后颅窝小骨窗减压及硬膜成形术治疗Chiari Ⅰ型畸形合并脊髓空洞症

目的 研究后颅窝小骨窗减压及硬膜成形术治疗Chiari Ⅰ型畸形合并脊髓空洞症的手术疗效.方法 枕下正中入路,咬除枕骨大孔后缘及环椎后弓,显微镜下切开硬脊膜,根据小脑扁桃体下疝程度及粘连严重程度决定不切、部分切除或电凝小脑扁桃体,重建第四脑室正中孔与小脑延髓外侧池之间的交通.开放脊髓中央管开口,无张力修补硬脑膜,重建枕大池的正常脑脊液循环.结果 42例手术均顺利完成,术后恢复平稳,无严重并发症.患者的肌力、痛、温觉及肌张力均有不同程度的好转.随访6个月～3年MRI,27例示下疝之扁桃体均回缩3～5mm,8例空洞消失,脊髓形态接近正常,19例空洞缩小.结论 采用后颅窝小骨窗减压及硬膜成形术,是治疗Chiari Ⅰ型畸形合并脊髓空洞症的有效方法.     

Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞症及颅底凹陷临床分析

目的 探讨Chiari 畸形合并脊髓空洞症及颅底凹陷的治疗方法及疗效.方法 2010 年3 月-2011 年12 月,我院收治18 例MRI 证实的Chiari 畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者,给予后路枕下减压以及小脑扁桃体切除术进行治疗,2 例MRI和颅脑X线证实的Chiari 畸形合并颅底凹陷患者,给予后路枕下减压以及寰枕融合术进行治疗,对其临床疗效进行观察.结果 17 例临床症状得到明显改善,3 例病情稳定.复查时,MRI 检查16 例脊髓空洞消失,2 例缩小,2 例无明显变化.结论 对于chiari 畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者,应根据畸形的具体形态和严重程度,选择减压方法以及减压窗的范围,尽可能地恢复脑脊液畅通的循环,恢复膜性结构.     

先天性小脑扁桃体下疝畸形合并脊髓空洞症的手术治疗(附14例报告)

目的　了解先天性小脑扁桃体下疝畸形合并脊髓空洞症的手术治疗效果。方法　对 14例先天性小脑扁桃体下疝畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者 ,根据不同的病情采用相应的手术方式进行治疗。其中 9例单纯行后颅窝和上颈椎椎板切除减压、枕大池成形术 ;5例行后颅窝减压、枕大池成形加脊髓空洞分流术。结果　优 11例 ,良 3例 ,有效率为 10 0 %。 14例术后随访 ,复查MRI示脊髓空洞较术前明显缩小 12例 ,空洞无明显改变 2例。结论　先天性小脑扁桃体下疝合并脊髓空洞有临床症状者 ,根据不同的病例情况采用相应的手术方式。     

采用改良手术方法治疗17例Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞症的体会

治疗Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞症的传统方法是后颅窝减压术.近年来由于对传统后颅窝减压术的缺陷认识加深,以及对Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞发病机制的深入研究,治疗方法也不断改进.我们采用枕大孔扩大减压,小脑扁桃体复位,枕大池重建术治疗小脑扁桃体下疝畸形--脊髓空洞(CM-SM)复合征,并进行随访观察,效果良好,现报告如下.     

Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的改良锁孔手术

Chiari畸形是一组以后颅窝狭小伴小脑扁桃体下疝畸形为特点的先天发育异常性疾病,常合并脊髓空洞症。目前手术治疗方法较多,疗效差异较大。2005年1月-2008年12月,笔者科室收治Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症56例,采用后颅窝改良锁孔手术,行小骨窗减压及枕大池成形,治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症18例,效果良好,现报道如下。     

Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞症的手术治疗

目的：探讨Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的手术治疗方法及效果。方法：对27例Chiari畸形患者根据其MRI分型采用不同手术方式治疗。结果：依据其分型采用不同的手术方式并获得满意的治疗效果。其中,行后颅窝减压3例,后颅窝减压并脊髓空洞切开引流9例,后颅窝减压并行小脑扁桃体切除及枕大池重建15例。结论：手术使延颈髓充分减压,恢复颅-椎脑脊液循环,有效缓解临床症状,并对脊髓空洞有明显的恢复作用。     

Chiari畸形Ⅰ型合并脊髓空洞症48例手术治疗探讨

目的：探讨分析Chiari畸形Ⅰ型合并脊髓空洞症的治疗方法及疗效。方法：回顾性的分析了48例经MRI证实的Chiari畸形I型（CMI）合并脊髓空洞症（SM）患者的治疗和随访情况,其中行后颅窝减压12例,后颅窝减压并SM切开引流术24例,后颅窝减压并小脑扁桃体切除术8例,小脑扁桃体切除并Ⅳ脑室闩部假膜切开术4例。结果：48例患者均得到随访,临床症状均有不同程度缓解,MRI复查脊髓空洞均有不同程度缩小。结论：后颅窝减压术、空洞切开引流术、小脑扁桃体切除术及其不同组合手术是治疗CMI合并SM的行之有效方法。     

ChiariⅠ型畸形合并脊髓空洞的诊治体会

目的探讨ChiariⅠ型畸形合并脊髓空洞的诊断及治疗。方法我科自1997年7月-2006年7月对收治的15例经MRI证实的ChiariⅠ型畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者实施了后颅窝减压、小脑延髓池扩大成形加空洞-蛛网膜下隙分流术,术后均得到随访,其中12例复查头颈部MRI。结果按Tator标准进行评定,优9例,良5例,差1例,有效率为93.3％,无手术死亡者。结论MRI是Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的最理想、最可靠的检查方法。后颅窝减压,小脑延髓池扩大成形加空洞-蛛网膜下隙分流术是ChiariⅠ型畸形合并脊髓空洞的最理想的治疗方法。     

颅底凹陷畸形合并寰枢脱位的外科治疗

目的探讨颅底凹陷畸形合并寰枢脱位的外科治疗方法.方法根据其临床表现和影像学特征,将85例颅底凹陷畸形合并寰枢脱位的患者分为A、B组,A组行后方入路枕下减压术和/或枕颈植骨融合内固定术,B组行后外侧入路枕下减压加齿状突切除术和枕颈植骨融合术.结果两组病例疗效明显,A组总有效率87.5%,显效率31.2%.B组总有效率81.1%,显效率24.5%,病死率3.8%.结论后方入路枕下减压术后外侧入路枕下减压加齿状突切除术并枕颈植骨融合术皆是治疗颅底凹陷畸形合并寰枢脱位的有效方法,但各有其适应证.     

Chiari Ⅰ型畸形合并脊髓空洞症2例报告

Chiari畸形是一种神经系统先天发育异常性疾病,其主要特征为小脑扁桃体疝入枕大孔及椎管内,第四脑室及延髓随之下移,且部分患者合并有脊髓空洞。目前Chiari畸形的治疗仍以外科手术为主,但对于手术方式的选择仍然存在争议。我院近年来收治2例ChiariⅠ型畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者,采用后颅窝减压、硬膜成形并小脑扁桃体部分切除术治疗,收到了良好的效果。现报告如下。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.