制膜条件对可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜机械性能的影响

本文探讨了以小麦面筋蛋白为主要原料,制备可食性包装膜时,制膜条件对可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜机械性能的影响。首先,通过单因素试验考察乙醇体积份数、小麦面筋蛋白浓度、成膜溶液的pH、甘油用量及热处理温度等条件对膜性能的影响,并进一步做正交试验,确定了小麦面筋蛋白成膜的最佳工艺条件: 乙醇浓度为50%,小麦面筋蛋白浓度为10%,成膜溶液的pH为10,甘油用量为4.5ml,热处理温度为80℃。     

制膜条件对可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜机械性能的影响

本文探讨了以小麦面筋蛋白为主要原料，制备可食性包装膜时，制膜条件对可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜机械性能的影响．首先，通过单因素试验考察乙醇体积份数、小麦面筋蛋白浓度、成膜溶液的pH、甘油用量及热处理温度等条件对膜性能的影响，并进一步做正交试验，确定了小麦面筋蛋白戍膜的最佳工艺务件：乙醇浓度为50％，小麦面筋蛋白浓度为10％，戍膜溶液的pH为10，甘油用量为4．5ml，热处理温度为80℃。     

干燥温度对可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜性能的影响

干燥温度是影响可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜性能的一个重要因素,本文探讨了可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜制备过程中,采用不同的干燥温度进行干燥对膜透光率、水溶性、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、水蒸气透过系数等性能的影响,试验结果表明:以60℃为干燥温度时,膜的综合性能最好。     

干燥温度对可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜性能的影响

干燥温度是影响可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜性能的一个重要因素.本文探讨了可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜制备过程中,采用不同的干燥温度进行干燥对膜透光率、水溶性、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、水蒸气透过系数等性能的影响,试验结果表明:以60℃为干燥温度时,膜的综合性能最好。     

干燥温度对可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜性能的影响

干燥温度是影响可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜性能的一个重要因素．本文探讨了可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜制备过程中，采用不同的干燥温度进行干燥对膜透光率、水溶性、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、水蒸气透过系数争性能的影响，试验结果表明：以60℃为干燥温度时，膜的综合性能最好。     

可食性包装膜的研制

以小麦面筋蛋白为原料,制备可食性包装膜。首先,通过单因素试验考察小麦面筋蛋白浓度和增塑剂用量、成膜溶剂、成膜溶液的pH及热处理等条件对膜性能的影响,并进一步做正交试验,确定了小麦面筋成膜的最佳工艺条件:小麦面筋-甘油配比为4∶1,乙醇浓度为50%,成膜溶液的pH为11,热处理温度为80℃。     

小麦面筋蛋白可食性复合膜的改性研究

本文研究了采用交联剂氯化钙对小麦面筋蛋白复合膜各项性能的影响,应用综合评分法得出,氯化钙的最佳添加浓度为0.67%,此时综合得分最高120.99,在此条件下制得的改性复合膜的拉伸强度提高了13.4%,水蒸气透过系数(WVP)降低了7.3%,改善了复合膜的机械性能。应用交联法提高可食性膜强度,为进一步开发应用可食性膜提供了新途径。     

可食性蛋白膜研究进展

传统塑料包装材料引起环境污染问题越来越受到人们关注,其安全性也受到人们质疑,发展新型包装材料,将会是未来方向;蛋白膜以其可生物降解性、可食性、隔油、阻气等性能,正成为国内外研究热点。该文阐述蛋白膜成膜机理、膜的特性及分类,并介绍大豆分离蛋白膜、小麦面筋蛋白膜等可食性蛋白膜国内外研究现状。     

可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜耐水性能的研究

本文以小麦面筋蛋白制得的可食性膜为研究对象,通过单因素试验考察乙醇体积分数、甘油用量及石蜡用量等因素对膜的耐水性能的影响,并进一步做正交试验,确定了小麦蛋白膜的耐水性能最佳时各因素的用量:乙醇浓度30%、甘油用量2.5g、石蜡用量0.5g.     

可食性包装材料——未来环保材料之星（下）

3．4小麦面筋蛋白可食性包装材料和加工及特点 小麦面筋蛋白可食性包装材料主要以上麦粉中提取的蛋白质作原料制取的．这些蛋白质主要是麦胶蛋白和麦谷蛋白。制作包装薄膜时发挥作用的主要是麦胶蛋白，利用麦胶蛋白的延伸性、弹性、韧性等性能。在具体制作时，将面筋蛋白溶于乙醇，再加入甘油、氨水等作增塑剂，最后通过流延等工艺得到可食性包装膜。     

改性谷朊粉的制备及其凝胶结构分析

先将谷朊粉进行脱脂处理,然后采用微波、三氯氧磷和转谷氨酰胺酶法对谷朊粉进行修饰,并使用电子显微镜扫描分析了不同干燥工艺制备的改性谷朊粉凝胶结构.结果表明:脂肪对改性谷朊粉的凝胶性能影响较小,改性谷朊粉的凝胶临界浓度为16%,冷冻干燥比常压干燥更能明显地保持改性谷朊粉的交联结构.因此,酶法改性结合冷冻干燥是一种制备具有优良凝胶性能改性谷朊粉的先进工艺.     

小麦麸皮微波处理对全麦粉面筋品质和流变学特性的影响

目的探讨小麦麸皮微波处理灭酶对全麦粉面筋品质特性和流变学特性的影响。方法以中高筋小麦为原料,对麸皮微波处理后再回添到小麦粉中制得全麦粉,设置麸皮水分含量、微波处理时间和麸皮厚度3个变量因素,固定其中2个变量因素,探讨另1个变量因素对全麦粉中面筋特性和流变学特性的影响。结果麸皮水分含量对湿面筋含量、面筋吸水率、面团形成时间、吸水量、稳定时间和弱化度具有显著性影响,微波处理时间对湿面筋含量、吸水量、稳定时间和弱化度具有显著性影响,麸皮厚度对干面筋含量、面团形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和粉质质量指数具有显著性影响。结论对全麦粉面筋品质和流变学特性的影响大小依次为麸皮水分含量、麸皮厚度、微波处理时间。     

谷朊粉对马铃薯热干面品质的影响

为提高马铃薯热干面的品质和稳定性,该文在分析谷朊粉基本成分与物化特性的基础上,深入研究了谷朊粉添加量对混合粉特性及对生鲜及熟制马铃薯热干面蒸煮、质构、贮藏等品质特性的影响。结果表明,随着混合粉中谷朊粉含量升高,其持水性下降,吸水膨胀性上升。随着谷朊粉添加量的增加,马铃薯热干面吸水性呈下降趋势、蒸煮损失率呈先上升后下降变化趋势;生鲜湿面和熟面剪切性、拉伸特性均呈先下降后上升变化趋势,且谷朊粉添加量相同时,生鲜湿面剪切性和拉伸特性均高于熟面。谷朊粉最适宜添加量为10%~15%(质量分数),此时马铃薯热干面的剪切力最小,拉伸力和黏度适中,具有较好质构特性。马铃薯热干面熟制后贮存,可提升其品质稳定性。     

小麦面筋蛋白分子聚集态对脱酰胺程度的影响

本研究以从稀到浓的小麦面筋蛋白溶液为对象,对其进行湿热脱酰胺处理,分析了湿热脱酰胺改性过程中当蛋白浓度从极稀到亚浓变化时,小麦面筋蛋白分子结构和聚集态变化对脱酰胺程度的影响。实验结果表明:小麦面筋蛋白脱酰胺程度、水解度和Zeta电位随着蛋白原始聚集态的增大而显著降低,且脱酰胺程度和水解度随小麦面筋蛋白原始聚集态变化呈现线性相关性。小麦面筋蛋白分子内作用力随着蛋白原始聚集态的增强而显著增大,红移程度则减小。小麦面筋蛋白分子内部非共价键包括疏水键和氢键在蛋白分子中起主导作用,二硫键作用微小。以上结果说明小麦面筋蛋白聚集形态与湿热有机弱酸脱酰胺速率具有较强的相互关系,蛋白原始的聚集形态是决定分子结构伸展程度和脱酰胺改变趋势的最重要因素。     

谷朊粉对苦荞小麦混合粉流变学特性影响研究

该研究首先利用实验磨进行苦荞制粉,然后以苦荞小麦混合粉(20:80)为对象,参照国际标准分析方法,系统分析谷朊粉对混合粉流变学特性影响。结果表明,随着谷朊粉添加量增加,混合粉粉质特性、拉伸特性及烘焙特性得到不同程度改善;在该试验条件下,谷朊粉最佳添加量为4%。     

琥珀酰化度大小对改性小麦面筋蛋白性质影响的研究

本文采用琥珀酸酐对小麦面筋蛋白进行酰化改性，讨论了琥珀酰化度大小对面筋蛋白的溶解性、乳化性、乳化稳定性、起泡性和起泡稳定性影响，并对最佳改性条件下改性小麦面筋蛋白进行了在面条加工中的应用研究。结果表明：琥珀酰化度为66．1％时改性效果最好，改性面筋蛋白的溶解度、乳化及乳化稳定性、起泡及起泡稳定性分别为5．09mg／ml，56．8％，56．4％，44．8％，25％；利用最佳改性条件下的琥珀酰化面筋蛋白生产面条，面条的综合性能均比未改性的面筋蛋白品质高。     

Influence of wheat starch on rheological,structural and physico-chemical properties gluten–starch dough during mixing

This study mainly explored that the influence of wheat starch source on the rheology behaviours and structural properties of gluten–starch dough, and then the model doughs were prepared by the AK58 wheat gluten and three types of starches from strong (ZM366S), medium (AK58S) and weak gluten wheat (ZM103S) during mixing were studied. The damaged starch content of wheat starch was positively correlated with the wheat gluten strength, while the granule size was negatively. The G', G" and the extension resistance of ZM366S dough were higher than those of other doughs, which implied the source of starch also had a significant influence on the rheological properties. CLSM also observed that ZM366S was more closely bound to the gluten protein network. The glutenin macropolymer (GMP) content of ZM366S model dough was the highest, while the SH content was the lowest. Decreases in elasticity, extension and GMP, and small increase in SH content were displayed during dough mixing. Molecular forces were varied with different wheat starch and mixing time. The covalent bond was the main force between ZM103S and gluten, whereas the hydrogen and covalent bonds were the main force between ZM366S or AK58S and gluten. The interactions between ZM366 starch and gluten were stronger than others starch.     

Protein Characteristics that Affect the Quality of Vital Wheat Gluten to be Used in Baking: A Review

The use of vital wheat gluten in the baking industry and wheat flour mills aims to improve the rheological characteristics of flour considered unsuitable to obtain products such as sliced bread, French bread, high‐fiber breads, and other products that require strong flours. To improve characteristics such as flour strength, dough mixing tolerance, and bread volume, vital wheat gluten is added to flour at levels that can vary from 2% to 10% (flour basis), with 5% being a commonly used dosage. However, the vital wheat gluten commercialized in the market has few quality specifications, especially related to the characteristics of the proteins that constitute it and are responsible for the formation of the viscoelastic gluten network. Information on protein quality is important, because variations are observed in the technological quality of vital wheat gluten obtained from different sources, which could be associated to damage caused to proteins during the obtainment process. Several tests, either physical–chemical analyses, or rheological tests, are carried out to establish gluten quality; however, they are sometimes time‐consuming and costly. Although these tests give good answers to specify gluten quality, flour mills, and the baking industries require fast and simple tests to evaluate the uses and/or dosage of vital gluten addition to wheat flour. This review covers the concepts, uses, obtainment processes, and quality analysis of vital wheat gluten, as well as simple tests to help identify details about protein quality of commercial vital wheat gluten.     

Effect of cysteine on structural,rheological properties and solubility of wheat gluten by enzymatic hydrolysis

The progressive enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat gluten was obtained with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy structural and rheological understanding of the molecular interactions and structural transformations as affected by cysteine. Cysteine which cleaved disulphide (SS) bonds and inhibited wheat gluten polymer formation induced the disappearance of 1622 cm^?1 band (extended structures) and significant increases in the amount of β‐sheet in the amide I region and in hydration capacity. The alterations in structure had tremendous influence on the rheological properties of wheat gluten so that decreased the shear moduli (loss modulus and storage modulus) and viscosity. A typical viscoelastic behaviour (ranging from more solid‐like to more fluid‐like) affected by cysteine was manifested by wheat gluten dough. Consequently, the solubility of wheat gluten improved. Hence, structural, rheological changes and solubility gave rise to high enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat gluten.     

Effects of ball‐milling on the glass transition of wheat flour constituents

BACKGROUND: Starch and gluten, the major components of wheat flour, greatly influence the structural characteristics of food products made with wheat flour. The effects of ball‐milling on the change in the semicrystalline structure of starch granules to the amorphous state have been reported. However, the effects of ball‐milling of native wheat flour on physicochemical changes in wheat flour constituents have not been elucidated. Therefore in this study the effects of ball‐milling on the glass transition of wheat flour constituents were investigated. RESULTS: Crude gluten, non‐gluten proteins and separated starch were obtained from wheat flour ball‐milled for 0–10 h, and the glass transition temperature (T_g) of these constituents was evaluated. The T_g of all wheat flour constituents decreased with increasing ball‐milling time. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that changes in band position and intensity did not occur for gluten but did occur for non‐gluten proteins. X‐ray diffraction revealed decreased crystallinity and greater plasticisation by water in separated starch as the ball‐milling time was prolonged. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the ball‐milling process decreased the T_g of wheat flour constituents as a function of milling time. The decrease in T_g was probably due to changes in conformation of protein subunits in gluten and depolymerisation of the non‐gluten protein fraction. The information obtained here about the physical alteration of wheat flour constituents may enhance the ability to successfully use ball‐milled wheat flour in food applications. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry