胸腹部淋巴结结核18F-FDG PET/CT显像1例

病例女,53岁,1周前体检时腹部增强CT,B超均发现腹膜后多发肿大淋巴结,部分融合,包绕胰头周围（4月前腹部B超未见肿大淋巴结）,肿瘤标志物均未见异常,无不适主诉,体温正常,体重无改变,现未经任何治疗.为明确诊断行体部18F-FDG PET/CT检查.     

18F-NaF PET/CT 显像与99mTc-MDP SPECT 骨显像对乳腺癌患者骨转移诊断的对比研究

目的:探讨18F-NaF PET/CT显像与99mTc-MDP SPECT显像对乳腺癌患者骨转移的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析2017年12月-2019年6月间我院收治的乳腺癌患者35例.所有患者均在2周内行18F-NaF PET/CT显像与99mTc-MDP SPECT显像,以病理结果、X线、CT、MRI、临床随访等综...     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在肾脏转移瘤中的诊断价值

目的:探讨转移性肾脏肿瘤的18F-FDG PET/CT图像特点,以期提高对该病的认识。方法 :回顾性分析2013年11月-2019年8月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院经手术或穿刺病理证实的14例肾脏转移瘤。用勾画感兴趣区(ROI)法测量病灶的SUVmax,同时测量病变的大小及CT值。结果:14例患者中,共计18个病灶,其中左肾单发5例,右肾单发6例,双肾单发2例,右肾2处转移灶、左肾1处转移灶1例。结节状弥漫性高摄取病灶11个,环形高摄取病灶6个,弧形高摄取病灶1个,SUVmax(4.3~21.5),平均值11.6±5.5。等密度灶8个,低密度灶7个,高密度灶3个,CT值范围15.0~35.0 HU,平均CT值(27.9±5.2)HU,病灶最大径范围1.1~7.2 cm,最大径平均值(3.3±1.6)cm。结论 :肾脏转移瘤在18F-FDG PET/CT显像有一定特点,18FFDG PET/CT对其有很好的诊断价值。     

FDG PET/CT显像评价体部恶性肿瘤质子放射治疗疗效

目的：探讨PET/CT显像在体部恶性肿瘤质子放射治疗疗效评价中的临床价值。方法：22例经最终病理检查及临床诊断的恶性肿瘤患者，质子放射治疗前后各行1次18F-FDG PET/CT显像，以最大标准摄取值（SUVmax）的变化来评价质子放射治疗的疗效，并与质子放射治疗后CT等常规影像及临床随访结果进行对比分析。结果：①质子放射治疗前，PET/CT显像共发现22例肿瘤患者46处病灶，SUVmax在6.9~37之间（16.36±9.35），常规影像发现病灶38处。②质子放射治疗后，46处病灶代谢活度均降低，SUVmax降低24%～88%，SUVmax在2.5~24之间（6.64±5.37）。而CT等常规影像显示41%（19/46）肿块消失或缩小，而59%（27/46）的肿块无明显改变。临床随访3~9个月证实经质子放射治疗的46处病灶均得到有效控制。结论：PET/CT显像可以早期、有效地评价恶性肿瘤质子放射治疗的效果。     

18F-FDG PET/CT在皮革胃中的应用价值

目的：研究皮革胃的18F-FDG PET/CT图像特点,探讨18F-FDG PET/CT对其诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析13例经手术或胃镜病理证实的皮革胃18F-FDG PET/CT图像特征及临床资料。结果：低分化腺癌7例,黏液腺癌4例,印戒细胞癌2例;13例胃癌中,累及胃大弯及小弯3例,累及贲门、大弯及小弯7例,累及全胃2例,累及胃窦1例;其中合并腹水10例,大网膜累及8例,形成库肯勃瘤2例;病变最厚胃壁2.5 cm,病变最薄胃壁1.0 cm,SUVmax最大值7.5,最小值1.8。结论：PET/CT中的CT图像能较好的显示胃壁厚度、柔韧度及与周围组织的关系,对皮革胃的诊断价值较肯定,而PET SUVmax在对印戒细胞癌或黏液性腺癌所致皮革胃的诊断价值有限,容易漏诊,对低分化腺癌引起的皮革胃有一定诊断价值。     

胰腺外病变在18F-FDG PET/CT诊断胰腺癌中的价值

目的：探讨胰腺外病变在PET/CT诊断胰腺癌中的价值。方法：回顾性分析73例因胰腺病变行PET/CT检查的病例,男52例,女21例,年龄30~78岁。手术（18例）、剖腹探查（4例）、细针穿刺（25例）和影像及临床随访（28例）证实恶性47例,良性26例,随访时间为6~17个月。初始诊断仅根据PET/CT所示胰腺原发病变的SUV值和CT征象,并将拟诊为恶性者分为肯定恶性和可疑恶性,胰腺外病变分为转移性和非转移病变,根据胰腺外病变对原发病变的诊断进行修正。分别统计胰腺外病变修正前后PET/CT的灵敏度、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。结果：PET/CT发现29例有胰腺外病变,26例为转移性病变,3例为非转移性病变,并对21例的诊断进行修正,修正前后PET/CT诊断的灵敏度、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为83.0%、69.2%、78.0%、83.0%、69.2%和93.6%、76.9%、87.7%、88.0%、87.0%。修正后PET/CT的6例假阳性中,3例为实性假乳头状瘤。结论：胰腺外病变,特别是转移性病变,提高了PET/CT诊断胰腺癌的准确性。实性假乳头状瘤是修正后PET/CT假阳性的主要原因之一。     

Total-body PET/CT临床应用进展

Total-body(TB)PET/CT扫描仪于2019年用于人体显像并逐步在临床开展。相比传统PET/CT,TB PET/CT具有所需显像剂剂量低、采集时间短、图像质量高、可全身动态成像及以多种显像剂检查等优点,提高了诊断肿瘤、评价疗效及预测预后的准确性。本文就TB PET/CT临床应用进展进行综述。     

PET/CT与全身骨显像诊断不同类型骨转移瘤的对比

目的 探讨¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT 与⁹⁹Tc^m-MDP 全身骨显像对不同类型骨转移瘤的诊断价值。方法 回顾性研究26例骨转移瘤患者的PET/CT及全身骨显像(BS)资料,对比分析二者对骨转移瘤的诊断效能。根据病变的CT特征,将最终诊断的转移瘤分为溶骨型、成骨型、混合型及骨质正常型,对比分析二者对不同类型骨转移瘤诊断的灵敏度。结果 PET/CT、BS共检出病变135处(转移灶121 处、良性病灶14处),二者的诊断效能差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PET/CT和BS诊断溶骨型、成骨型、混合型和骨质正常型转移瘤的灵敏度分别为95.00%(38/40)和90.00%(36/40)、100%(25/25)和72.00%(18/25)、100%(12/12)和100%(12/12)、79.55%(35/44)和43.18%(19/44)。结论 PET/CT对骨转移瘤的诊断效能明显优于BS;对于不同类型的骨转移瘤,PET/CT与BS的诊断价值具有一定的差异。     

颅内原发性恶性淋巴瘤18F-FDG PET/CT显像3例

病例例1,男,60岁。因头痛、言语不清3周余为主诉入院。间断性发热,抗炎后好转。血沉40.0s（0～15s）,鳞状上皮细胞癌抗原升高2.3ug/L（0～1.5ug/L）;细胞角蛋白抗原32.61（0～3.6）。胸片示双侧胸腔积液,以左侧明显。胸水穿刺未找到癌细胞及抗酸杆菌。曾行抗结核治疗两周余。     

Na18F用于肿瘤骨转移病灶显像及其诊断效能

目的介绍骨转移瘤的Na18F PET/CT显像,并比较其与Na18F PET和99Tcm-亚甲基二膦酸盐(MDP)ECT显像对骨转移病灶的诊断效能。方法对临床15例多发性骨转移瘤患者,分别行Na18F PET/CT、Na18F PET和99Tcm-MDP ECT显像,将肉眼可见的骨骼热区记为转移、无法定性和非转移病灶,通过临床随访最终定性诊断为转移病灶、非转移病灶,比较3种检查方法探测骨转移灶的灵敏度、特异度和准确率。结果 Na18F PET/CT和Na18F PET均检出全部168处病灶,99Tcm-MDP ECT探测到全部病灶的64.88%(109/168)。当无法定性的病灶被计入转移病灶时,Na18F PET/CT、Na18F PET和99Tcm-MDP ECT的灵敏度、特异度分别为100%、100%;99.17%、72.92%;66.67%、39.58%。前两者与后者之间差异均有统计学意义(χ2=17.8、χ2=8.2、χ2=18.0、χ2=25.4,P均<0.05)。当无法定性的病灶被计入非转移病灶时,Na18F PET/CT、Na18F PET和99Tcm-MDP ECT的灵敏度、特异度分别为100%、93.75%;93.33%、79.17%;57.50%、81.25%。PET/CT、PET较ECT灵敏度差异均有统计学意义(χ2=26.1、χ2=22.5,P均<0.05),而特异度差异均无统计学意义(χ2=4.8、χ2=0.44,P均>0.05)。结论 Na18F PET/CT用于骨转移瘤显像具有高灵敏度、高特异度兼备的优势。     

18F-FDG PET或PET/CT显像在淋巴瘤中的应用

淋巴瘤是一组起源于淋巴造血组织的恶性实体瘤，在我国发病率居恶性肿瘤第11～13位，死亡率为1．56／10万人口。恶性淋巴瘤的分类复杂，病理特点多变，病变范围广泛，大致可分为霍奇金病（Hodgkin’s disease，HD）和非霍奇金淋巴瘤（non-Hodgkin’slymphoma，NHL）两大类。中国人淋巴瘤多为NHL，HD仅占10％左右（国外为40％）；发病年龄集中于40岁左右（国外为20～24岁，75～84岁两个年龄段）。     

PET and PET/CT imaging: what clinicians need to know

Positron emission tomography (PET), once the sole province of academic medical centers, is rapidly being adopted in daily clinical practice in community hospitals and outpatient centers. It can be especially useful in oncology, cardiology, and neurology. We provide an overview of the fundamentals of PET and PET with computed tomography (PET/CT) and discuss their current clinical utility.     

骨嗜酸性肉芽肿的18F-FDG PET/CT表现（附4例报告）

目的：探讨骨嗜酸性肉芽肿（Eosinophilic granuloma of bone,EGB）的18F-FDG PET/CT显像特征,以提高对本病的认识.方法：回顾性分析经病理证实的4例EGB的临床资料及18F-FDG PET/CT显像资料.结果：4例均为单发病灶,发生于脊柱2例,颅骨及肋骨各1例.18F-FDG PET/CT表现为不同程度的骨质破坏,3例可见软组织肿块形成,18F-FDG摄取增高,SUVmax分别为8.2、15.4、11.2及6.1.结论：EGB的18F-FDG摄取较高,CT表现有助于诊断.     

SPECT/CT骨融合显像在骨骼疾病中的应用

目的 通过对^99mTc-MDP全身骨显像所示单发或少发病灶进行(≤3处/例)SPECT/CT同机融合显像,探讨其在骨骼疾病中的临床价值。方法 对可疑转移性骨病变和不明原因骨痛的患者进行^99mTc-MDP SPECT全身骨显像后,随机选取62例单发或少发骨病灶共107处病灶进行SPECT/CT同机图像融合显像;由2名核医学科医师和1名CT诊断医师共同阅片,交换意见后作出诊断。结果 SPECT/CT融合图像诊断恶性骨病变的灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为97.92%(47/48)、96.61%(57/59)和97.20%(104/107)。结论 ^99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT骨融合显像可提高骨单发或少发病灶的准确率,具有重要临床应用价值。     

PET/CT imaging in recurrent head and neck cancer

PET/CT offers advantages over PET alone, which is limited by poor anatomic localization and CT alone, which provides morphologic data only. Retrospective fusion of separately acquired PET and CT images allows for potential fusion misregistration in the mobile head and neck between imaging sessions. Indications for PET/CT include recurrent neoplasm, tumor surveillance, and staging. This article will focus on recurrent head and neck neoplasm including, head and neck cancer, thyroid cancer, recurrent skull base tumor. PET/CT may change management in facilitating earlier detection of recurrence than is possible with conventional CT or MR imaging, in guiding biopsy, and in detecting second primary sites and distant metastases. Limitations of PET/CT include physiologic uptake, metabolically active tissue, and muscle contraction during uptake phase. PET/CT, however, is better equipped than is PET alone to mitigate these limitations by precisely localizing FDG uptake to anatomic structures. In addition, small lesions (< 1 cm) may be below scanner resolution and, therefore, a lower SUV (that is < or = 3), may suggest neoplasm. Recent treatment may result in false negative findings, especially when PET is performed within 4 months of radiation therapy. Finally, tumors of low metabolic activity (e.g., salivary gland tumors) may be prone to false negative results. In the future, PET/CT imaging will become more useful in staging head and neck cancer with improved scanner resolution. Development of specific tumor markers may allow for tumor-specific ligands that will increase sensitivity to head and neck neoplasia. Treatment targeting for radiation therapy is an application that is likely to become widely used.     

PET/CT

Molecular imaging is the visualization of specific molecular targets or its entire metabolic pathways and cells in the clinic or in living animals, especially for cancer diagnosis. Current molecular imaging techniques allow us to detect disease much earlier, to stage cancer much more accurately and noninvasively. Molecular imaging has grown to include nuclear imaging, ultrasound, and MR imaging. Hybrid techniques such as PET/CT, SPECT/CT, PET/MRI, and fluorescence imaging also have been included in molecular imaging. Hybrid imaging actually brings together all the information that is necessary for clinical diagnosis of cancer. PET/CT is a hybrid nuclear imaging technique that has been widely adopted by radiologists in oncology practice. The success of combining PET with CT imaging is due to not only the benefits of functional imaging but also an effective anatomic correlation with computed tomography.     

基于PET/CT后处理工作站行SPECT/CT骨定量分析的可行性

目的:探讨单光子发射计算机断层成像术(SPECT/CT)和正电子发射断层成像术(PET/CT)后处理工作站对SPECT/CT骨定量分析数据进行定量分析结果的一致性,对比不同工作站测量病灶的最大标准摄取值(the maximum standardized uptake value,SUVmax)、平均标准摄取值(the ...