大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的原代培养

目的分离、培养原代脑微血管内皮细胞,建立体外血脑屏障模型。同时探索高纯度、活性好的脑微血管内皮细胞的分离培养方法。方法取3周大鼠大脑,分离皮质,经过匀浆、葡聚糖离心以及消化后,取纯度较高的脑微血管段种植于胶原蛋白包被过的塑料培养瓶中进行培养。显微镜观察及检测Ⅷ因子相关抗原。结果镜下细胞呈长梭形。7d左右细胞可融合,Ⅷ因子相关抗原免疫组化检测为阳性．且阳性细胞占绝大部分。结论本实验成功分离大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞,并进行原代培养,为脑微血管内皮细胞的进一步研究提供了模型．也为构建更高级的大鼠体外血脑屏障奠定基础。     

小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的原代培养与纯化

目的:探讨纯度较高的小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的分离与原代培养。方法:取8～14周龄BALB/c或C57/BL6小鼠,无菌分离脑组织,采用改进的两种方法即2次酶消化和1次密度梯度离心法及1次酶消化和1次密度梯度离心法分离小鼠脑微血管段,接种于涂布有Ⅳ型胶原的培养皿上进行原代培养,相差显微镜下观察细胞形态,并以免疫荧光法鉴定Ⅷ因子相关抗原。结果:改进的两种方法均可见内皮细胞在接种后12～16 h从微血管段周围爬出,5～7 d时细胞呈"漩涡状"生长,并可见细胞汇合,90%以上培养的细胞Ⅷ因子相关抗原表达阳性。结论:改进后的两种方法均能进行较高纯度的小鼠腑微血管内皮细胞的分离和原代培养。     

大鼠脑动脉内皮细胞培养

目的:探讨获取高纯度的原代SD大鼠脑动脉内皮细胞(cerebral artery endothelial cell,CAEC)的培养方法。方法:选取5~6周SD雄性大鼠6只,体重110~140 g,取大脑,取脑动脉,剪碎,接种于明胶包被的直径35 mm培养皿中,内皮细胞培养基培养;采用倒置显微镜观察内皮细胞生长状况及其形态;免疫荧光法检测动脉内皮标志物Ⅷ因子相关抗原的表达。结果:培养60 h后可见细胞从贴壁的血管片段周围长出,细胞呈梭形;培养7 d后细胞可融合成片,融合后的脑动脉细胞呈典型的"鹅卵石"样外观;免疫荧光法检测显示动脉内皮标志物Ⅷ因子相关抗原表达阳性,内皮细胞纯度90%以上。结论:该方法能够成功获得纯度较高的原代SD大鼠脑动脉内皮细胞。     

原代大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的培养及鉴定

建立一种纯度较高的原代大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的分离培养方法。取7～10日龄SD大鼠脑组织,经匀浆,牛血清白蛋白密度梯度离心,Ⅱ型胶原酶消化获得脑微血管段后,置于CO_2培养箱中进行原代培养。通过细胞形态学观察、第Ⅷ因子相关抗原免疫细胞化学染色鉴定所培养的细胞。在倒置显微镜下,体外培养24～48 h后,细胞从贴壁的脑微血管段周围爬出,单个细胞为短梭形或多角形,呈团簇状单层贴壁生长,待细胞密集融合后,则成典型的"铺路石样"涡旋状排列;Ⅷ因子免疫细胞化学染色检测,相关抗原表达为阳性,细胞胞质显棕黄色,阳性细胞率达99%以上。该方法能够成功分离培养出原代大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞。     

改良大鼠肺微血管内皮细胞原代培养技术及细胞鉴定

目的 改进大鼠肺微血管内皮细胞的原代培养方法,并对所培养的原代细胞进行鉴定.方法 应用SD大鼠的外周肺组织,进行大鼠肺微血管内皮细胞的原代培养.从动物选取、取材、肺灌注、植块贴壁、培养基及添加物的选择等方面对肺微血管内皮细胞原代培养技术方法进行改进.从细胞形态学特征,免疫组织化学检测血管内皮细胞表面标志物（CD31抗原和Ⅷ因子相关抗原的表达）,荧光显微镜观察异硫氰酸荧光标记植物凝集素与肺微血管内皮细胞特异性结合情况等方面鉴定所培养的肺微血管内皮细胞.流式细胞仪检测细胞纯度,噻唑蓝测量细胞生长曲线.结果 原代培养肺微血管内皮细胞成多角形,融合为单层后呈典型的鹅卵石或铺路石样生长,传代培养后可变为梭形呈漩涡样生长或聚集生长.免疫组织化学显示细胞CD31和Ⅷ因子相关抗原的表达阳性;异硫氰酸荧光标记植物凝集素结合试验阳性.细胞生长状态良好、细胞纯度达93.2％.结论 改进后的原代培养方法简便、可靠,获得的肺微血管内皮细胞污染少、纯度高,状态良好,保持了内皮细胞的结构和特性.     

小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的原代培养与鉴定

目的探索和建立一种纯度高、操作简单且重复性强的小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞原代培养方法。方法通过剪碎、过细胞筛网等物理方法,结合白蛋白密度梯度离心及化学酶消化法,并以严格控制1 g/LⅡ型胶原蛋白酶消化作用时间15～20 min为首要,从2～3周龄ICR小鼠脑组织中分离培养出小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞。通过细胞形态学观察和免疫细胞化学染色检测Ⅷ因子相关抗原鉴定所培养的细胞。结果接种24 h,贴壁的血管段周围爬出多角形或短梭状细胞,并逐渐扩散成团簇状; 7 d后细胞融合,呈典型的单层、"铺路石样"镶嵌式排列。Ⅷ因子相关抗原细胞免疫化学染色鉴定为阳性,胞质呈棕红色,内皮细胞纯度达95%以上。结论成功建立了一种操作简单、重复性强、目的细胞纯度高的小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞原代培养方法。     

成年大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞的分离与培养

目的本文建立一种简便、高效的成年大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞分离及培养的方法。方法选取7~8周龄Wistar大鼠,麻醉后开胸取出心脏,采用离体心脏灌流和酶消化法进行心肌微血管内皮细胞的分离;取第3代细胞观察其增殖特征并绘制增殖曲线;用免疫细胞化学和免疫荧光对细胞的第Ⅷ因子相关抗原和CD31进行鉴定,利用基质胶检验其血管形成能力。结果体外培养心肌微血管内皮细胞呈多边形或梭形,具有典型的铺路石样生长特点;同时,第Ⅷ因子相关抗原和CD31呈阳性;具备血管形成能力。结论本方法培养的成年大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞具有较高的纯度,方法简便易行,可用于心血管疾病基础及临床研究。     

乳鼠心肌膜微血管内皮细胞的体外培养

目的 改进心肌膜微血管内皮细胞的体外培养方法,为进一步研究其结构和功能提供实验数据.方法 选取10～15d龄的SD大鼠,采用植块法培养原代心肌膜微血管内皮细胞,在继代培养中通过差速消化和差速贴壁方法、结合倒置显微镜下形态学的观察进行继代培养和纯化,利用免疫细胞化学方法检测第Ⅷ因子相关抗原对培养细胞进行了鉴定.结果 成功培养了大鼠心肌膜微血管内皮细胞,细胞呈多边形或鹅卵石状;免疫细胞化学染色第Ⅷ因子相关抗原显阳性.结论 改良了心肌膜微血管内皮细胞的体外培养方法,获得了较高纯度的心肌膜微血管内皮细胞,可用于进一步的科学研究.     

大鼠脑皮质微血管内皮细胞培养和形态学观察

为获取较纯净脑微血管内皮细胞进行血脑屏障的病理生理研究，我们采用脑组织匀浆、过滤和酶消化技术分离大鼠脑微血管，对分离的脑微血管内皮细胞进行了体外培养和形态学观察。倒置显微镜下，细胞具有单层“卵石样”排列的典型特征、电镜观察可见细胞间连接，免疫酶技术显示，95％以上的细胞为第Ⅷ因子相关抗原反应阳性，进一步证实为血管内皮细胞。     

大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的培养

目的:探索一种简便易行、可培养出高纯度大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的方法。方法:1月龄SD大鼠,解剖得到大脑皮质,密度离心法获得较纯的脑微血管段后进行原代培养,传代采用差速消化和贴壁方法进行纯化。通过形态学观察及第Ⅷ因子相关抗原免疫荧光检测对培养细胞进行鉴定。结果:密度离心法分离出的大量微血管段呈"串珠样"结构,培养24h可见短梭形、多角形细胞,8～10天基本融合。第2代细胞经免疫荧光染色,第Ⅷ因子相关抗原呈阳性,阳性率达90%。结论:原代细胞采用低分子量葡聚糖加Percoll密度离心法、传代细胞采用差速消化和差速贴壁法纯化可成功培养高纯度的脑微血管内皮细胞。     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs

A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.     

A comparative study of the effects of dimebon,obsidan, finoptin,and cordaron on the functional state of ischemic focus and size of necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction

Dimebon, an antihistamine agent, exerts a moderate antianginal effect, improving the function of ischemic focus in the myocardium and decreasing the necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction. Dimebon is less active than obsidan, finoptin (except for the size of the necrotic zone), and cordaron. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 12, pp. 642–644, December, 1996     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells on surface-modified PEEK substrata

A series of surface-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films has been prepared by selective wet-chemistry; they are hydroxylated polymer (PEEK-OH) obtained by reduction, aminated polymer (PEEK-[]-NH2) prepared by coupling a diisocyanate reagent to PEEKOH (PEEK-[]-NCO) followed by hydrolysis, and carboxylated and aminocarboxylated polymers (PEEK-[]-GABA and PEEK-Lysine) resulting from the coupling of aminoacids to PEEK-[]-NCO. The aminated and carboxylated substrata promoted the adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells in the presence of serum. Fibronectin (FN), an extra-cellular matrix protein, has been covalently fixed and/or adsorbed on various PEEK substrata, in the presence or not of a polymeric surfactant (Pluronic F68). The performances of the FN-grafted substrata (PEEK-[]-FN(1) and PEEK-[]-FN(2)) were significantly higher than those of reference substrata simply coated with FN (PEEK-OH(+FN)(1) and (2), PEEK-[]-NH2(+FN)(1) and (2)), considering the adhesion and spreading of CaCo2 cells in the absence of serum. Moreover, the stability of the adherent cells on the FN-adsorbed substrata dramatically depended on the experimental conditions applied during the PEEK coating with FN.