伤害性刺激对家兔定量药物脑电图α1频段的影响

目的:观察伤害性刺激对家兔定量药物脑电图(QPEEG)α1频段的影响.方法:壮年家兔,雌雄不拘,经耳缘静脉注射肌松剂,建立肌松兔模型,在此模型上随机分为擦拭刺激组、钳炙刺激组和切皮刺激组,每组9只,分别给予棉球擦拭、钳夹兔耳缘、做腹正中腹膜外切口3种刺激.应用QPEEG,采用功率谱分析技术,观察刺激前30s及刺激后30 s、60 s、2 min、5 min和10 min的兔脑α1频段功率百分比的变化.结果:与刺激前相比,擦拭刺激组各脑区α1频段功率百分比无明显改变(P＞0.05);钳灾刺激组除左顶、右枕脑区外,α1频段功率百分比在钳夹后30～60 s内升高(P＜0.05);切皮刺激组在切皮后30 s～2 min内,各脑区α1频段功率百分比均明显升高(P＜0.05).结论:伤害性刺激引起兔QPEEG α1频段功率百分比升高,提示α1频段功率百分比有可能成为反映镇痛程度的指标.     

顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵对兔定量药物脑电图α_1、α_2频段的影响

目的:观察顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵对兔定量药物脑电图(QPEEG)α1、α2频段的影响。方法:采用QPEEG功率谱分析法,分析兔耳缘静脉注射顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵0.3 mg/kg前后α1、α2频段功率百分比的变化。结果:与给药前比较,各脑区α1频段功率百分比在给药后各时间点(除右额在5 min、40 min稍降低)均增加,且左额、右顶、右枕及颞区在个别时间点的比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01)。与给药前比较,各脑区α2频段功率百分比在给药后各时间点(除左顶在5 min,左枕在10 min稍降低)均增加,且额、顶及左颞区在各时间点的比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01)。结论:顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵能够增加兔QPEEGα1、α2频段功率百分比。     

布托啡诺对兔定量药物脑电图的影响

目的：观察布托啡诺对兔定量药物脑电图（ QPEEG）的影响。方法24只健康成年家兔随机分为4组（n＝6）,分别静脉注射生理盐水1 ml· kg^-1及布托啡诺0．1、0．5、2．5 mg· kg^-1;应用数字脑电地形图仪,分别记录给药前30 s,给药后30 s及给药后1、2、3、5 min兔左、右大脑额、顶、枕、颞8个脑区QPEEG,采用功率谱分析,分析给药前后QPEEG的变化。结果与给药前比较,生理盐水组及布托啡诺0．1 mg· kg^-1组、0．5 mg· kg^-1组各脑区各频段功率百分比均无明显变化,2．5 mg· kg^-1组左脑额、顶、枕区α1频段功率百分比在30 s～5 min内减少（P＜0．05）。结论小、中剂量布托啡诺对家兔QPEEG各脑区各频段功率百分比无明显影响,大剂量布托啡诺可以减少左脑额、顶、枕区α1频段功率百分比。表明布托啡诺与阿片受体完全激动剂在大脑皮质的作用部位、频段上存在着差别。     

丙泊酚复合不同浓度芬太尼对定量药物脑电图α1频段的影响

目的观察相同镇静程度下丙泊酚复合不同浓度芬太尼对定量药物脑电图(quantitative pharmaco-EEG,QPEEG)α1频段的影响。方法 40例全身麻醉下行下腹部择期手术的患者随机分为两组,Ⅰ组:丙泊酚复合芬太尼(2 ng/mL);Ⅱ组:丙泊酚复合芬太尼(4 ng/mL)。两组均维持脑电双频指数(BIS)值在45~55范围内。分别记录两组在麻醉诱导前(T0)、诱导后(T1)、气管插管后1 min(T2)及切皮后1 min(T3)时的BIS、HR、MAP及QPEEG。利用功率谱分析技术计算QPEEGα1频段的相对功率百分比。结果与麻醉前相比,麻醉诱导后两组患者的MAP都降低,HR减慢,大多数脑区α1频段功率百分比均降低(P<0.05);与T1相比,T2时Ⅰ、Ⅱ组MAP、HR均升高(P<0.05),α1频段功率百分比均增加(P<0.05),且组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。T3时Ⅰ组MAP、HR、α1频段功率百分比均升高(P<0.05),Ⅱ组MAP、HR、α1频段功率百分比均无明显变化(P>0.05),组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相同镇静程度下,QPEEGα1频段功率百分比的增加与伤害反应密切相关。QPEEGα1频段有望成为反映疼痛的有效指标。     

顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵对兔定量药物脑电图β1、β2频段的影响

目的观察顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵对兔定量药物脑电图(QPEEG)β1、β2频段的影响。方法采用QPEEG功率谱分析法,分析并观察兔耳缘静脉注射顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵0.3mg/kg前及注射后5、10、20、30、40min时β1和β2频段功率百分率(其功率占总功率的百分率)及波幅的变化。结果与给药前相比,给药后各时间点额、顶、枕、颞各脑区β1和β2频段功率百分率(其功率占总功率的百分率)及波幅均降低,在给药后40min时有恢复趋势。其中给药后5、10、30min时左额区β1频段功率百分率显著降低(P值分别<0.05、0.01),给药后20min时右额区β2频段功率百分率显著降低(P<0.05),给药后5、10、20、30min时左额区β2频段功率百分率及左顶和左颞区β1和β2频段功率百分率显著降低(P值分别<0.05、0.01),给药后各时间点的右顶、左枕、右枕、右颞区β1和β2频段功率百分率显著降低(P值分别<0.05、0.01)。结论顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵能够降低兔QPEEGβ1、β2频段功率百分比及波幅。     

穴位按压对人定量药物脑电图的影响

目的 为建立更好的疼痛程度监测方法,观察穴位按压对人定量药物脑电图(QPEEG)的影响.方法 青年志愿者24名,均给予合谷穴和足三里机械定量按压刺激,观察各刺激前后QPEEG各频段(δ、θ、α1、α2、β1及β2)功率百分比的变化.结果 ①与合谷穴按压刺激前相比,α1频段功率百分比在刺激后各时间点增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),α2频段功率百分比在刺激后各时间点降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),而其余各频段功率百分比均无明显变化(P>0.05);②与足三里按压刺激前相比,δ频段功率百分比在刺激后10、20 s降低(P<0.05),α1频段功率百分比在刺激后各时间点增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),α2频段功率百分比在刺激后各时间点降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),而其余各频段功率百分比均无明显变化(P>0.05).结论 穴位按压能够引起人QPEEG α1频段功率百分比增加,α2频段功率百分比降低,提示α1和α2频段功率百分比有可能成为监测压力刺激强度的指标.     

丙泊酚对人定量药物脑电图δ频段功率百分比的影响

目的观察丙泊酚对人定量药物脑电图（QPEEG）δ频段功率百分比的影响。方法青年志愿者20人,每组10人,男女各半,分别静脉注射丙泊酚1.0 mg/kg、1.5 mg/kg,观察比较2组给药前后QPEEG的δ频段功率百分比。结果注射丙泊酚后,2组QPEEGδ频段功率百分比均增加（P〈0.01））,25 min达高峰,约10min恢复。1.5 mg/kg组QPEEGδ频段功率百分比增加幅度大于1.0 mg/kg组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论丙泊酚可剂量依赖性地增加人QPEEGδ频段功率百分比,提示QPEEGδ频段功率百分比有可能成为监测丙泊酚麻醉深度的指标。     

依托咪酯对人定量药物脑电图δ频段功率百分比的影响

目的观察依托咪酯对人定量药物脑电图（quantitative pharmaco-EEG,QPEEG）δ频段功率百分比的影响。方法选择志愿者20人,随机均分为2组,每组10人,男女各半,分别静脉注射0.2 mg/kg或0.3 mg/kg依托咪酯,观察、比较给药前后QPEEG的δ频段功率百分比。结果静脉输注依托咪酯后,两组志愿者QPEEG的δ频段功率百分比均增加（P〈0.01）,2-5 min达高峰,约10 min恢复。0.3 mg/kg组QPEEGδ频段功率百分比增加幅度大于0.2 mg/kg组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论依托咪酯可剂量依赖性地增加人QPEEG的δ频段功率百分比,提示QPEEG的δ频段功率百分比可能成为监测依托咪酯麻醉深度的指标。     

遗忘型轻度认知损害脑电功率值变化分析

目的 探讨遗忘型轻度认知损害(aMCI)患者脑电功率值的特点,为痴呆早期诊断提供帮助.方法 分析28 例aMCI 患者(aMCI 组)、24 例轻- 中度阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者(AD 组)的脑电功率值,并与20 名健康老年人(HC 组)进行比较.结果 aMCI 组与HC组比较,前颞区和额区慢波相对功率(%)显著增高(P＜0.05).AD 组与aMCI 组、HC 组比较,慢波δ、θ的绝对功率值(滋V2)与相对功率值(%)均显著增高(P＜0.05);α、β波段相对功率(%)局限性降低(P＜0.05).结论 脑电功率值能很好的区分aMCI与轻度AD;前颞区和额区慢波相对功率(%)增高,可有助于aMCI的诊断.     

盐酸戊乙奎醚对兔定量药物脑电图δ频段功率百分比的影响

目的 探讨盐酸戊乙奎醚对家兔定量脑电图（QPEEG）δ频段的影响.方法 24只成年家兔随机分为生理盐水（NS）组,盐酸戊乙奎醚0.03、0.09和0.27 mg/kg组,每组6只.应用QPEEG,采用功率谱分析法,分析兔静脉注射盐酸盐酸戊乙奎醚前后脑电图的变化.结果 仅0.27 mg/kg剂量盐酸戊乙奎醚对个别脑区的δ频段功率百分比有轻微影响,NS组、盐酸戊乙奎醚0.03和0.09 mg/kg组δ频段功率百分比组间比较无统计学意义.结论 盐酸戊乙奎醚对兔QPEEGδ频段功率百分比无明显影响。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.