粗糙模糊集的构造与公理化方法

用构造性方法和公理化研究了粗糙模糊集．由一个一般的二元经典关系出发构造性地定义了一对对偶的粗糙模糊近似算子，讨论了粗糙模糊近似算子的性质，并且由各种类型的二元关系通过构造得到了各种类型的粗糙模糊集代数．在公理化方法中，用公理形式定义了粗糙模糊近似算子，各种类型的粗糙模糊集代数可以被各种不同的公理集所刻画．阐明了近似算子的公理集可以保证找到相应的二元经典关系，使得由关系通过构造性方法定义的粗糙模糊近似算子恰好就是用公理化定义的近似算子。     

一种覆盖粗糙模糊集模型

粗糙集扩展模型的研究是粗糙集理论研究的一个重要问题.其中,基于覆盖的粗糙集模型扩展是粗糙集扩展模型中的重要一类.覆盖近似空间中的概念近似是从覆盖近似空间中获取知识的关键.目前,研究者对覆盖近似空间中经典集合的近似进行了较多的研究.针对覆盖近似空间中模糊集合的近似,虽然不同的覆盖粗糙模糊集模型被提了出来,但它们都存在不合理性.从规则的置信度出发,提出了一种新的覆盖粗糙模糊集模型.该模型修正了已有模型中存在对象在下近似中不确定可分和上近似中不近似可分的问题.分析了具有偏序关系的两个覆盖近似空间中上、下近似之间的关系,发现两个不同覆盖生成相同覆盖粗糙模糊集的充要条件是这两个覆盖的约简恒等.分析了新模型与Wei模型、Xu模型之间的关系,发现这两种模型是新模型的两种极端情况,且其应用前提是覆盖为一元覆盖.这些结论将为覆盖粗糙模糊集模型应用于决策为模糊的情形提供理论基础.     

一种覆盖粗糙模糊集模型

粗糙集扩展模型的研究是粗糙集理论研究的一个重要问题.其中,基于覆盖的粗糙集模型扩展是粗糙集 扩展模型中的重要一类.覆盖近似空间中的概念近似是从覆盖近似空间中获取知识的关键.目前,研究者对覆盖近似空间中经典集合的近似进行了较多的研究.针对覆盖近似空间中模糊集合的近似,虽然不同的覆盖粗糙模糊集模型 被提了出来,但它们都存在不合理性.从规则的置信度出发,提出了一种新的覆盖粗糙模糊集模型.该模型修正了已 有模型中存在对象在下近似中不确定可分和上近似中不近似可分的问题.分析了具有偏序关系的两个覆盖近似空 间中上、下近似之间的关系,发现两个不同覆盖生成相同覆盖粗糙模糊集的充要条件是这两个覆盖的约简恒等.分 析了新模型与Wei 模型、Xu 模型之间的关系,发现这两种模型是新模型的两种极端情况,且其应用前提是覆盖为一 元覆盖.这些结论将为覆盖粗糙模糊集模型应用于决策为模糊的情形提供理论基础.     

模糊集和粗糙集的集成研究

模糊集和粗糙集理论在含有不确定性知识的领域中具有广泛的应用。两者所具有的各自特点及其互补性,使得它们的结合是必然的。讨论了关于模糊集和粗糙集的基本问题,在分析了模糊集、粗糙集和经典集合之间的关系后,给出因它们的集成而产生的模糊粗糙集和粗糙模糊集概念。最后结合具体实例讨论了模糊粗糙集和粗糙模糊集的应用。     

粗糙模糊集的近似表示

粗糙模糊集是利用粗糙集的 Pawlak 知识空间来近似刻画一个模糊集（不确定概念）的理论模型．粗糙模糊集用上、下近似模糊集作为目标概念的边界模糊集,它没有给出在当前知识基下如何得到目标模糊概念的近似模糊集或近似精确集的方法．文中首先给出模糊集的相似度（近似度）的概念,定义了 Pawlak 知识空间U／R 下的阶梯模糊集、均值模糊集、0．5-精确集等概念;然后分析得出U／R 知识空间下的均值模糊集是所有阶梯模糊集中与目标模糊集最接近的模糊集,U／R 知识空间下0．5-精确集是目标模糊集最接近的近似精确集;分析了均值模糊集、0．5-精确集分别与目标模糊集之间的相似度随知识粒度变化的变化规律．从新的视角提出了不确定性目标概念的近似表示和处理的方法,促进了不确定人工智能的发展．     

一种新的覆盖粗糙模糊集模型

在覆盖粗糙集与模糊集结合的研究中,已有的覆盖粗糙模糊集模型存在两类问题:一类是元素的上、下近似隶属度之间的差值通常过大;另一类是元素的上、下近似隶属度与其在给定模糊集中的隶属度无关.对此,通过定义模糊覆盖粗糙隶属度,将元素的最小描述与给定模糊集建立联系,同时综合元素在给定模糊集中的隶属度,进而建立一个新的覆盖粗糙模糊集模型.理论比较和实验结果均表明该模型可以有效解决上述两类问题.     

覆盖粗糙模糊集的不确定性研究

不确定性度量是粗糙集理论中的基础问题之一。粗糙模糊集的不确定性一方面来自上、下近似集间差异产生的粗糙性,另一方面来自概念外延不清晰产生的模糊性。目前对于粗糙模糊集的不确定性研究仍不够透彻。针对覆盖近似空间下的粗糙模糊集不确定性,提出更加严格的度量修正准则,并借助上、下近似集隶属度与原模糊集隶属度之间的差异,给出修正粗糙度的概念。算例分析表明该方法能够更加准确地刻画实际问题。     

代价敏感的多粒度邻域粗糙模糊集的近似表示

多粒度邻域粗糙集是邻域粗糙集理论的一种新型数据处理模式,其目标概念分别由乐观和悲观的上、下近似边界描述。但当前的多粒度邻域粗糙集既缺乏利用已有的信息粒近似描述目标概念的方法,又无法处理目标概念为模糊的情形。而张清华教授提出的粗糙集近似理论提供了一种利用已有信息粒近似描述知识的方法,为构建多粒度邻域粗糙模糊集的近似精确集提供了新思路。文中首先针对模糊目标概念,将粗糙集近似理论应用到邻域粗糙集领域,提出了代价敏感的邻域粗糙模糊集的近似表示模型;然后进一步从多粒度视角,构建出一种代价敏感的邻域粗糙模糊集的多粒度近似表示模型,并分析了其相关性质;最后,通过实验仿真,验证了当多粒度代价敏感近似及其上、下近似方法分别去近似刻画模糊目标概念时,多粒度代价敏感近似方法产生的误分类代价最小。     

粗糙近似算子的公理化刻画:综述

从近似空间导出的一对下近似算子与上近似算子是粗糙集理论研究与应用发展的核心基础,近似算子的公理化刻画是粗糙集的理论研究的主要方向.文中回顾基于二元关系的各种经典粗糙近似算子、粗糙模糊近似算子和模糊粗糙近似算子的构造性定义,总结与分析这些近似算子的公理化刻画研究的进展.最后,展望粗糙近似算子的公理化刻画的进一步研究和与其它数学结构之间关系的研究.     

优势关系下变精度与程度“逻辑且”粗糙模糊集

在优势关系下将变精度粗糙模糊集与程度粗糙模糊集融合起来,建立了一种基于"逻辑且"的粗糙模糊集模型,并给出了近似区域及边界区域的精确刻画。此模型克服了传统"逻辑且"粗糙模型不能解决模糊对象的问题,使得变精度与程度粗糙集具有更广的应用领域。同时,深入研究了该模型的重要性质。最后,通过员工考核的案例给出了模型具体求解方法和研究意义。序信息系统下变精度与程度的"逻辑且"粗糙模糊集是经典粗糙集理论的延伸和推广,为序信息系统的知识发现提供了新的理论基础。     

基于Lukasiewicz三角模及其剩余蕴涵的模糊粗糙集

讨论基于Lukasiewicz三角模及其剩余蕴涵的模糊粗糙集模型,研究了相应模糊粗糙集的代数性质,证明了自反模糊关系下该模型中的下近似集构成一个模糊拓扑,且上、下近似算子恰为其闭包及内部算子。     

On generalized intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators

In rough set theory, the lower and upper approximation operators defined by binary relations satisfy many interesting properties. Various generalizations of Pawlak’s rough approximations have been made in the literature over the years. This paper proposes a general framework for the study of relation-based intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators within which both constructive and axiomatic approaches are used. In the constructive approach, a pair of lower and upper intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators induced from an arbitrary intuitionistic fuzzy relation are defined. Basic properties of the intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are then examined. By introducing cut sets of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, classical representations of intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are presented. The connections between special intuitionistic fuzzy relations and intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are further established. Finally, an operator-oriented characterization of intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets is proposed, that is, intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are defined by axioms. Different axiom sets of lower and upper intuitionistic fuzzy set-theoretic operators guarantee the existence of different types of intuitionistic fuzzy relations which produce the same operators.     

可换双剩余格上的广义模糊粗糙集及其公理化

双剩余格是t-模、t-余模、模糊剩余蕴涵及其对偶算子的代数抽象,基于格的L-模糊关系是普通模糊关系的推广。作为Pawlak经典粗糙集及多种模糊粗糙集模型的共同推广,提出了一种基于可换双剩余格及L-模糊关系的广义模糊粗糙集模型,引入了正则可换双剩余格的概念,并给出了基于正则可换双剩余格的广义模糊粗糙上、下近似算子的公理系统,推广了多个文献中已有的结果。     

二型模糊粗糙集

基于二型模糊关系,研究二型模糊粗糙集.首先,在二型模糊近似空间中定义了二型模糊集的上近似和下近似;然后,研究二型模糊粗糙上下近似算子的基本性质,讨论二型模糊关系与二型模糊粗糙近似算子的特征联系;最后,给出二型模糊粗糙近似算子的公理化描述.     

Characterization of rough set approximations in Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy set theory

The primitive notions in rough set theory are lower and upper approximation operators defined by a fixed binary relation and satisfying many interesting properties. Many types of generalized rough set models have been proposed in the literature. This paper discusses the rough approximations of Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy sets in crisp and fuzzy approximation spaces in which both constructive and axiomatic approaches are used. In the constructive approach, concepts of rough intuitionistic fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets are defined, properties of rough intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operators and intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are examined. Different classes of rough intuitionistic fuzzy set algebras and intuitionistic fuzzy rough set algebras are obtained from different types of fuzzy relations. In the axiomatic approach, an operator-oriented characterization of rough sets is proposed, that is, rough intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operators and intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are defined by axioms. Different axiom sets of upper and lower intuitionistic fuzzy set-theoretic operators guarantee the existence of different types of crisp/fuzzy relations which produce the same operators.     

The axiomatic characterizations on L-generalized fuzzy neighborhood system-based approximation operators

The rough sets based on L-fuzzy relations and L-fuzzy coverings are the two most well-known L-fuzzy rough sets. Quite recently, we prove that some of these rough sets can be unified into one framework—rough sets based on L-generalized fuzzy neighborhood systems. So, the study on the rough sets based on L-generalized fuzzy neighborhood system has more general significance. Axiomatic characterization is the foundation of L-fuzzy rough set theory: the axiom sets of approximation operators guarantee the existence of L-fuzzy relations, L-fuzzy coverings that reproduce the approximation operators. In this paper, we shall give an axiomatic study on L-generalized fuzzy neighborhood system-based approximation operators. In particular, we will seek the axiomatic sets to characterize the approximation operators generated by serial, reflexive, unary and transitive L-generalized fuzzy neighborhood systems, respectively.     

Measures of general fuzzy rough sets on a probabilistic space

Fuzzy rough set is a generalization of crisp rough set, which deals with both fuzziness and vagueness in data. The measures of fuzzy rough sets aim to dig its numeral characters in order to analyze data effectively. In this paper we first develop a method to compute the cardinality of fuzzy set on a probabilistic space, and then propose a real number valued function for each approximation operator of the general fuzzy rough sets on a probabilistic space to measure its approximate accuracy. The functions of lower and upper approximation operators are natural generalizations of the belief function and plausibility function in Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence, respectively. By using these functions, accuracy measure, roughness degree, dependency function, entropy and conditional entropy of general fuzzy rough set are proposed, and the relative reduction of fuzzy decision system is also developed by using the dependency function and characterized by the conditional entropy. At last, these measure functions for approximation operators are characterized by axiomatic approaches.     

On characterization of intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets based on intuitionistic fuzzy implicators

This paper presents a general framework for the study of relation-based (I,T)-intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets by using constructive and axiomatic approaches. In the constructive approach, by employing an intuitionistic fuzzy implicator I and an intuitionistic fuzzy triangle norm T, lower and upper approximations of intuitionistic fuzzy sets with respect to an intuitionistic fuzzy approximation space are first defined. Properties of (I,T)-intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are examined. The connections between special types of intuitionistic fuzzy relations and properties of intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operators are established. In the axiomatic approach, an operator-oriented characterization of (I,T)-intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets is proposed. Different axiom sets characterizing the essential properties of intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operators associated with various intuitionistic fuzzy relations are explored.     

积模糊粗集模型及其模糊知识粒的表示和分解

为处理人工智能中不精确和不确定的数据和知识,Pawlak提出了粗集理论。之后粗集理论被推广,其方法主要有二:一是减弱对等价关系的依赖;二是把研究问题的论域从一个拓展到多个。结合这两种思想,研究基于两个模糊近似空间的积模糊粗集模型及其模糊粗糙集的表示和分解。根据这种思想,可以从论域分解的角度探索降低高维模糊粗糙集计算的复杂度问题。先对模糊近似空间的分层递阶结构———λ-截近似空间进行研究,得到不同层次知识粒的相互关系;然后定义模糊等价关系的积,并研究其性质及算法;最后构建基于积模糊等价关系的积模糊粗集模型,并讨论了该模型中模糊粗糙集的表示及分解问题,分别从λ-截近似空间和一维模糊近似空间的角度去处理,给出了可分解集的上(下)近似的一个刻画,及模糊可分解集的上(下)近似的λ-截集分解算法。