铂的萃取分离技术研究进展

溶剂萃取法分离提纯铂相比于传统的沉淀法具有工艺简单、高效、操作安全等优势,本文从胺类萃取剂、中性磷类萃取剂、离子液体萃取剂、新型萃取剂四个方面综述了近年来溶剂萃取分离铂的技术研究进展,并对各种溶剂萃取法存在的优缺点进行了评述。胺类萃取剂和中性磷类萃取剂萃取效率高,成本低,已成熟应用于铂的分离提纯,但选择性相对较差。离子液体的研究起步较晚,其选择性好但造价高昂,距离工业化应用还有很长的距离。随着对铂分离提纯技术的要求越来越高,进一步开发高效清洁的新型萃取剂、研究协同萃取体系、简化萃取流程以及改进萃取设备是未来铂萃取分离技术的发展方向。     

溶剂萃取分离金川料液中的金钯铂

阐述了石油亚砜（ＰＳＯ）选择性萃取分离Ｐｄ的基本原理，并以此为基础研究了用ＤＢＣ萃Ａｕ、ＰＳＯ萃Ｐｄ及Ｎ２３５萃Ｐｔ，从金川蒸馏Ｏｓ、Ｒｕ之后的脱胶液中萃取分离金、钯、铂的工艺过程     

液态“渣—金属”化学平衡求取渣系组元活度的探讨

简单介绍以液态“渣－金属”化学平衡法求取渣系组元活度的方法及步骤,并以此测定了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３,ＣａＯ－ＳｉｉＯ２－ＭｇＯ和ＣａＯ－Ｂ２Ｏ３等渣系中ＣａＯ的活度。结果表明,正确选择金属溶剂,正确配料－－包括炼制好金属料需要的有关合金和适合渣料需要的预备渣,以及正确选择测试温度和平衡所需时间,是实验成功的关键。     

液态“渣-金属”化学平衡法求取渣系组元活度的探讨

简单介绍以液态“渣-金属”化学平衡法求取渣系组元活度的方法及步骤，并以此测定了CaO—SiO2-Al2O3,CaO-SiO2-MgO和CaO－B2O3等渣系中CaO的活度结果表明．正确选择金属溶剂，正确配料──包括炼制好金属料需要的有关合金和适合渣料需要的预备渣，以及正确选择测试温度和平衡所需时间，是实验成功的关键.     

盐酸介质中异戊基苯并噻唑亚砜萃取Pd(Ⅱ)的机理

合成了异戊基苯并噻唑亚砜(ABSO),研究了盐酸介质中ABSO萃取Pd(Ⅱ)的机理。考察水相H 浓度和萃取剂浓度对钯萃取的影响,采用斜率法、红外光谱和核磁共振H谱法确定了萃合物的组成及萃取平衡的机理。结果表明:低酸度条件下,H 浓度对钯的分配比无影响,ABSO以中性配位萃取机理萃取Pd(Ⅱ),并通过苯并噻唑环上的氮原子与Pd(Ⅱ)配位形成萃合物PdCl2(ABSO)2。     

RECOVERING RE FROM LEACHING LIQUOR OF RARE EARTH ORE BY EXTRACTION

ＲＥＣＯＶＥＲＩＮＧＲＥＦＲＯＭＬＥＡＣＨＩＮＧＬＩＱＵＯＲＯＦＲＡＲＥＥＡＲＴＨＯＲＥＢＹＥＸＴＲＡＣＴＩＯＮＣｈｉＲｕ＇ａｎ；ＸｕＪｉｎｇｍｉｎｇ；ＨｅＰｅｉｊｉｏｎｇ；ＺｈｕＹｏｎｇｊｕｎ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＮｕｃｌｅａｒＥｎｅｒｇｙＴｅｃ...     

Copper solvent extraction from alkaline cyanide solution with guanidine extractant LIX 7950

The use of the guanidine extractant LIX 7950 extracting copper and cyanide from alkaline cyanide solution was investigated.The extraction of copper and cyanide under different initial copper and extractant concentrations was examined and the stoichiometric extraction constant of Cu(CN)32- with LIX 7950 was calculated.Both the distribution coefficient and the stoichiometric extraction constant of Cu(CN)3 2-with LIX 7950 decrease when the temperature is varied from 25℃to 45℃, indicating the extraction process is exothermic.The calculated enthalpy change of the reaction(-HΘ)is about-190 kJ/mol.The copper extraction isotherms under different molar ratios of cyanide to copper are established.The preferential extraction of Cu(CN)32- over Cu(CN)4 3-and CN -has been confirmed and a high cyanide-to-copper molar ratio tends to suppress copper loading. The loaded copper and cyanide can be stripped efficiently by the moderately strong NaOH solutions(0.5-1.0 mol/L)and the presence of NaCN in the stripping solution facilitates copper stripping.     

Extraction of copper from bacterial leach solution using LIX98

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＳｏｌｖｅｎｔｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄｂｙｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｗｉｎｎｉｎｇ(ＳＸ ＥＷ )ｈａｓｂｅｃｏｍｅａｋｅｙｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｔｈｅｌａｓｔｔｗｏｄｅｃａｄｅｓｆｏｒｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｙｏｆｃｏｐｐｅｒｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｂａ     

合成亚砜BSO萃取钯铂机理研究

研究了合成亚砜BSO萃取Pd、Pt、Cu、Fe和Ni的性能.结果表明低酸度时,Pd2 几乎完全被萃取,其它金属的萃取率极低.钯易于从Pt、Cu、Fe和Ni金属中分离出来,且反萃容易.利用红外光谱研究了BSO萃取Pd和Pt的机理.低酸度时,在钯萃合物的红外光谱中,出现2个新的吸收峰(1122和931cm-1),表明BSO通过硫和氧原子以中性配位机理萃取钯;高酸度时,没有新的红外吸收峰出现,表明BSO以离子缔合机理萃取钯.BSO以离子缔合方式萃取铂.     

环氧粉末涂料固化程度的表征：溶剂萃取法的建立

研究了溶剂萃取法用于粉末涂料固化度表征时的萃取条件的造反吸相关参数的确定方法,并将研究结果与用玻璃化转变温度与剩余焓法的固化度测量结果进行了对比分析,结果表明：用萃取方法表大化度反映了涂膜的真实交联情况,与玻璃化转变法存在对应的关系。     

A study on the composition and structure of cyclic sulfoxide derivative palladium(Ⅱ) complex

The composition and structure of cyclic sulfoxide derivative Pd(Ⅱ) complex were investigated. The coordinated number was studied with slope method. The coordination number is 2 in lower acidity, but it is 3 in higher acidity. Four methods, UV (ultraviolet) spectra, FrIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectra, 1H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance)spectra, and 13C-NMR spectra, were used to determine the coordinated atom in complex. Pd is coordinated with O and S atom in S=O group in lower acidity media. The conversion of coordination bond appears with an increasing time. Pd is coordinated with S atom in S=O group in higher acidity media, and inter-ligand-transfer reaction occurs.     

有机溶剂在浆萃取对锌精矿直接浸出的影响

研究了锌精矿直接浸出时的在浆有机溶剂萃取，通过扫描电镜分析比较了浸出前矿粒以及两种不同浸出渣的表面形貌。结果表明，四氯乙烯是一种非常有效的萃硫有机溶剂，其加入时间控制为0．5－1．5h，当有机相与无机相（O／A）之比值小于1／50时，锌浸出率随O／A比值的增大而增大；但当O／A比值超过1／50时，锌浸出率并不受相比的影响。     

Separation of Indium and Iron from Dilute Sulphate Solutions with a Phosphorous Mixer Extractant

In the conventional process [l], indium couldbe seParated from some bi-valence metals whileimpurity Fe' tha was most difficult to be sepa-rated was co-extfacted. When the extraCtion ofIn3 from lowly acidic solotions with D2EHPAas eXtfactani was carried ollt, the organic phasewas easily emulsified. FUrthermore, sttippingwas carried out difficultly and a high concelltfa-tion of striPping agent was required. IInPurityFe3 co-extracted with In3 into the organic phasecould not be strtheed …     

A study on the composition and structure of cyclic sulfoxide derivative palladium（Ⅱ） complex

The composition and structure of cyclic sulfoxide derivative Pd(Ⅱ) complex were investigated. The coordinated number was studied with slope method. The coordination number is 2 in lower acidity, but it is 3 in higher acidity. Four methods, UV (ultraviolet) spectra, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectra, 1H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectra, and ^13C-NMR spectra, were used to determine the coordinated atom in complex. Pd is coordinated with O and S atom in S=O group in lower acidity media. The conversion of coordination bond appears with an increasing time. Pd is coordinated with S atom in S=O group in higher acidity media, and inter-ligand-transfer reaction occurs.     

磷酸三丁酯从氯化物介质中萃取Zn与Cd的机理研究SCIEI

研究了磷酸三丁酯(TBP)从氯化钠稀盐酸溶液中萃取Zn和Cd,用多种物理化学方法确定了萃合物的组成。实验结果表明,TBP从氯化钠的稀盐酸溶液中萃取Zn,Cd,其有机相络合物的形式分别可能为ZnCl_2·2TBP和CdCl_2·2TBP。对于Cd,在较低的酸度条件下,有机相中就出现氯镉酸(HCdCl_3)的共萃取,随着溶液酸度增加,有机相萃合物中H_2CdCl_4占主导地位。而对于Zn,只有当溶液酸度达到一定值时([HCl]>0.1mol/L),有机相萃合物中才出现氯锌酸(HZnCl_3)的形式。此外,对萃取机理及温度效应也进行了讨论。     

Selective extraction of zinc from sulfate leach solution of zinc ore

1　INTRODUCTIONSolventextractionwasregardedasahighlyeffi cienttechniqueofseparationandpurification .Ithasbeenwidelyappliedinmetalextractionandrecoveryduringhydrometallurgicalprocessandenvironmentalprotection[14 ] .Solventextractionhasbeencommer ciallyusedintheextractionofuranium ,rarenoblemetals ,copper ,cobaltandnickel,whichwastypical lypresentedbythetechniqueofleach solventextrac tion electrowinning .Presently ,thecopperproductionfromsolventextractionhasbeenaccountedformorethan 2 0 %oft…     

Extraction studies of cobalt （ Ⅱ ） and nickel （ Ⅱ ） from chloride solution using PC88A

1 Introduction Since the first commercial process using di-2-ethyl hexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) was developed by RITCEY et al[1], the organophosphorus extractants have been proved to be primary solvents for separation cobalt from nickel in acidic media…     

EXTRACTION OF Zn AND Cd FROM CHLORIDE LIQUORS BY TRI-n-BUTYL PHOSPHATE

Studies have been made on the extraction of Zn and Cd by TBP(tri-n-butyl phosphate)from diluent hydrochloric acid solutions of soldium chloride.The experiments show that thespecies extracted from diluent HCI solutions of NaCl appear to be predominantly ZnCl_2·2TBP and CdCl_2·2TBP.For Cd,at lower acidities,anionic complexes of the typeH_2CdCl_3 are also extracted.As the acidity is increased,H_2CdCl_4 appear to be predominantcomplexes in organic phase.For Zn,the acidocomplexes of the type HZnCl_3 appear in organ-ic phase after the acidity of solutions reaching a certain value([HCl]>0.1 mol/L).Furthermore,the ultraviolet absorption spectra of both aqueous and organic phases have beenstudied,and the infrared spectra of the organic phases have been exomined.The extractionmechanism and temperature effect are also discussed.