基于棱镜反射光栅的低串扰自由立体投影显示方法

为解决传统柱透镜自由立体投影显示中像差和视几何引起的串扰和视点数受限问题,基于回归反射,提出了一种棱镜反射光栅自由立体投影显示方法。通过分析其3D成像的原理,对棱镜反射光栅自由立体投影显示进行仿真,发现该方法在水平视宽相同的条件下,视场照度是柱透镜光栅投影的10倍,而其串扰比是柱透镜光栅投影的1/5,且不存在次视区。制作了棱镜反射光栅屏,并搭建系统进行实验,验证了棱镜反射光栅自由立体投影显示方案的可行性。     

大视场曲面仿生复眼光学系统设计

为了解决传统成像系统存在的大视场与高分辨率不可兼得的问题,设计了大视场曲面仿生复眼光学系统。首先,针对所采用的间隔型圆周分层微透镜阵列排布方式,建立了一种曲面仿生复眼光学系统成像原理数学模型;再使用微透镜阵列与转像系统相结合的成像方案解决了微透镜阵列所成的曲面像与平面探测器不匹配的问题;并使用光学设计软件对该系统进行仿真分析及公差分析。设计得到的曲面仿生复眼光学系统总视场为152°,组合系统的焦距为61.14 mm,角分辨率为2.304″,系统总长为16.39 mm。相对传统的大视场成像系统而言,此曲面仿生复眼成像系统的畸变更小、分辨率更高。     

像旋扫描在红外成像系统中的应用研究

分析了采用像旋扫描原理扩大视场的途径,并建立了一个二次成像结构的设计模型.采用别汉棱镜作为像方一维扫描器件,并通过偏置致冷型中波红外探测器,实现了光学系统出瞳与冷光阑的完全匹配.此外,采用光学被动消热差以保证不同温度下的像质.该模型的相对孔径为1∶3,波长为3.7～4.8μm,焦距为34 mm,视场为士20°.通过采用...     

偏光棱镜视场角的严格分析

本文以格兰·泰勒棱镜为例,给出了任意入射面上的视场角计算公式,分析了视场角与入射面方位的关系,为高精度棱镜的测量和棱镜特征参量的精确标定提供了依据。     

空间光学遥感器大型分束棱镜支撑结构设计

分束棱镜是大型空间遥感器分离光束的重要部件。为解决空间遥感器中大型分束棱镜的支撑问题,对尺寸为200mm×200mm×200mm的分束棱镜的支撑结构展开研究。提出基于半运动学支撑和被动温度补偿原理的立方分束棱镜支撑结构,建立棱镜的接触约束,模拟边界条件的非线性,利用非线性有限元方法进行工程分析,最后分析验证。结果显示,在自重与±15℃稳态温度变化耦合作用下分束棱镜通光面面形误差PV值优于73.2nm,RMS值优于12nm;棱镜组件的一阶固有频率达到183Hz;表明该分束棱镜支撑结构方案设计合理,能够满足空间环境下对其结构刚度与热稳定性的要求。     

一种小型化探测器固联于弹体式导引头光学系统设计

为实现探测器组件固联于弹体且导引头结构小型化,采用了由特殊棱镜与反射镜组成的光学滑环式光机结构设计。光学系统的前镜组、反射镜嵌入内框架,实现±90?扫描运动;内框架、特殊棱镜组件嵌入外框架,实现360?扫描运动,进而使光学系统具有前半球的跟踪视场。设计结果表明光学系统在-70℃~+90℃温度范围内调制传递函数接近衍射极限,成像清晰,满足光、机、热一体化设计要求。实验结果显示,研制的光学系统其焦距60 mm,视场大小为3?,在20 lp/mm处,轴上视场的调制传递函数(MTF)高于0.7。系统实现了探测器组件固联于弹体及光机系统小型化的目的。     

胶合剂折射率对格兰-汤普逊棱镜性能影响的分析

为了分析胶合剂折射率对Glan-Thompson棱镜性能的影响,采用理论分析的方法,得出棱镜视场角以及光正入射和斜入射时棱镜的透射比与胶合剂折射率的关系式。在此基础上,针对几种确定长度孔径比的Glan-Thompson棱镜,利用计算机拟合,取得棱镜视场角及透射比随胶合剂折射率变化的关系曲线,并进行了实验验证。结果表明,对于不同长度孔径比的棱镜,最大视场角不同,且对应不同的胶合剂折射率值;胶合剂折射率等于e光的主折射率时,棱镜有最大透射比;由于棱镜的长度孔径比、最大视场角、透射比以及胶合剂折射率之间有相互制约的关系,采用长度孔径比为2.5的棱镜设计和折射率为1.45~1.46的胶合剂是一种较佳的方案。这一结果对优化Glan-Thompson棱镜的视场角和透射比是有帮助的。     

激光陀螺光束精密耦合方法与实验研究

针对目前人工进行光束精密耦合所存在的装配效率低,质量一致性差的问题,开发出了一套激光陀螺光束精密耦合装配系统。分析了激光陀螺光束精密耦合原理,发现耦合光束的光场强度具有高斯分布特点,提出了光电探测器位姿的调整方法。分析了合光棱镜转动时的光路变化,提出了合光棱镜位姿的调整方法。并制定了光电探测器位置和合光棱镜位姿调整策略。依据上述调整方法和策略,在激光陀螺光束精密耦合系统上进行了光束耦合装配实验,实验结果表明该实验装配平台能够完成光束精密耦合装配任务。     

棱镜耦合器的耦合模描述

本文把Marcuse的理想波导耦合模方程推广到多波导耦合系统。在此基础上,利用导模与辐射模的耦合模理论较系统地描述了棱镜耦合器的输入、输出特性。对弱耦合,我们的结论与Tien和Ulrich的平面波分析一致。     

基于棱镜的激光周视接收系统的设计

为了实现对目标全向探测和精确定位,采用成像光学与非成像光学相结合的方法,设计了一种可用于周视探测的非对称激光回波接收光学系统。由于子午和弧矢两方向视场差异很大,需加入特殊的非对称结构来平衡两方向的视场差异,该系统采用阶梯棱镜和倒置柱面望远镜对弧矢方向大视场进行角度压缩,后经过对称聚焦子系统将光能量收集到直径为1.5mm的圆形探测器上。系统由1块阶梯棱镜、1片非球面镜、2片柱面镜和2片球面镜组成,其光圈数达到0.56。结果表明,单套接收系统完成±30°视场探测,6套接收系统组合起来可实现360°周视无盲点探测。整体系统体积小、结构简单,有良好的适用性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks