老年男性性激素与骨密度测定

目的　为了解老年男性的骨密度和性激素水平,以探讨性激素在老年男性骨质疏松症发病机理中的作用。方法　６３ 例老年男性分为骨质疏松组与非骨质疏松组,测定骨密度（ＢＭＤ）、血清睾酮（Ｔ）、雌二醇（Ｅ２）、黄体生成素（ＬＨ）、促卵泡刺激素（ＦＳＨ）水平,并与３７ 例青年男性对照。结果　老年男性之ＢＭ Ｄ、Ｔ、Ｅ２ 明显低于青年对照组,而ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ 增高明显。老年男性骨质疏松症的发病率为３９．６８％ 。骨质疏松组与非骨质疏松组比较,Ｔ、Ｅ２ 明显降低,ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ 明显增高,尤以Ｔ 降低明显。结论　由于增龄性激素不足引致骨丢失,雄激素降低可能是老年男性骨质疏松症的主要原因。     

老年男性骨质疏松症骨代谢指标与骨密度的初步研究

骨质疏松症是老年人的常见病，易致骨折并严重影响老年人的生活质量及健康。女性骨质疏松的发生与绝经有密切关系，而男性骨疏松是与年龄有关的综合因素所致。本文对老年男性骨质疏松患者进行了骨密度及有关骨代谢指标测定，以探讨其性激素，钙调节液素与骨密度的关系。１...     

中老年人性激素与骨密度关系初步探讨

本文诵过对332例正常中老年人血清性激素放射免疫分析与单光子骨密度的测定旨在探讨中老年人骨矿物质丢失与血清性激素水平的关系。结果表明男性145人中12人(8．3%)血清睾酮含量低于正常标准．这12人骨密度明显低于正常标准，女性187人中75人(40％)血清雌二醇含量低于正常标准，而这75人中49人骨密度明显低于正常。血清睾酮含量低于正常标准之男性全部显示骨密度明显降低(100%)而女性仅49人(65％）显示骨密度明显降低。故可以认为中老年人骨矿物质丢失量与血清性激素含量呈负相关。     

新疆老年男性骨转化生化标志物及性激素与骨质疏松症的相关性研究

目的探讨新疆老年男性骨转换生化标志物及性激素水平与原发性骨质疏松症的关系。方法采用双能X线骨密度仪检测146例老年男性患者腰椎、左侧股骨骨密度(BMD),平均年龄:72.4±7.9岁,基于骨密度T值分为骨量正常组(75例)和骨量异常组(71例),采用酶联免疫法测定Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端原肽(PINP)和Ⅰ型胶原C末端肽(CTX),放射免疫法测定雌二醇(E2)和睾酮(T),比较两组骨转换生化指标和性激素水平是否存在差异及其与骨密度的相关性。结果 1 PINP与CTX在骨量正常组和骨量异常组差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);两者偏相关分析呈显著正相关(r=0.746 P=0.000)。2雌二醇、睾酮在两组中比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。骨量异常组雌二醇(17.48±7.61)低于骨量正常组(21.31±11.43),t=2.391,P=0.018;骨量异常组睾酮(3.50±1.02)低于骨量正常组(3.98±1.43),t=2.331,P=0.021。3汉族人群左侧髋关节骨密度高于维吾尔族人群,除Inter Tro部位外,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);年龄与髋关节各部位骨密度呈显著负相关。结论性激素水平降低可能是影响男性骨量减少的一个重要危险因素,而雌激素可能占主要地位;随着年龄的增加,老年男性髋关节骨密度呈下降趋势,测定左侧髋关节骨密度对诊断骨质疏松症有着重要意义。     

2111例上海健康女性骨密度值测定与年龄相关骨丢失的研究

目的　建立上海市健康女性骨密度 (BMD)参考值数据库 ,为骨质疏松症的诊断及防治效果评估提供依据。方法　选取健康女性 2 111例 ,为上海市区的居民 ,汉族 ,年龄 2 0～ 84岁 ,分为13组。研究对象均详细填写健康调查表格 ,排除因继发性骨病或服用影响骨代谢药物 ,以及一些特殊职业者。用双能X线吸收仪 (HologicQDR - 2 0 0 0型 )测定所有对象的腰椎 (L1 - 4)、股骨颈 (Neck)、大转子 (Troch)、粗隆间 (Inter)及Ward’s三角区部位的BMD值。结果　峰值骨量 (PBM)出现的年龄段如下 :腰椎为 30～ 34岁 ,股骨近端为 2 0～ 2 4岁。此后 ,随年龄增长而BMD值下降 ,但在 4 0～ 4 4岁时BMD值均有较明显回升 (但低于各部位峰值 ) ,呈“沟壑状”。绝经后妇女在绝经后头 10年及 2 6～30年时有两个骨量快速丢失期 ,前者见于腰椎和股骨上端 ,年丢失率为 1 4 %～ 3 2 % ,后者仅见于股骨上端 ,年丢失率为 1 1%～ 1 4 %。腰椎部位BMD值在 75～ 79岁组略有回升。各部位骨量累积丢失率随年龄增长而增加。到 80岁时 ,各部位的骨量累积丢失为 2 8%～ 5 8% (比PBM)。骨质疏松症检出率在腰椎和Ward’s两部位最高 ,在 6 0～ 6 4岁组分别达 4 8%和 4 3% (以WHO诊断标准 ,T score<2 5SD)。 75岁以后 ,Ward’s部位检出率达 83%。结论     

缺氧诱导因子抑制剂对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症治疗效果的研究

目的研究缺氧诱导因子抑制剂对卵巢切除(ovariectomized,OVX)雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠的治疗效果,比较缺氧诱导因子抑制剂对骨密度的影响。方法在大鼠卵巢切除12周后,使用缺氧诱导因子抑制剂进行治疗。治疗8周后,在实验结束时将大鼠进行安乐死处理,获取大鼠血清、股骨和胫骨。通过生物力学测试,Micro-CT扫描和血清生化分析进行评估。结果与未给药的OVX大鼠相比,缺氧诱导因子抑制剂的全身给药显著降低了骨代谢指标Ⅰ型前胶原氨基末端前肽(type I collagen N terminal peptide,PINP)和Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽(type I collagen carboxy-terminal peptide,CTX-I),增加了大鼠胫骨骨密度(bone mineral density, BMD),增强了股骨极限载荷、能量和刚度,差异比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论缺氧诱导因子抑制剂能有效改善OVX诱导的骨质疏松症。     

补肾中药对骨质疏松大鼠性激素影响的实验研究

目的　探讨补肾中药骨康对去势所造成骨质疏松大鼠性激素及骨密度的影响及性激素水平在骨质疏松发病中的作用。方法　通过切除大鼠睾丸和卵巢造成骨质疏松模型,观察中药骨康不同剂量对骨质疏松大鼠血睾酮（Ｔ）、血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）、ＢＭＤ 和ＢＭＣ的影响,并与特乐定、尼尔雌醇作阳性对照。结果　中药骨康高、中剂量防治的去势大鼠Ｔ 含量高于模型组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５ 和０．０１）,高、中、低剂量组的Ｅ２、全身及左、右股骨ＢＭＤ、ＢＭＣ高于模型组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。结论　骨康能提高去势大鼠血性激素含量、骨的骨矿含量及骨密度,其提高骨矿含量及骨密度的作用可能与其提高性激素水平有关。     

运动对骨密度的影响

原发性骨质疏松症是以骨量减少,骨组织显微结构退化(松质骨小梁变细、断裂、数量减少;皮质骨多孔、变薄)为特征,骨的脆性增高及骨折危险性增加的一种全身性骨病,其发生机制有两点,其一骨峰值低,其二骨质丢失速度快,许多患者同时具备这两个因素[1]。近年来,运动对骨密度(BMD)的影响及对骨质疏松的防治已日益受到人们的关注。现将有关运动对骨密度的影响的研究结果综述如下。1运动对各年龄期人群的骨密度都有不同程度的影响运动影响骨密度的机制主要是通过增加骨机械负荷,高水平的运动产生相对高的负荷,负荷作用于骨使其产生应变,而应变的大…     

去卵巢后大鼠不同部位的骨组织计量学与骨密度研究

目的 观察大鼠去除卵巢后不同部位骨的骨组织计量学参数与骨密度以及两之间的相关性。方法 分别进行卵巢去除和伪手术，56d时处死大鼠，取离体胫骨，股骨测量骨密度与组织学参数%Tb.Ar,Tb.Th,Tb.N。结果 OVX后5d时，股骨远端和胫胫骨近端大部分骨组织计量学参数下降；全股骨和股骨远端1/3处骨密度降低；股骨部分骨组织计量学参数与骨密度测量值之间存在正相关性且差异有显性。结论 切除大鼠卵巢56d时，大鼠骨组织计量学参数下降显，骨密度测量以股骨较为敏感，骨组织计量学与骨密度测量值之间的相关性以股骨明显。     

骨形态计量学对增龄及去睾丸大鼠骨代谢的实验研究

目的 探讨３月半龄雄性大鼠增龄及去睾丸后骨量的变化,比较两之间骨代谢的变化。方法 ２０只３月半龄ＳＤ雄性大鼠,随机分成基础对照组、年龄对照组和去睾丸组,同等条件下饲养９０天。实验结束,取胫骨近端行不脱钙骨制片进行骨组织形态计量学分析。结果 年龄对照组（６月半龄）与基础对照组（３月半龄）相比,骨组织静态参数骨小梁面积百分率有下降趋势,骨的显微结构明显变差,动态参数如荧光标记周长百分率、骨形成率和单     

氰戊菊酯对大鼠精子及生殖激素的影响

目的探讨氰戊菊酯(Fen)对雄性大鼠精子计数、活力以及生殖激素的影响。方法成年雄性SD大鼠,分别以0、20、40、80mg/kg剂量的Fen连续灌胃染毒15和30d,按常规方法进行精子计数和精子活力检测,应用放射免疫法和化学发光免疫法测定大鼠血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)、雌二醇(E2)和睾丸匀浆中T、E2水平。结果Fen染毒15d时,与0mg/kg组相比,40mg/kg剂量组精子数量明显减少(P<0.01),20和40mg/kg组睾丸匀浆中T水平显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),血清LH、FSH水平随染毒剂量的增加而升高,且FSH水平和染毒剂量有显著的剂量-效应关系(P<0.05);Fen染毒至30d时,各组间精子数量差异不显著,与0mg/kg组相比,40mg/kg剂量组(a+b)级精子活力显著降低(P<0.05),血清LH、FSH水平随染毒剂量的增加而升高,但差异不显著。结论Fen对雄性大鼠有明显的生殖毒性作用,能够改变血清和睾丸中的生殖激素水平。     

男性肝移植受者血清性激素水平及性功能的研究

目的 探讨男性肝移植受者术后血清性激素恢复过程及性生活质量.方法 采集69例原发病为良性肝病的已婚男性肝脏移植受者移植前后1～6个月血清标本,采用放射免疫法分析测定血清睾酮、雌二醇,采用酶联免疫吸附法性激素结合球蛋白的浓度,选择同期本院健康已婚体检男性23例为健康对照组.随访研究组69例肝移植术后存活半年以上的24～45岁患者的性功能状态.结果 患者肝移植术前血清雌二醇和性激素结合球蛋白明显高于健康对照组(雌二醇:87.56±31.21 vs.26.00±9.12,u=9.30,P＜0.0001,性激素结合球蛋白:134.50±30.68 vs.51.04±12.05,u=12.69,P＜O.0001)；睾酮明显低于健康对照组(睾酮:2.02±1.28 vs.4.82±1.48,u=-8.73,P＜0.0001)；与患者术前终末期肝病模型评分(model for end-stage liver disease,MELD)相关(分别r =0.80,r=-0.77,r =0.72,均P＜0.0001),术后2周时血清雌二醇与健康对照组相比差异无统计学意义,术后1个月时血清睾酮和性激素结合球蛋白与健康对照组相比差异无统计学意义.结论 男性肝移植术后1个月内血清雌二醇、血清睾酮和性激素结合球蛋白水平恢复正常,术后半年时性功能得到明显改善.     

Changes in hormone sensitivity in the ventral prostate of aging Sprague-Dawley rats

The adult rat ventral prostate, which has been used extensively as a model for hormone-dependent prostate cancer, is composed of hormone-dependent columnar secretory epithelial cells and a mixture of hormone-independent cuboidal epithelial cells, basal epithelial cells, and stromal cells. Androgen ablation causes the gland to regress due to the selective loss of the secretory luminal epithelial cells that undergo apoptosis. Most, if not all, of the studies examining the induction of apoptosis and the mechanism of regression have used young adult males at around 3 months of age. Prostate cancer, however, is a disease of older males, and we have therefore investigated whether age-related changes in hormone sensitivity and apoptosis occur in the ventral prostate of aged animals (12 months old) compared to young animals (3 months old). We have observed distinct differences in the morphology of the prostate between young and old rats prior to castration and a significant slowing in the rate of regression after castration in older animals. These changes are accompanied by changes in lipofuscin accumulation and levels of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and manganese (Mn) superoxide dismutase in the gland.     

雄性大鼠内生源性睾酮和雌二醇水平与增龄性骨量丢失的关系研究

目的:研究增龄雄性大鼠内生源性睾酮(T)和雌二醇(E2)水平与骨量丢失的关系。方法:35、70、160、700和800日龄大鼠(每组6只),用骨组织形态计量学方法测量及计算骨小梁面积百分数(%Tb.Ar)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁数量(Tb.N)以及骨小梁分离度(Tb.SP);放射免疫分析法测定血清T和E2水平。分析增龄雄性大鼠内生源性T和E2水平变化与骨组织形态计量学变化的关系。结果:①增龄雄性大鼠T和E2水平与骨量密切相关。②大鼠从幼年→成年→老年至衰老,性激素水平的变化和骨量的变化是同步的,T、E2水平增加伴随骨量的增加;T、E2水平降低则伴随骨量的减少,70～160日龄大鼠,T、E2、%Tb.Ar、Tb.N均达到峰值并维持在稳定水平,700日龄大鼠除Tb.Th和Tb.SP外则明显降低。③雄激素的变化与雌激素的变化是同步的,35、70、160、700及800日龄各组的性激素结果依次是:T(ng/d l):118.53±18.35,345.49±54.63,368.83±60.03,61.15±21.12,60.35±19.27;E2(pg/m l):10.35±1.82,16.92±3.13,17.20±2.51,5.87±2.34,5.53±2.48。其骨组织形态计量学结果依次是:Tb.Ar(%):19.52±2.23,26.28±2.18,28.37±1.21,15.62±1.68,14.21±0.89;Tb.Th(μm):35.45±1.63,50.13±3.58,60.23±8.25,75.62±9.72,78.78±11.21;Tb.N(No/mm):5.98±1.21,8.07±0.86,8.30±1.22,2.63±1.35,2.48±1.62;Tb.SP(μm):126.34±18.15,136.26±15.27,261.08±76.43,323.12±78.12,323.12±78.12,330.23±50.20。结论:增龄过程中骨量变化和性激素水平变化密切相关;雄激素和雌激素对骨骼生长和骨量维持均起着重要作用。     

Effects of cerivastatin and parathyroid hormone on the lumbar vertebra of aging male Sprague-Dawley rats

Both men and women lose bone at a late age (aging bone loss). The aim of this study was to determine whether cerivastatin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) can prevent aging bone loss in men. Bone loss in aged male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was used as a model for age-related bone loss in men. Nine-month-old male SD rats were divided into six groups: (1) baseline controls (killed at the beginning of the study); (2) age-matched controls; (3) parathyroid hormone (PTH; 80 microg/kg body weight per day for 5 days/week) treated; (4) low-dose cerivastatin (0.2 mg/kg body weight per day) treated; and (5) medium-dose cerivastatin (0.4 mg/kg body weight per day) treated; and (6) high-dose cerivastatin (0.8 mg/kg body weight per day) treated. Groups 2-6 were treated for 23 weeks between the ages of 9 and 15 months and killed at the end of 23 weeks. The fourth lumbar vertebra was analyzed using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). It is shown that age-matched controls had decreased cancellous bone mineral content (Cn. BMC) by 19% (p < 0.05) and cancellous bone mineral density Cn. BMD) by 22% (p < 0.01) when compared with baseline controls. All three doses of cerivastatin resulted in lower Cn. BMC and Cn. BMD when compared with age-matched controls, but this decrease was not statistically significant. In the PTH-treated group, Cn. BMC increased by 5% (p < 0.0001) and Cn. BMD increased by 37% (p < 0.0001) when compared with age-matched controls. In age-matched controls, cortical bone mineral content (Ct. BMC) and cortical bone mineral density (Ct. BMD) decreased slightly, but not significantly, when compared with baseline controls. Ct. BMD did not change significantly at any of the three doses in the cerivastatin-treated groups. In the PTH-treated group, Ct. BMC increased by 23% (p < 0.0001) when compared with age-matched controls. We confirmed that male SD rats lose bone with aging in the lumbar vertebra, and it is concluded that cerivastatin, at all doses administered, did not prevent this age-related bone loss. In contrast, PTH prevented age-related bone loss in the vertebra of male SD rats.     

中老年男性性激素水平与情境记忆的关系

目的研究中老年男性性激素水平与情境记忆的关系。方法用放射免疫法测定74名中老年男性(47～75岁,平均年龄58.73)血清性激素[游离睾酮(FT)、总睾酮(TT)、雌二醇(E2)、泌乳素(PRL)和黄体生成素(LH)]的水平。所有被试者均接受情境记忆测验。情境记忆包括4个项目,分别测查图像记忆、数字记忆、词组记忆1、2。根据性激素水平的高低将被试者分成两组,应用SPSS11.0分析两组之间的各项情境记忆是否存在显著性差异,了解不同性激素与不同情境记忆的关系。结果各比较组的年龄和受教育年限均无显著性差异;FT较高组在图像记忆、词组记忆1、2的测验得分上优于较低组;TT较高组在图像记忆、词组记忆1、2的测验得分上优于较低组;E2较高组在图像记忆测验得分上优于较低组;PRL和LH与各项情境记忆无相关。结论中老年男性性激素(主要是FT、TT和E2)与情境记忆有一定的关系,激素水平较高组的情境记忆功能优于较低组;不同情境记忆受性激素影响的程度不同,图片记忆受影响最明显。     

Effects of growth hormone and testosterone on cortical bone formation and bone density in aged orchiectomized rats.

Osteoporosis in men is a disease that is increasing in incidence, and with an increasing elderly population it poses a serious health problem. Since both testosterone (T) and growth hormone (GH) have an anabolic effect on bone and both decrease with aging, we were prompted to test whether the administration of these hormones in combination would increase bone mass in orchiectomized (orx) senile rats more than administration of either agent alone. Twenty-month-old male Wistar rats were divided into five groups with seven animals each: (a) age-matched intact control, (b) orx, (c) orx+GH (2.5 mg/kg/day), (d) orx+T [10 mg/kg, subcutaneous (s.c.), injection given twice a week], and (e) orx+GH+T. Testosterone and GH were given subcutaneously for 4 weeks. Bone histomorphometry of the tibial shaft showed that the orx group had lower cortical bone area than the intact control group. The decrease in cortical bone area was due to increased intracortical porosis as well as decreased periosteal bone formation rate (BFR). Administration of T to the orx animals prevented the development of the porosis and the decrease in periosteal BFR. The bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur as tested by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were significantly higher in the orx+T than in the orx group and were not significantly different from that of the intact control group. Administration of GH to the orx rats increased periosteal BFR significantly; however, the BMC and BMD measured were not increased significantly in comparison to the orx group. When GH and T were combined in treatment, the cortical bone area, periosteal BFR, and femoral BMD were all significantly higher than that of the orx and even higher than the intact control rats. Two-way analysis of variance shows that the individual effect of GH and T treatment on the periosteal BFR and cortical bone area was significant. The effect of T, but not GH, on femoral BMC and BMD was also significant; however, there is no synergistic interaction between the two treatments. Four weeks of orx with or without GH or T administration had no significant effect on tibial metaphyseal cancellous bone volume. In conclusion, this short-term study suggests that the combined intervention of GH and T in androgen-deficient aged male rats may have an independent effect in preventing osteopenia. The significant effect of GH+T may be attributed to the prevention of intracortical porosis, and an increase in periosteal bone formation and cortical bone mass.     

肥胖男性青少年性发育特点及其性激素水平分析

目的:探讨肥胖男性青少年性发育特点并对性激素水平进行分析。方法:选择自2010年1月至2012年6月期间到我院泌尿外科因小睾丸、小阴茎就诊的肥胖男性青少年156例为观察组,对照组选择社区健康青少年男性50例,测算两组对象的体重指数(BMI)、阴茎自然长度、睾丸容积并询问有无遗精及首次遗精年龄,采用放射免疫分析法测定血清黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激激素(FSH)、催乳素(PRL)、总睾酮(TT)、游离睾酮(FT)、孕激素(P)和雌二醇(E2)水平,并计算TT/E2、睾酮分泌指数(TSI)。结果:①观察组BMI[(27.1±2.2)kg/m2]显著高于对照组[(20.4±1.6)kg/m2](P<0.05),阴茎自然长度[(5.6±1.7)cm]及睾丸平均容积[(7.6±2.3)cm3]显著小于对照组(P<0.05);两组青少年首次发生遗精年龄未现显著性差异(P>0.05),但观察组遗精发生率较对照组有极显著性下降(χ2=17.335,P<0.05)。②观察组血清LH、FSH、PRL、TT、FT、E2、P分别为(7.82±2.14)mIU/ml、(7.71±1.83)mIU/ml、(8.91±3.52)ng/ml、(0.73±0.20)ng/ml、(5.09±2.60)pg/ml、(48.57±8.34)pg/ml、(1.25±0.58)ng/ml,对照组分别为(5.39±1.76)mIU/ml、(6.82±2.01)mIU/ml、(8.26±2.97)ng/ml、(1.47±0.41)ng/ml、(11.28±4.72)pg/ml、(8.61±4.08)pg/ml、(0.64±0.19)ng/ml,其中观察组LH、E2、P显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.05),TT、FT显著低于对照组(P均<0.01)。观察组TT/E2值(0.015±0.004)较对照组(0.173±0.037)显著降低(P<0.01);观察组TSI为(0.098±0.026),显著低于对照组(0.272±0.084,P<0.01)。③相关分析表明,BMI与PRL、E2呈显著正相关,与TT、FT、TT/E2及TSI呈显著负相关(P<0.05);阴茎自然长度与TT、FT、TT/E2及TSI呈显著正相关,与E2呈显著负相关(P<0.05);睾丸平均容积与LH、PRL、E2呈负相关,与TT、FT、TT/E2、TSI呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:肥胖男性青少年存在性发育不良及性激素水平改变,肥胖及脂肪积聚导致E2增高、TT及FT下降、TT/E2、TSI下降尤为明显并与性发育存在显著相关性,提示男性青少年体内的脂肪含量对其生殖系统发育具有重要影响。     

雄激素对结石诱导雄鼠肾内结晶体的影响

目的探讨雌激素对尿石症患者的影响。方法用0．5％乙二醇诱导结石形成，建立4组动物实验雄鼠模型。A组：去势结石组；B组：去势 皮下注射睾丸酮（3mg／d）结石组;C组：结石对照组；D组；正常对照组（标准无结石饮食）。4组雄鼠饲养4周后同时宰杀，分别测定和比较他们血清Testo、FSH、LH、E2、PRL、Prog，肾内晶体沉和部位及程度。结果A、B、C各组间差异均有显著性（P＜O．001）。结论雄性激素对尿石症有一定影响。