茶叶中稀土元素含量的研究进展

化学元素周期表中镧系元素以及与镧系的15个元素密切相关的两个元素钪（Sc）和钇（Y）共17种元素，称为稀土元素（RareEarth），简称稀土（RE或R）。分为轻稀土（又称铈组）和重稀土（又称钇组）。其中铈组稀土含量大于钇组稀土含量，两者比值为2．15，铈组元素的分布量每吨为101g，钇组元素的分布量为每吨49g。稀土农用是我国科学家首创，是居世界领先水平并享有自主知识产权的一项成果。     

稀土La对Cd胁迫下玉米幼苗吸收矿质元素的影响

以水培和ICP-AES法研究了稀土La对Cd胁迫下玉米幼苗矿质元素吸收和积累的影响。实验结果表明,Cd胁迫对于玉米幼苗吸收和积累矿质元素影响很大,并且随着Cd胁迫浓度的增加,影响程度趋于显著。在玉米幼苗上喷施适量浓度LaCl3(20 mg/L)能减少Cd的积累,并对矿质元素的吸收有一定促进作用。     

多元素稀土磷肥在啤酒大麦上的试验示范研究

试验示范研究表明 :啤酒大麦施用多元素稀土磷肥可促进根系发育 ,提高分蘖成穗和千粒重 ,增产效果明显 ,一般每公顷用量 75 0～ 135 0kg ,增产率达 11 1%～ 16 %。     

矿质元素对稻米品质影响研究进展

水稻是世界上重要的粮食作物,稻米品质是水稻遗传特性与生长环境、栽培技术互作的结果,矿质元素对稻米品质的形成具有重要作用.本文综述了不同矿质元素对稻米品质的影响,分别总结了大量元素、中量元素和微量元素对稻米品质的不同影响.受多种因素影响,同一矿质元素对稻米品质影响的研究结果不尽相同;矿质元素对稻米品质的影响存在品种间和不...     

尾叶香茶菜化学成分测定分析

采用分光光度法对尾叶香茶菜不同部位的黄酮和多糖进行测定分析,实验表明,尾叶香茶菜不同部位的总黄酮和多糖含量差异较大,该植物的黄酮类化台物主要存在于叶中,而多糖主要存在于根部;同时采用原子吸收分光光度法和原子荧光分光光度法测定尾叶香茶菜中无机元素含量,结果表明:尾叶香茶菜中存在多种无机元素,各元素的相对含量各有不同。     

春夏季茶树新梢无机元素含量及其动态变化

无机元素与茶树的生长发育、物质代谢乃至茶叶的产量和品质关系密切,近年来,对茶叶中无机元素含量的研究报道日益增多。竹尾忠一(1980)测定了日本和国外一些茶叶中无机元素的含量,指出各元素之间及其与茶叶滋味、品质评分之间存在着明显的相关性,戴寰     

多元素稀土磷肥在啤酒大麦上的试验示范研究

试验示范研究表明：啤酒大麦施用多元素稀土磷肥可促进根系发育，提高分蘖成穗和千粒重，增产效果明显，一般每公顷用量750—1350kg，增产率达11．1％-16％。     

茶树鲜叶矿质元素含量的季节变化

本文对福建４种茶树鲜叶中１８种矿质元素含量的季节变化进行了研究，结果表明：（１）４种茶树鲜叶中１８种元素的含量均有季节差异；（２）１８种元素在茶树鲜叶中含量的季节变化相似性状况可分为３种类型；（３）鲜叶元素含量季节变化类型元素间的相似性，在同种茶树之间更为明显；（４）茶树鲜叶元素含量的季节变化在一些元素间存在显著相关性；（５）鲜叶元素含量的季节变化具有显著相关性的元素对。     

茶元素装饰材料发展与环境艺术设计流行趋势的互动创新研究

装饰材料与环境艺术设计之间存在着互相依存的联系,装饰材料的发展能带给环境艺术设计更多的元素风格,环境艺术设计风格的流行变化也能给装饰材料带来更多变革,两者之间的互动性极高。茶元素装饰材料是具有中国传统风格的装饰材料,茶元素装饰材料的发展能让环境艺术设计体现出包容、内涵的风格,并且随着现代茶元素的风格变化其中还存在着许多的发展潜力,因此跟随着环境艺术设计的流行趋势进行变革就能让茶元素装饰材料更加具有市场竞争力与艺术表现价值。本文通过环境艺术设计流行趋势的发展变化,浅析其与茶元素装饰材料发展所存在的互动创新性关系。     

稀土处理花生试验总结

稀土包括镧、铈、镨、钕、钽、钐、钆、铕、钇、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥和钪十七种元素。稀土虽未含有作物生长的必要元素,但根据有关报道,用稀土处理多种农作物,都有不同程度的增产作用,增产幅度10—50％。为了了解稀土对花生的增产作用和原因,掌握最适宜的稀土用量和使用方法,我们做了此试验,现将试验过程和结果总结如下。     

兜兰离体快繁技术研究进展

由于生境破坏和人工过度采挖及繁殖的障碍,兜兰已是世界上最濒危的植物物种之一,所有野生种均被列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》附录I而被禁止交易。突破其种苗繁殖技术瓶颈有利于兜兰种质资源的保护和可持续利用。本文对兜兰属植物无菌播种、共生萌发和组织培养技术等离体快繁技术的进展进行综述,并提出了目前存在的问题和解决方法,以期为兜兰属植物离体繁殖技术的深入研究和优质种苗的规模化生产提供参考。     

High variation in frequency of infection by endophytes in cultivars of meadow fescue in Finland

Systemic and asymptomatic Neotyphodium fungal endophytes infect numerous species of the Poaceae. The frequencies of Neotyphodium endophyte infection in Finland were investigated among and within seven Nordic cultivars of meadow fescue, Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv., which is a widely grown pasture and forage grass species in Scandinavia. The cultivars were Kasper, Salten, Antti, Fure, Ilmari, Inkeri and Kalevi. Frequencies of infection of cultivars varied from endophyte-free cultivar Fure to highly infected cultivar Inkeri [mean (standard deviation of mean) of 0·95 (0·023)]. Mean frequencies of infection of three cultivars remained lower than 0·10, and two of the cultivars, Kasper and Salten, were intermediately infected. In most of the cultivars, frequencies of infection varied only slightly among seed lots. In cultivar Kasper, however, the frequency of endophyte infection was highly variable (0–0·96) among the 45 seed lots examined. The relative importance of cultivar, seed lot and infection by Neotyphodium endophyte to the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. was studied experimentally, using both endophyte-free and endophyte-infected plants of four seed lots of the two intermediately infected cultivars. Endophyte infection increased plant resistance to R. padi , overriding the influences of seed lot and cultivar. It is proposed that variation caused by endophyte infections in cultivars of meadow fescue should be taken into account in assessing plant breeding programmes in Europe.     

Investigation of Polymorphisms in Coding Region of OsHKT1 in Relation to Salinity in Rice

Rice(Oryza sativa) is sensitive to salinity, but the salt tolerance level differs among cultivars, which might result from natural variations in the genes that are responsible for salt tolerance. High-affinity potassium transporter(HKTs) has been proven to be involved in salt tolerance in plants. Therefore, we screened for natural nucleotide polymorphism in the coding sequence of Os HKT1, which encodes the HKT protein in eight Vietnamese rice cultivars differing in salt tolerance level. In total, seven nucleotide substitutions in coding sequence of Os HKT1 were found, including two non-synonymous and five synonymous substitutions. Further analysis revealed that these two non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions(G50T and T1209A) caused changes in amino acids(Gly17Val and Asp403Glu) at signal peptide and the loop of the sixth transmembrane domain, respectively. To assess the potential effect of these substitutions on the protein function, the 3D structure of HKT protein variants was modelled by using PHYRE2 webserver. The results showed that no difference was observed when compared those predicted 3D structure of HKT protein variants with each other. In addition, the codon bias of synonymous substitutions cannot clearly show correlation with salt tolerance level. It might be interesting to further investigate the functional roles of detected non-synonymous substitutions as it might correlate to salt tolerance in rice.     

Role of invertase in the accumulation of sugars in cold-stored potatoes

Freshly harvested potatoes contain low levels of total invertase and high levels of invertase inhibitor. Total invertase increases sharply when potatoes are placed in cold storage, but the inhibitor is not depleted in all varieties. The absence of basal invertase activity in Norchip tubers indicates that an excess of invertase is not required for reducing sugar formation. Analyses of 37 varieties and seedlings after 3 months cold storage revealed that the reducing sugar content is not proportional to the invertase activity. High sugar contents are associated with low inhibitor levels, but low sugars are not necessarily associated with high inhibitor levels. The results indicate that invertase participates in reducing sugar formation, but other factors are responsible for the regulation of starch-sugar conversion in potatoes during cold storage.     

马铃薯试管苗组织培养及微型薯诱导技术的研究

通过加入不同浓度的BA、NAA和KT,以探讨外源激素对马铃薯试管苗生理性状的影响,发现低浓度的外源激素较适合用来进行试管苗的增殖。本试验利用香豆素进行微型薯的诱导,结果表明低浓度的香豆素对提高薯重和大薯率有利,而高浓度有利于提高微型薯的结薯数量。     

Quantitative assessment of metals in local brands of tea in Pakistan

In present study, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd were analyzed by FAAS in green and black tea samples of locally available in the Pakistani market. Na and K were also determined by Flame Photometer. Tea leaves can be the source of mineral components and trace elements, as well as some undesirable substances due to exposure to the environment. Among the metals tested, K was the most abundant one followed by Na, Mn and Fe. Fortunately, toxic heavy metals, Pb and Cd, had the lowest contents in tea samples and also in tea aqueous extracts. Concentration of heavy metals in tea aqueous extract was markedly lower than their total contents except that of K. The solubility of studied metals in tea aqueous extract varied widely and ranged from 0.0-95%. The lowest ranges of solubility were listed for toxic heavy metals Pb and Cd. The possible uptake of metals by the human body from tea aqueous extract has also been determined. The amounts of metals that one may take up through consumption of tea aqueous extract were found to match the acceptable daily intake even taking into account exposure from air, food and drinking water.     

我国发展能源油料作物的策略分析

分析了国内外植物油脂的供需形势、我国耕地和边际地利用潜力、油脂植物资源的种属分布特点等,提出发展我国能源油料作物和生物柴油产业的3点建议：加大对边际地、油脂植物资源的调查等基础平台性研究,为政府决策和产业服务;加强产学研结合,形成研究、推广、产业的良性循环;制定能源植物推广应用优惠政策、推动能源油料作物生产发展。     

玉米耐盐性研究进展

综述了玉米耐盐生理机制和耐盐育种的研究进展。