对电极.通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和X-射线衍射法(XRD)等对所制MWCNT/Fe -Co/PANI复合材料进行表征,结果表明:MWCNT/Fe-Co/PANI复合材料呈微观多乳网状结构,Fe-Co纳米合金颗粒负载于MWCNTs上,PANI对MWCNT/Fe-Co又进行了管外键联及包覆.通过三电极系统测试了MWCNT/Fe-Co/PANI复合电极在I-3/I-电解质中的循环伏安曲线,结果显示:复合电极具有很好的电催化效果.MWCNTs与PANI形成的规则结构可促进对电解质的吸附,而Fe-Co纳米合金则增强了电极的催化效应.     

Synergistic effect of polyaniline and multiwalled carbon nanotube on the microstructure and the electric property in PP/PANI/MWNT composites

In this article, the volume conductivity of polypropylene (PP)/polyaniline (PANI)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composites was detected. When the ratio of PANI protonated with dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid (PANI‐DBSA) to MWNT is 2 to 3 and 3 to 17, the volume conductivity of the two composites is much higher than that of composites filled with solely PANI‐DBSA or MWNT. The synergistic effects of PANI‐DBSA and MWNT on the microstructure and the electric property of PP/PANI/MWNT composites were carefully analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy. The SEM results illuminate that the dispersion and the continuity of the composites filled with PANI‐DBSA and MWNT are far better than that filled with only PANI‐DBSA or MWNT. Especially, the dispersion and continuity of PP/PANI/MWNT 5, in which the ratio of PANI‐DBSA to MWNT is 3 to 17, are the best among all the composites. When PANI‐DBSA is introduced in PP/PANI/MWNT composites, the size of agglomerated particles decreases, and the dispersion of conductive particles is improved evidently. Therefore, there is a synergistic action of PANI‐DBSA and MWNT, which is used to improve the dispersion of conductive particles and the volume conductivity of the PP/PANI/MWNT composites. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

High dielectric constant polyaniline/epoxy composites via in situ polymerization for embedded capacitor applications

Polyaniline (PANI)/epoxy composites with different polyaniline (PANI) contents were successfully developed by in situ polymerization of aniline salt protonated with camphorsulfonic acid within epoxy matrices and fully characterized. The influence of PANI loading levels on various properties was also explored. Dielectric and electrical properties of PANI/epoxy composites were studied for samples in parallel plate configuration. A PANI/epoxy composite prepared in this fashion reached a high dielectric constant close to 3000, a dielectric loss tangent less than 0.5 at room temperature and 10 kHz. The hardener type was also found as a critical parameter for the dielectric properties of PANI/epoxy composites. The distribution of the conductive element clusters within the polymer matrix was studied by SEM and correlated to the dielectric behavior of the composite films.     

Electrically conductive composites based on epoxy resin containing polyaniline–DBSA‐ and polyaniline–DBSA‐coated glass fibers

Four kinds of polyaniline (PANI)‐coated glass fibers (GF–PANI) combined with bulk PANI particles were synthesized. GF–PANI fillers containing different PANI contents were incorporated into an epoxy–anhydride system. The best conductivity behavior of the epoxy/GF–PANI composites was obtained with a GF–PANI filler containing 80% PANI. Such a composite shows the lowest percolation threshold at about 20% GF–PANI or 16% PANI (glass fiber‐free basis). The PANI‐coated glass fibers act as conductive bridges, interconnecting PANI particles in the epoxy matrix, thus contributing to the improvement of the conductivity of the composite and the lower percolation threshold, compared with that of a epoxy/PANI–powder composite. Particularly, the presence of glass fibers significantly improves the mechanical properties, for example, the modulus and strength of the conductive epoxy composites. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 1329–1334, 2004     

Effects of chlorinated polypropylene on the hydrogen‐bond and electric property of polypropylene/chlorinated polypropylene/polyaniline composites: FTIR analysis

In this article, the volume resistivity of polypropylene (PP)/chlorinated polypropylene (CPP)/polyaniline (PANI) composites was detected. The results show that thevolume resistivity of PP/CPP/PANI composites decreases with increasing CPP content, and there exists a minimum volume resistivity. The relationship between volume resistivity of the PP/CPP/PANI composites and CPP content can be explained by Fourier‐transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Effects of CPP on the formation of the intermolecular and innermolecular hydrogen‐bond in the PP/CPP/PANI composites were carefully investigated by FTIR. An iterative least‐squares computer program was adopted to obtain the best FTIR fit curves of the PP/CPP/PANI composites by varying the wavenumber (ν), width at half‐height (w_1/2), and area (S) of several bands. The obtained semiquantitative results illuminate that the intermolecular and innermolecular H‐bonded interaction of the PANI‐DBSA is weakened by the introduction of CPP; the interactional strength between PANI‐DBSA and CPP increases with increasing CPP content, and there exists a maximum, which is favorable to disperse well PANI‐DBSA in PP/CPP/PANI composites and improve the conductive property of the PP/CPP/PANI composites. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the electrochemical performance of graphene nanocomposites for supercapacitor electrodes

In this work, multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) bonded graphene (M-GR) composites were prepared using the chemical reduction of graphite oxide (GO) and acid treated MWNTs with different ratios. The M-GR/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites (M-GR/PANI) were prepared using oxidation polymerization. The effect of the M-GR ratio on the electrochemical performances of the M-GR/PANI was investigated. It was found that the substrate 2D graphene was coated with 1D MWNTs by chemical reduction and the M-GR was further coated with PANI, leading to increased electrical properties by the π–π interaction between the M-GR and PANI. In addition, the electrochemical performances, such as the current density, charge–discharge, and specific capacitance of the M-GR/PANI were higher than those of graphene/PANI and the highest specific capacitance (1118 F/g) of the composites was obtained at a scan rate of 0.1 A/g for the PANI containing a 0.5 M-GR ratio compared to 191 F/g for the graphene/PANI. The dispersion of the MWNTs onto the graphene surface and the ratio of M-GR had a pronounced effect on the electrochemical performance of the PANI-based composites, which was attributed to the highly conductive pathway created by the M-GR incorporated in the PANI-based composites and the synergistic effect between M-GR and PANI.     

PANI/TIO复合材料的制备及其在聚氨酯涂料中的应用

采用原位聚合的方法在锑掺杂氧化锡/氧化钛复合材料（TIO）上包覆一层完整的聚苯胺（PANI）膜,成功制备了PANI/TIO复合材料,将其作为水性聚氨酯涂料的填料,制备了水性聚氨酯导电涂料。利用X射线粉末衍射、透射电镜、红外光谱等分析方法对复合材料进行表征,利用涂层机械性能测试对导电涂料进行了测试。同时得到了制备PANI/TIO三元复合材料的最佳工艺条件：苯胺（An）包覆量为15%、m(An)/m[磺基水杨酸（SSA）]=0.4、m(An)/m[过硫酸铵（APS）]=3。在最佳工艺条件下,得到的PANI/TIO复合材料体积电阻率为15.3Ω·cm。实验结果表明：当填料比为15%时涂层机械性能最佳,硬度为2B、耐冲击力为50 cm、附着力为1级、涂层表面电阻为3.56×105Ω/m2,该导电涂料有较好的应用前景。     

Ultrasonic characterization of conductive epoxy resin/polyaniline composites

This study presents the ultrasonic characterization of conductive epoxy resin (ER)/polyaniline (PANI) composites. The prepared PANI is mixed with ER matrix at weight percentages of 5%, 10%, and 15% for preparing the ER/PANI composites. The effects of PANI amount on the mechanical properties of ER/PANI composites are investigated by ultrasonic pulse‐echo‐overlap method. Also, electrical conductivity, ultrasonic wave velocity and ultrasonic micro‐hardness values of ER/PANI composites are correlated. Experimental results show that there is an excellent correlation between ultrasonic micro‐hardness and ultrasonic shear wave velocity. Also, the results of ultrasonic velocities and elastic constants values illustrate that the appropriate combination ratio is 95 : 5 for ER and PANI in ER/PANI composites. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42748.     

High Thermal Conductivity Nanocomposites Based on Conductive Polyaniline Nanowire Arrays on Boron Nitride

With the development of soft electronics, conductive composites are garnering an increasing amount of attention. The electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and electrical stability of conductive composites are all very important. In particular, the thermal conductivity of conductive composites is critical to the stability of their conductive properties. However, little is reported on thermal management in conductive systems. Herein, sufficiently hydroxylated boron nitride nanosheets (BN‐OH)@polyaniline (PANI) composite nanosheets with a high thermal conductivity and outstanding conductance stability are reported. PANI nanowire arrays are aligned vertically on BN‐OH. This well‐ordered nanostructure provides the means to form a good conductive and thermally conductive path. Notably, the composite through‐plane thermal conductivity is 2.1 W m^?1 K^?1(≈1000% that of pure PANI) and that the resistivity of the composite is 1.38 Ω cm. Importantly, the resistivity of the composite remains unchanged after 1 h of work. The results show that this composite has prospective applications for use in soft electronics.     

Control of Conductive and Mechanical Performances of Poly(Amide‐Imide) Composite Films Utilizing Synergistic Effect of Polyaniline and Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotube

Functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (FMWCNTs) have been incorporated into binary composites of poly(amide‐imide) (PAI) and polyaniline (PANI) to improve their conductive and mechanical performances. The conductivity of PAI/PANI/FMWCNTs ternary composites significantly increased from 10^?3 to 8.3 S m^?1 with increasing the weight ratio of FMWCNTs from 0 to 10 wt%, which is much higher than that of the sum of PAI/PANI and PAI/FMWCNTs binary composites. The enhanced conductivity is mainly ascribed to be the more intensive conductive percolating network formed in the PAI/PANI/FMWCNTs ternary composites due to the hydrogen bond interaction among PAI, PANI and FMWCNTs. On the other hand, the tensile strength has been improved by 40% from 25 to 35 MPa. The self‐extinguishing property and phase transition of the ternary films have also been investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. It is found that the weight ratio of FMWCNTs and the special morphology are the two important factors that induce such unusual properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E224–E230, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers