18F-FDG PET显像在非小细胞肺癌临床分期中的价值

目的 探讨^18F-脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射体层显像(^18F-FDG PET)在非小细胞肺癌(NscLC)临床分期中的价值。方法 105例NSCLC患者于放射治疗前行^18F-FDG PET检查,进行PET分期,并将PET分期和CT分期结果进行比较分析。结果 ^18F-FDG PET扫描使38例NSCLC患者分期改变,其中分期升级31例,分期降级7例。21例分期升级者PET检查发现了远处转移灶,其治疗方案由根治性治疗改为姑息性治疗;6例分期降级者进行了根治性手术治疗,其中5例PET分期与病理分期一致。PET发现远处转移灶的几率随PET扫描前分期的升级而上升,其中Ⅰ期10．0％(2／20),Ⅱ期14．3％(3／21),Ⅲ期25．0％(16／64)。结论 ^18F-FDG PET显像改变了36．2％(38／105)NSCLC患者的临床分期,影响了其治疗策略。^18F-FDG PET显像对NSCLC患者的临床分期有重要的参考价值。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在胃癌诊断中的应用

[目的]评价18F-FDG PET/CT显像在胃癌诊断中的应用.[方法]49例经胃镜和病理确诊的胃癌患者进行18F-FDG PET/CT显像,其诊断结果与病理学检查、其他影像学检查及临床随访比较.[结果] 49例患者18F-FDG PET/CT阳性44例,阳性率89.8％;39例有淋巴结转移患者中18F-FDGPET/CT显像发现32例,灵敏度为82.1％(32/39); 12例有远处转移患者中18F-FDG PET/CT显像发现11例,灵敏度91.6％(11/12).[结论]18F-FDG PET/CT显像对胃癌原发灶、淋巴结转移和远处转移具有较高的灵敏度,18F-FDG PET/CT显像在胃癌诊断中具有较高的临床价值.     

^18F—FDGPET／CT显像与CT增强在肾癌诊断中的对比研究

目的:评价18F-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-fluorodeoxyglucose,18F-FDG)PET/CT显像对肾癌诊断和治疗方案选择的临床应用.方法:回顾性分析50例临床诊断为肾癌患者的全身18F-FDG PET/CT及CT平扫加增强的影像学资料,比较两者对肾癌的诊断价值.结果:50例中,经手术病理证实为肾癌的有41例,其余9例因18F-FDG PET/CT显像发现远处转移放弃手术.18F- FDG PET/CT检查敏感度80%;CT平扫加增强敏感度92%.9例转移病例中4例为腹膜后淋巴结转移,2例两肺多发转移,2例伴有下腔静脉和肾静脉癌栓形成,1例骨转移合并肝转移,而CT平扫加增强仅发现1例肾静脉和下腔静脉癌栓形成.结论:18F-FDG PET/CT对诊断原发性肾癌的敏感性不如CT,但对淋巴结转移及远处转移的诊断优于CT,对肾癌的分期及治疗方案的选择有重要意义.     

SPECT/PET 的18FDG-PET 显像与MSCT融合对肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断价值

非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)术前纵隔淋巴结分期是进行治疗选择的关键[1].文献报道正电子发射断层显像术显像(PET)对淋巴结转移分期的诊断价值明显高于CT[2].本研究对66例NSCLC患者进行18FDG-PET显像,旨在研究SPECT/PET的18FDG-PET显像与异机多层螺旋CT图像融合对的淋巴结转移分期的临床诊断价值.     

18F-FDG PET-CT双时相显像对非小细胞肺癌肺门纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断价值

目的 探讨18F-FDG PET-CT双时相显像对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)肺门、纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断价值.方法 选取经病理确诊拟行手术治疗的NSCLC患者46例,术前行18F-FDG PET-CT常规全身显像和胸部延迟显像,计算标准摄取值(SUV)和储留指数(RI).结果46例患者共切取584枚肺门及纵隔淋巴结,术后病理显示,有31例患者的134枚淋巴结出现转移,而常规显像淋巴结转移为189枚,双时相显像为161枚.双时相显像诊断淋巴结转移的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为94.8%、92.2%、92.8%、78.9%和98.1%,高于常规显像时的指标(87.3%、84.0%、84.8%、61.9%和95.7%).结论 18F-FDG PET-CT双时相显像诊断NSCLC肺门、纵隔淋巴结转移具有较高的敏感度、特异度和准确度,可为NSCLC的诊断、分期和治疗提供更多有价值的信息.     

18F-FDG符合探测显像与CT显像在淋巴瘤分期和疗效评价中的比较

目的比较18F-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)符合探测显像与CT在淋巴瘤首次分期、早期疗效监测、治疗结束后评估和长期随访中的价值。方法回顾性分析61例恶性淋巴瘤患者在诊断、治疗和随访中的18F-FDG符合探测显像结果,并与同期CT显像进行对比分析。共161例次18F-FDG符合探测显像,其中首次分期61例次,化疗早期42例次,化疗结束后26例次,长期随访32例次。结果(1)首次分期中,61例患者共探查到212处病灶,18F-FDG符合探测显像检测出92.0%的病灶,高于CT显像81.1%的检出率(P<0.01)。18F-FDG符合探测显像与骨髓活检一致性为80.3%。18F-FDG符合探测显像使34.4%的患者分期正确上调,上调的原因为其探查到CT未能发现的骨髓浸润17例,淋巴结病灶3例,肝脏侵犯1例;1例分期错误上调,2例分期错误下调。(2)化疗后早期,42例患者中,18F-FDG符合探测显像阴性17例,其中完全缓解(CR)13例,部分缓解(PR)3例;显像阳性25例,其中病情进展13例。18F-FDG符合探测显像的准确性为85.7%,而CT显像为64.3%。18F-FDG符合探测显像指导临床医生改变了21.4%(9/42)患者的治疗方案。(3)化疗结束后和随访中,14例CT提示残余灶,其中8例18F-FDG符合探测显像持续阴性,判断为CR,其余6例18F-FDG符合探测显像阳性的患者中,仅有1例CR(假阳性),2例PR,1例未缓解,2例进展。18F-FDG符合探测显像和CT显像的特异性分别为85.7%和59.5%,阳性预测值分别为68.4%和43.3%。结论18F-FDG符合探测显像对恶性淋巴瘤分期、早期治疗反应评估和长期随访均有重要价值,尤其在鉴别残余灶性质方面意义显著,且明显优于CT显像。     

PET-CT在结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者中的应用

目的 探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射式断层CT(PET-CT)显像在结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者的临床应用价值.方法 对87例结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者行全身18F-FDG PET-CT显像,图像采用视觉和半定量分析,所有病例最终确诊依据为再次手术病理结果、多种影像学检查或临床随访证实,将显像结果与临床随访所作出的诊断进行比较.结果 87例结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者,18F-FDG PET-CT诊断肿瘤复发转移的灵敏度为91%(71/78),特异度为66.7%(6/9),准确度为88.5%(77/87).61例患者近期(3个月内)有胸部、腹部和盆腔的传统影像学(B型超声、CT、MRI)检查,其中32例患者18F-FDG PET-CT显像发现了传统影像学未发现的病灶或病灶较传统影像学广泛,临床对其中21例患者的治疗方案进行了修正,修正率为34.4%(21/61).结论 18F-FDG PET-CT显像对结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者诊断肿瘤复发、寻找转移病灶及准确判定术后再分期等方面有较大的临床应用价值.     

PET-CT在结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者中的应用

目的 探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射式断层CT(PET-CT)显像在结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者的临床应用价值.方法 对87例结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者行全身18F-FDG PET-CT显像,图像采用视觉和半定量分析,所有病例最终确诊依据为再次手术病理结果、多种影像学检查或临床随访证实,将显像结果与临床随访所作出的诊断进行比较.结果 87例结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者,18F-FDG PET-CT诊断肿瘤复发转移的灵敏度为91%(71/78),特异度为66.7%(6/9),准确度为88.5%(77/87).61例患者近期(3个月内)有胸部、腹部和盆腔的传统影像学(B型超声、CT、MRI)检查,其中32例患者18F-FDG PET-CT显像发现了传统影像学未发现的病灶或病灶较传统影像学广泛,临床对其中21例患者的治疗方案进行了修正,修正率为34.4%(21/61).结论 18F-FDG PET-CT显像对结直肠癌术后CEA、CA19-9升高患者诊断肿瘤复发、寻找转移病灶及准确判定术后再分期等方面有较大的临床应用价值.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在鼻咽癌分期与疗效监测中的临床应用价值

背景与目的:18F-脱氧葡萄糖(fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose,18F-FDG)PET/CT显像可明显提高肺癌、食管癌等多种肿瘤的诊断、分期与疗效监测的准确性,有助于更准确地制定治疗方案.本研究探讨全身18F-FDG PET/CT显像在鼻咽癌首次分期、再分期及疗效监测中的临床应用价值.方法:回顾性分析澳大利亚Peter MacCallum肿瘤中心2002年2月至2005年12月43例鼻咽癌患者的18F-FDG PET/CT全身扫描报告,根据临床资料、病理结果及临床随访结果,计算18F-FDG PET/CT与传统影像学检查CT、MRI的准确性、特异性、灵敏度、阳性预测值与阴性预测值,并对结果进行比较和分析.结果:18F-FDGPET/CT诊断鼻咽癌总的准确率、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值与阴性预测值分别为95.3%、100.0%、85.7%、93.8%、100.0%,传统影像学检查CT、MRI分别为65.5%、79.4%、64.7%、81.8%、57.9%. 18F-FDG PET/CT诊断结果使2例首次分期、7例再分期患者治疗方案得到改变,并影响1例首次分期和3例再分期患者治疗方案的制定;在疗效监测组中,指导医生修改治疗方案共11例(其中5例为原则性的修改).18F-FDG PET/CT检测到2例第二原发肿瘤,1例是甲状腺癌,1例是低度恶性胃癌.结论:18F-FDG PET/CT全身显像对鼻咽癌N、M分期与疗效监测的临床作用可能优于CT、MR检查.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在食管癌分期中的应用

目的:探讨18F-FDG PET/CT显像在食管癌分期中的应用价值.方法:对23例病理学确诊的食管癌患者,术前1周行全身PET/CT显像,根据病理结果评价PET/CT显像在食管癌分期中的应用价值.结果:19例患者进行了食管癌切除和淋巴结清除术,PET/CT显像发现50处病灶,与病理结果相比较,假阳性5处,假阴性3处,PET/CT诊断灵敏性为94%,特异性为76%;另4例患者因PET/CT发现多发转移而改变了治疗方案.结论:应用18F-FDG PET/CT进行食管癌检查能显著提高分期的敏感性和准确性,具有较好的临床应用前景.     

磁共振成像在肺癌诊断和分期中的作用

磁共振成像(MRI)是常用的影像学检查技术,其在肺癌诊断和分期中的作用备受关注.研究表明,MRI可用于肺部良恶性结节的鉴别及肺癌的筛查,并可用于非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的TNM分期,其敏感性和特异性与18氟-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG) PET-CT相当,可作为NSCLC诊断和分期的替代影像学检查手段.     

18F-FDG-SPECT/CT显像在肺癌诊断中的临床价值

背景与目的正确的诊断对肺癌疑似患者是至关重要的.根据肿瘤组织摄取18F-FDG的能力远大于正常组织的原理,本研究探讨了双探头符合线路SPECT/CT在肺癌诊断中的临床应用价值.方法对61例肺部肿块患者进行18F-FDG-SPECT/CT检查,对良恶性肿块的摄取比值R进行比较,并与CT检查和病理检查结果进行比较.结果以摄取比值R≥2为标准,18F-FDG-SPECT/CT对肺癌诊断的敏感性为82%,特异度为87%,准确率为84%.18F-FDG-SPECT/CT对纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断与病理结果的符合率为81%,而CT诊断与病理结果的符合率为52%,二者有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论 18F-FDG-SPECT/CT对肺癌的诊断与鉴别诊断以及临床分期有重要的应用价值.     

符合线路SPECT/低剂量CT 18F-FDG显像在肺肿瘤术前诊断中的应用

目的评价带有低剂量定位CT系统的SPECT对肺癌诊断和非小细胞性肺癌（NSCLC）纵隔淋巴结转移诊断的临床价值。方法使用GE-Millennium VG with Hawkeye成像仪对高分辨CT不能确诊的48例可疑肺癌患者进行了^18F—FDG符合线路显像,将显像结果与术后病理诊断进行比较,评价其对肺部原发肿瘤良、恶性鉴别诊断的价值;同时,对24例NSCLC患者术中摘取的74个淋巴结在相应淋巴结区内进行^18F—FDG符合线路显像与病理诊断之间的病灶与病灶对比,评价其对淋巴结转移诊断的临床价值。结果^18F—FDG符合线路显像显示,有40例患者出现了肺部异常FDG摄取情况。根据形态及核素摄取特征,^18F—FDG符合线路显像正确检出恶性病变34例,排除恶性病变6例,出现假阳性6例和假阴性2例,对原发肺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为94．4％、50．0％和83．3％;同时,在4例患者中检出了CT未发现的、发生于肾上腺和骨的肺外转移。恶性肿瘤对FDG的摄取明显高于良性肿瘤,且鳞癌高于腺癌。在NSCLC纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断中,淋巴结区与淋巴结区的对比显示,^18F—FDG符合线路显像对纵隔淋巴结转移诊断的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为57．9％、90．9％和82．4％;而影像诊断与临床诊断之间的比较显示,其诊断的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为61、5％、81、8％和70．8％。结论使用带有低剂量定位CT系统的SPECT行^18F—FDG显像,对肺部肿瘤的良、恶性鉴别诊断及肺外转移病灶的检出具有较高的诊断价值,但在对NSCLC患者的临床分期上其应用价值有限。     

Value of PET/CT versus enhanced CT for locoregional lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic efficacies of integrated (18)F FDG PET/CT images and contrast-enhanced helical CT images in locoregional lymph node metastasis in the patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: From June 2005 to June 2007, 122 potentially operable patients with proven or suspected non-small cell lung cancer underwent integrated PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT scans followed by surgical nodal staging. The results of reviewing PET/CT and enhanced CT images for the locoregional lymph node metastasis were compared in relation to pathologic findings. RESULTS: Preoperative nodal staging was compared with postoperative histopathological staging, 80% (98 of 122) of patients correctly staged, 13% (16 of 122) of patients were overstaged, and 7% (8 of 122) were understaged by PET/CT, while those values for CT were 56% (68 of 122), 26% (32 of 122), and 18% (22 of 122), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of PET/CT for lymph nodes were 86%, 85%, 85%, 64%, 95%, respectively; compared with 69%, 71%, 70%, 43%, 88% for CT (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.001, respectively). 81% false-negative interpretations and 72% false-positive interpretations on CT were corrected by PET/CT. 57% false-negative interpretations and 45% false-positive interpretations on PET/CT were corrected by CT. 6 % (9 of 153) positive lymph nodes and 8% (40 of 486) negative nodes at pathology were incorrectly diagnosed both by PET/CT and CT. CONCLUSION: Integrated PET/CT improves the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value than enhanced CT in the assessment of locoregional lymph nodes, and provides more efficient and accurate data of nodal staging, with a better effect on diagnosis and therapy in non-small cell lung cancer.     

18F-FDG符合线路显像在肺癌诊断以及疗效判断中的作用

目的探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)符合线路显像在肺癌诊断及疗效判断中的应用。方法对病理检查证实的66例肺癌患者行18F-FDG符合线路显像,并与同期CT、MRI等影像检查结果进行对比分析。结果与其他常规显像方法相比,18F-FDG显像对肺癌诊断、分期及放疗、化疗疗效判断、手术后肿瘤残余、复发以及肺癌骨转移有一定的辅助诊断作用。结论18F-FDG显像是肺癌诊断、分期及疗效观察的重要手段之一,可及时发现手术后肿瘤残余和复发病灶。F-FDG显像与骨显像的联合应用将可提高肺癌骨转移的诊断灵敏度。     

肺癌的PET／CT检查方法与价值

目的评价18F-FDGPET／CT对肺癌诊断及临床分期的意义。方法对来本院就诊的周围型肺部肿块患者78例,其中经病理证实的肺癌62例。18F-FDGPET／CT显像后,目测和标准摄取值（SUV）相结合判断病灶良恶性,并与病理结果对照分析。结果18F-FDGPET／CT显像对肺癌诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为88．7％和75．0％;PET／CT显像发现62例肺癌患者恶性病灶共227处;PET和CT均有肯定诊断的恶性病灶178个。结论18F-FDGPET／CT对肺癌诊断及分期有较高临床价值。结合年龄、病史及其它影像学检查进行综合判断十分重要。     

非18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖正电子显像在肺癌诊疗中的应用研究

18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射断层显像(PET)-计算机断层成像(CT)在非小细胞肺癌的诊断、分期、治疗方案的选择、疗效评价及预后预测中具有重要的意义.但其非特异性使其应用受到限制.近年来,一些新型非18F-FDG显像剂正在不断研发并应用于临床,从而促进了PET-CT的进一步发展和在肺癌中的应用.     

Accuracy of fine needle aspiration and core lung biopsies to predict histology in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients is dependent on the histologic diagnosis for both testing and treatment. This study was designed to determine the ability of fine needle aspiration and core biopsies to correctly determine histologic diagnosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Our institutional cardiothoracic surgery database was reviewed for cases of non-small cell lung cancer treated with lobectomy after a preoperative biopsy by CT guidance or bronchoscopy over a 10-year period from 2002 to 2011. The histologic diagnosis of the final lobectomy specimen was compared to the histologic diagnosis from the preoperative biopsy, and the concordance rate was calculated. 119 biopsy specimens from 117 patients were reviewed. Eighty of the 119 biopsies had the same histologic diagnosis as the lobectomy specimen, yielding an overall concordance rate of 67.2 %. Patients with poorly differentiated tumors were at the highest risk of an incorrect histologic diagnosis on preoperative biopsy. Reliance on fine needle aspiration and core biopsies to determine histologic diagnosis in non-small cell lung cancer may put some patients at risk for suboptimal treatment.     

Optimal anatomic coverage for CT in staging lung cancer: lessons from PET-CT correlation

Objective

To determine the optimal anatomic coverage at CT that would provide the most accurate staging for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods

We reviewed lung cancer staging PET-CT scans and correlated them with staging chest CT scans performed within 50 days of the PET-CT study. There were 113 patients who underwent both studies within our time frame. We reviewed the results of subsequent imaging studies and surgical and biopsy procedures to determine the final stage for each patient. This study was approved by the local institutional review board.

Results

In 86 (76%) of 113 patients, staging by PET-CT and by CT from the lung apices through the lung bases was identical. PET-CT upstaged 21 patients (19%) compared with CT findings; in 13 of these patients the PET-CT noted disease that was either outside of the anatomic range of any lung cancer staging CT or was within the area scanned by CT, but was not evident by CT. In the other 8 upstaged patients, extending the anatomic scope of the CT scan to the supraclavicular region (5), adrenal glands (2) or abdomen (1) would have resulted in correct staging.

Conclusions

CT scanning from the supraclavicular region through the caudal adrenal glands improves the accuracy of CT staging of lung cancer compared with scanning from the lung apices through the lung bases. Anatomic coverage beyond the adrenal glands has a low yield for improved staging, at the cost of requiring administration of oral contrast to all patients.

Summary

To determine the optimal anatomic coverage at CT that would provide the most accurate staging for patients with non-small cell lung cancer, we reviewed lung cancer staging PET-CT scans and correlated them with staging chest CT scans performed within 50 days of the PET-CT study. CT scanning from the supraclavicular region through the caudal adrenal glands improves the accuracy of CT staging of lung cancer compared with scanning from the lung apices through the lung bases. Anatomic coverage beyond the adrenal glands has a low yield for improved staging, at the cost of requiring administration of oral contrast to all patients undergoing lung cancer staging.     

Upper abdominal computerized tomography scanning in staging non-small cell lung carcinoma

During preoperative staging the authors performed upper abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scanning in 38 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma. Five of the 38 patients had occult adrenal metastases based on CT images. Two of these five patients, who would otherwise have been surgical candidates for definitive thoracotomy, underwent percutaneous fine-needle aspiration cytology of the suspected adrenal metastases. Cytology results in both cases were positive for metastatic carcinoma, thereby precluding thoracotomy. Upper abdominal CT scanning may optimize preoperative staging of selected non-small cell lung cancer patients.