基于热交换系数法的散热器等效建模方法研究

针对散热器结构复杂、建模难度大的问题,提出基于热交换系数法利用基座等效整个散热器,简化分析模型.首先由傅里叶定律和牛顿换热公式得到肋片传热的近似解和对流换热热流量,推导出自然对流和强迫对流两种情况下肋片对流换热系数的表达式,并根据能量守恒原则导出基座等效热交换系数关系式.然后用热分析软件Flotherm分别对等效前和等效后模型进行仿真,结果表明热交换系数法是一种行之有效的散热器简化建模方法.该方法同样适用于其它热仿真软件.     

圆柱形肋管及光管组成的蛇管式相变蓄热器充热性能的实验研究

本文在光管及纵向肋管组成的蛇管式相变蓄热流工业模拟实验台上进行了熔化过程的实验研究．揭示其充热性能变化规律．比较了光管与肋管的充热性能曲线．得到了换热效果较好的肋管优化结构．并在实验基础上．得到了具有工程实用价值的实验准则式。相变材料为三水醋酸钠（纯度＞９９．９％）     

微肋管内制冷剂流动沸腾换热研究进展

内微肋管是增强管内凝结与沸腾换热的重要技术之一,在制冷空调领域有着广泛的应用。本文基于对近年文献回顾,从实验和计算关联式两方面综述了微肋管中沸腾换热的研究现状,总结了质量流速、热流密度、干度、管道结构、润滑油等对换热系数和压降的影响,讨论了现有的沸腾换热关联式的适用性和准确性,并指出了需要进一步研究的问题。     

肋片顶部开口对微槽内流动换热特性的影响研究

针对不同的顶部开口肋片矩形微结构换热器内的流动和换热特性进行分析,并采用数值模拟的方法计算不同肋高比情况下微槽道结构散热器的流动和换热特性。结果表明:摩阻系数随着肋高比的增加而降低,随着Re的增加而减小;Nu随着肋高比的增加而降低;相同肋高比时,传热因子随着Re的增大而减小;合适的顶部开口在小Re数下可以表现出较好的流动换热特性,但是当Re增加时,其对于换热有抑制作用。     

R22和R407C在水平微肋管内冷凝传热与压降的性能分析

根据两相流动换热理论，建立纯制冷剂和非共沸混合制冷剂R407C在微肋管内冷凝的稳态分布参数模型。在此基础上用分布参数法求解控制方程，得出在不同流量、不同干度下，R22和R407C在微肋管内的冷凝传热性能，同时还得出它们在微肋管内流动的压降。本模型可用于分析R22及R407C在系统中的整体换热性能，为冷凝器的优化设计、制冷系统的匹配提供依据。     

切缝形肋片换热器

我们在进行对空调器换热器这一空调器中主要部件的性能作提高性的研究中,新研制出一种在肋片上冲压出狭长条缝的肋管式换热器。据测定,这种切缝形肋片空气侧换热系数为波形肋片的1.6倍,而用此肋片组成的肋片式换热流通量为波形肋片换热器的1.3倍。因此,若将这种换热器用于空调器上,则新产品可节电20%。     

制冷剂在微细肋管内凝结和沸腾换热性能及其阻力性能的准则关联式

本文报导了R22、R12制冷质在微细肋管内凝结换热和沸腾换热的实验结果。实验管长3m。IACE管的平均凝结换热系数为光管的1.7～2.0倍;平均沸腾换热系数为光管的2.5-3.0倍;凝结换热时的阻力系数为光管的1.6～1.9倍,沸腾换热时的阻力系数为光管的1.3～1.7倍。本文给出计算IACE管管内凝结换热时的局部以及平均换热系数、阻力系数和管内沸腾换热时的局部以及平均换热系数,阻力系数的无因次准则关联式,可供冷凝器和蒸发器设计者实际应用。     

用三维有限元求解金属淬火过程的换热系数

在金属淬火过程的数值模拟中,换热系数的正确求解是工件温度场、应力/应变场模拟结果与实际相符合的先决条件.据此研究和分析了换热系数反求法的数学模型,分别采用一维和三维有限元法对该数学模型求解.研究表明:与采用一维有限差分的求解法相比较,计算过程由一维有限元法增加到三维有限元法,与实际情况更为接近;用有限元方法求解的换热系数曲线连续且平滑,结果可靠,且编程量小;用求得的换热系数计算金属淬火试件的中心温度场变化曲线,计算结果与实测数据相吻合.     

强化管内流动沸腾换热研究现状

介绍了强化管内流动沸腾换热国内外的研究现状,分析了微肋管内流动沸腾换热的影响因素,并且给出了几个实用的微肋管内沸腾换热关联式,最后对微肋管内沸腾换热的研究方向进行了讨论.     

Heat transfer in the flow of a viscoelastic fluid over a stretching sheet

Summary The problem of heat transfer in the viscoelastic fluid flow over a stretching sheet is examined. The important physical quantities such as the skin-friction coefficient and the heat transfer coefficient, are determined. It is found that the heat transfer coefficient decreases with the non-Newtonian parameter.     

大型速冻设备蒸发器高效传热技术的试验研究

不同结构型式蒸发器的传热系数不同,选择7种不同结构的蒸发器模型,分析比较翅片形状、管径大小以及管子排列方式对蒸发器传热系数的影响,得出在不结霜工况下,传热系数最高的蒸发器结构是连续整体带波纹翅片叉排变节距结构的结论。对这种结构的蒸发器进行试验测试,得到与理论计算相符的传热系数值。     

Three-dimensional flow with heat transfer of a viscoelastic fluid over a stretching surface with a magnetic field

The present research study deals with the steady flow and heat transfer of a viscoelastic fluid over a stretching surface in two lateral directions with a magnetic field applied normal to the surface. The fluid far away from the surface is ambient and the motion in the flow field is caused by stretching surface in two directions. This result is a three-dimensional flow instead of two-dimensional as considered by many authors. Self-similar solutions are obtained numerically. For some particular cases, closed form analytical solutions are also obtained. The numerical calculations show that the skin friction coefficients in x- and y-directions and the heat transfer coefficient decrease with the increasing elastic parameter, but they increase with the stretching parameter. The heat transfer coefficient for the constant heat flux case is higher than that of the constant wall temperature case.     

Identification of materials in a hyperbolic annular fin for a given temperature requirement

This article deals with the prediction of parameters in an annular hyperbolic fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity. Three parameters such as thermal conductivity, variable conductivity coefficient and the surface heat transfer coefficient have been predicted for satisfying a prescribed temperature distribution on the surface of fin. This is achieved by a hybrid differential evolution-nonlinear programming optimization method. The effect of random measurement errors is also considered. It is observed from the present inverse analysis that many feasible materials exist satisfying the given temperature distribution, thereby providing engineering flexibility in selecting any material from the available choices. For a given material, this is possible by regulating the surface heat transfer coefficient.     

Averaged heat transfer during periodic fluctuations of the heat transfer intensity of the surface of a plate,a cylinder,or a sphere

Processes of heat transfer with periodically varying intensity on the surface of heated bodies of three typical geometries (plate, cylinder, sphere) are considered. The true heat transfer coefficient, which varies in time by the law of a periodic step function having two free parameters — amplitude and asymmetry, is specified on the heat transfer surface. Resultant relations are obtained for calculating the experimental heat transfer coefficient, which is the quantity measured in a traditional heat transfer experiment and used in applied calculations.Moscow Power Engineering Institute. Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 68, No. 2, pp. 225–228, March–April, 1995.     

Heat transfer and pressure drop of HFC134a-oil mixtures in a horizontal condensing tube

The paper reports the results of condensation heat transfer and pressure drop from tests with pure and oil-contaminated refrigerant HFC134a in a horizontal tube (10 m in length, 6 mm ID). The experimental results are compared with prediction from correlation. The heat transfer coefficient in the case of oil-contaminated refrigerant is shown to depend strongly on the definition of the saturation temperature. Using the pure refrigerant saturation temperature (hence disregarding the influence of oil on the vapour pressure), the results for average heat transfer coefficient show only minor effect of the oil contents. If the saturation temperature of the refrigerant—oil mixture is used, there is thus a significant degradation of the heat transfer coefficient (as expected) with increasing oil concentrations.     

Longitudinal propagation of a normal phase along a superconducting wire and its transient heat evacuation to a normal helium bath

The longitudinal destruction of the superconducting state along a wire by an electrical subcritical current can occur if a strong enough thermal disturbance appears somewhere along the wire. The longitudinal expansion velocity of the normal phase along the wire is then strongly dependent on the different heat production and evacuation processes. As for a wire in a superfluid helium bath, a steady boundary thermal conductance across the wire wall and the normal helium bath can be deduced by adjusting the theoretical data with the experimental data. For the temperature range considered in this paper, the steady boundary thermal conductance seems to be independent of the helium bath temperature but not of the wire surface morphology. It is also shown that the experimental and theoretical data are in strong disagreement unless a transient term in the heat transferred across the wire wall and the liquid He I separating interface is introduced in the theoretical model. A transient heat transfer coefficient is defined, and its dependence on the different wire characteristics is investigated. An empirical relationship between the transient heat transfer coefficient and the wire characteristics is deduced for a given bath temperature. The transient heat transfer coefficient is shown to depend on the maximum thermal flux released into the bath across the wire wall and not on the wire surface morphology.     

Heat transfer coefficient during two-phase flow boiling of HFC-134a

This paper reports a study of the evaporation of HFC-134a inside smooth, horizontal tubes. Tests were performed with the pure refrigerant and with oil-refrigerant mixtures. The heat flux was varied from 2 to 10 kW m⁻². The inner diameter of the tubes was 12 mm. Two evaporators were used, 4 and 10 m long, and the oil content was varied from 0 to 2.5 mass percentage (synthetic oil, EXP-0275). Oil-free HFC-134a had a higher heat transfer coefficient than HCFC-22 at the same heat and mass fluxes. The effect of oil in the refrigerant is dependent on the heat flux. At 2 and 4 kW m⁻² the heat transfer coefficient had a maximum value for an oil content of around 0.5 mass percentage; no increase is registered for a heat flux of 6 kW m⁻². The heat transfer coefficients for the pure refrigerant were also compared with two existing correlations. The measured heat transfer coefficients averaged over the evaporator deviate less than 40% from the correlation according to Pierre. The heat transfer coefficients at the short evaporator lie within 20%. The correlation given by Jung overestimates the heat transfer coefficient by approximately 50%.     

Effect of jet length and ambient temperature on the performance of a two-phase jet impingement heat sink refrigeration system

The jet impingement heat sink integrated with a compact oil-free R-134a vapor compression refrigeration system introduced in a previous work (Oliveira and Barbosa, 2017) is now further evaluated in terms of the influence of the compressor piston stroke, applied thermal load, orifice-to-heater distance (jet length) and ambient (hot end) temperature. The proposed heat sink is a compact active thermal solution for concentrated heat loads because it integrates the evaporator and the expansion device into a single unit, making use of a single two-phase impinging jet as the cooling mechanism. The present analysis is based on the coefficient of performance and other steady-state heat transfer parameters associated with the impinging jet (heat transfer coefficient and heater surface temperature). A reduction of the jet length promoted a more vigorous splattering of the jet on the heated surface, enhancing the droplet breakup, which in turn reduced significantly the critical heat flux. An increase of the hot reservoir temperature increased the jet impingement heat transfer coefficient.     

R717在小管径水平光管内流动沸腾换热及压降特性

氨制冷剂存在可燃性和毒性,因此减少其在制冷系统中的充注量极为重要。小管径换热管通常可以提供更高的表面传热系数,这可以作为提升换热器紧凑性同时减少系统中充注量的有效方法。本文搭建了氨制冷剂管内流动沸腾换热及压降测试实验装置,测试了氨制冷剂在4 mm水平光管内的流动沸腾换热及压降,并分析了干度、质量流速及热流密度对换热及压降特性的影响。结果表明:流动沸腾换热表面传热系数随着干度的增加而增大,同时质量流速和热流密度越高,流动沸腾换热表面传热系数越大。此外,氨制冷剂在管内的两相摩擦压降也随着干度的增加而增大,在固定干度下,质量流速的升高导致压降增大。