用小波变换快速求解三维电磁散射问题

在三维电磁散射问题中,用小波变换对由Ｒａｏ面片生成的阻抗矩阵进行稀疏化和求逆,比较了两种小波变换对阻抗矩阵的稀疏效果,由此指出了三维散射问题与二维散射问题中小波变换选取有所不同。通过分析和算例,表明小波变换可以有效减少阻抗矩阵的求逆时间,这对于计算电大尺寸散射体的ＲＣＳ是很有益的。     

高效求解任意非常规目标电磁散射的修正电场积分方程方法

本文研究了一种可以高效求解任意非常规目标电磁散射的修正电场积分方程方法.借助磁场积分方程主值项的提取,加入到传统电场积分方程中,将传统的一次迭代求解过程转变成逐渐逼近真解的内外两层迭代.其外层迭代不断刷新电流,最终得到精确解.加入磁场主值项的修正电场积分方程显著降低了条件数,同时保留了原电场积分方程普适性强,可用于处理任意非常规目标的优点.对于每一外层迭代步中电流的求解,本文采用了加速矩阵矢量相乘的多层快速非均匀平面波算法,形成高效的内层迭代求解.数值结果表明,该方法在保证精度的同时,可以显著降低问题的求解时间.     

电磁散射与辐射问题中的混合基函数矩量法

三维散射与辐射问题通常采用电场积分方程(EFIE)结合矩量法(MoM)求解，而基函数是决定矩量法精度和效率的重要因素。本文针对采用三角形网格剖分会引起未知元过多而采用四边形网格剖分会因为网格质量变差而影响计算精度的问题，提出一种基于三角形与四边形混合网格的混合基函数，应用于散射体RCS和天线阻抗特性计算。结果表明，相比于三角形剖分，混合基函数能够在减少未知元个数的同时获得较高的精度；另外也解决了基于单纯四边形网格的基函数在网格质量较差的情况下不能准确模拟表面电荷的问题。     

基于体积分方程的三维集成电路互连线电磁快速求解器

三维集成电路通过高密度金属互连线实现芯片在三维空间上互连,其电路参数的快速提取是保证信号完整性良好设计的关键技术之一.文中基于体积分混合势积分方程（mixed potential integral equation,MPIE）方法,结合多层平面介质格林函数与预纠正快速傅里叶变换（pre-corrected fast fourier transformation,pFFT）方法,通过对互连线内趋肤电流准确建模,实现对互连线结构S参数的快速准确提取.通过对典型互连线结构的仿真表明,本文求解器得到的结果与商业软件HFSS结果在网格剖分考虑趋肤效应时,其精度相当,计算效率可提高50%以上.所以本文方法在三维集成电路互连线参数快速提取方面具有一定的应用前景.     

用CCGM-FFT方法研究近场多体电磁散射

采用电磁场理论方法研究近场光学成像问题,通过将LippmanrrSehwinger积分方程（LISE）离散化,应用复共轭梯度法与快速傅里叶变换（CCGM-FFT）相结合的方法进行数值求解。数值模拟结果表明,近场光学成像表现为一种复杂的电磁场干涉现象,电磁场干涉的程度与样品的尺寸大小及样品间的间距有关,同时对采用P波和S波入射时所得出的样品形貌图像特点给予合理的解释,数值模拟的结果对实验分析具有参考价值。并且,与传统的矩量法（MOM）求解LSIE相比较,采用CCA3M-FFT有效地节约了计算机的内存和CPU的运算时间。     

斜入射下介质柱二维电磁散射 问题的一种数值分析方法

采用矩量法,共轭梯度法和快速傅里叶变换的混合方法来分析任意形状截面的非均匀各向异性的介质柱在斜入射条件下的二维电磁散射.在这个方案中,采用关于总电场的微-积分方程,借助于包含介质柱的一个矩形来产生离散网格,而离散量的线性方程组仍然建立在原介质柱截面区域上.这样既不会扩大原问题的规模,又可以有效地利用共轭梯度法与快速傅里叶变换的结合算法CG-FFT来求解.文中给出了数值算例,证实了该方案的有效性.     

AIM结合渐近波形估计技术快速分析目标宽带电磁散射特性

该文将自适应积分方法(AIM)与渐近波形估计(AWE)技术结合快速计算了目标宽带雷达截面(RCS)。通过渐近波形技术实现快速扫频,利用自适应积分(AIM)稀疏存储稠密阻抗矩阵及阻抗矩阵的频率导数,并加速求解泰勒展开系数中的矩阵与矢量相乘计算,提高了计算速度并降低了内存需求。通过结合自动微分技术,计算了该方法所需的格林函数关于频率的高阶导数。数值结果表明,与传统AIM逐点计算相比,该方法在不失精度条件下大大地降低了计算时间。     

用Coifman区间尺度函数求解电磁场积分方程

该文采用Coifman区间尺度函数作为矩量法中的展开函数和权函数,求解电磁场积分方程,利用Coifman尺度函数的消失矩特性,减少计算矩阵元素的双重积分次数,同时对两个具有不同积分核的方程,提出了不同的消失矩近似方法。     

三维目标电磁散射的自适应积分方法

应用自适应积分方法并结合邻近组预条件求解三维导电目标的电磁散射.通过建立辅助基函数将三角形分域基函数映射到矩形网格中,并将格林函数离散变换为具有Toeplitz特性的矩阵.用快速傅立叶变换加速迭代求解中的矩阵和矢量相乘,该方法极大的减少了内存需求和CPU时间,其存储量和运算复杂度分别为低于O(N1.5)和O(N1.5logN)量级.应用邻近组预条件技术进一步降低了迭代求解所需的迭代次数.数值结果表明了该方法的准确性和高效性.     

金属-介质混合目标电磁散射的P-FFT快速求解

针对任意形状金属-介质混合目标的电磁散射问题,使用矩量法将体-面结合的积分方程(VSIE)转换成线性方程组,并利用预修正快速傅立叶变换(P-FFT)方法来进行快速求解.为减少直接计算和预修正的近区未知量个数,采用一种改进的模板拓扑.数值计算结果表明,基于VSIE的P-FFT方法可以高效准确地求解金属-介质混合目标的电磁散射问题,改进的模板拓扑可以显著减少近区未知量个数,从而减少算法的存储需求和计算时间.     

An iterative method for solving scattering problems

An iterative method is developed for computing the current induced by plane wave excitation on conducting bodies of arbitrary shape. In this method, the scattering body is divided into lit- and shadow-side regions separated by the geometric optics boundary. The induced current at any point on the surface of the scatterer is expressed as the sum of an approximate optics current and a correction current. Both of these currents are computed by iteration for the lit and shadow regions separately. The general theory is presented and applied to the problems of scattering from a two-dimensional cylinder of circular and square cross sections. The results are compared with the method of moments and good agreement is obtained. This method does not give erroneous results at internal resonances of the scatterer, does not suffer from computer storage problems and can be extended to nonperfect conductors as well as to three-dimensional bodies.     

Effective method for solving electromagnetic problems

The authors discuss a neural network model for solving electromagnetic problems which can be represented as combinational optimisation problems, with cost functions as the network energy. Solutions correspond to the minimum of energy. An example is given to illustrate the method     

电磁响应的时、频域同时外推法

将散射体在高斯脉冲平面波激励下感应电流的时域响应展开为连带Hermite级数的叠加，利用傅立叶变换和连带Hermite函数的自反性，得到与时域响应形式类似的感应电流的频域响应。根据时域解与频域解的对应关系，利用感应电流的早时响应和低频响应，可确定展开式的未知系数，从而同时获得了时域和频域和完全响应。     

Topology-finite-element method for solving electromagnetic field problems

The topology-finite-element method has been proposed for solving electromagnetic field problems. This method is characterised by a higher degree of simplicity and standardisation in comparison with the finite-element method. On the other hand, the mathematical model derived by this method is proved to be simple and of evident geometric and physical significance as well, thus creating favourable conditions for making optimal designs in engineering science.     

Three-dimensional finite-element method for solving electromagnetic problems

A 3-dimensional numerical method of determining the vector fields within a closed lossless electromagnetic system is described. The method is used to find the dominant-mode resonant frequencies for two cases of a rectangular cavity partially loaded with dielectric.     

解决电磁散射问题的现代高频技术

电大尺寸散射体的高频散射高效算法问题是一个重要而具有挑战性的问题.本文首先对解决电磁散射问题的现代高频方法的研究进展进行了综述.其次,对高频散射场的高振荡特性,提出了数值最速下降路径法来计算高频散射场.最后,综合讨论了高频驻相点贡献凯勒锥以及爬行波场.     

Multigrid transmission-line modelling method for solving electromagnetic field problems

The development of a novel approach to solve electromagnetic problems in three dimensions is presented. The method described as the 'multigrid TLM method' uses different grid sizes to model space thus allowing the modelling of small features using a fine mesh of grid points, whereas the rest of space is modelled using a coarse mesh. The advantage of this method is that it offers simultaneously very high space resolution and modest computer storage and run-time requirements. The basis of the method is described briefly, together with typical results and conclusions.<>     

分段积分共形算法在电磁散射问题中的应用

提出一种分段积分共形时域有限差分算法(PI-CFDTD),用于计算电磁散射问题。首先采用邻近网格电场场量插值表示变形网格中沿线电场场量,再以分段积分代替传统电场沿线积分求解,减小了阶梯误差,提高了电场环路积分的计算精度。推导出两种不同类型变形网格的电场环路积分公式,并对PI-CFDTD算法的稳定性进行研究,归纳得到应用原则。以金属方形平板和金属圆形平板作为算例进行验证,通过与传统时域有限差分法(FDTD)、传统共形时域有限差分法(CFDTD)以及矩量法(MoM)进行比较,表明PI-CFDTD计算精度更高。     

An iterative method for solving electrostatic problems

The method of steepest descent is applied to the solution of electrostatic problems. The relation between this method and the Rayleigh-Ritz, Galerkin's, and the method of least squares is outlined. Also, explicit error formulas are given for the rate of convergence for this method. It is shown that this method is also suitable for solving singular operator equations. In that case this method monotonically converges to the solution with minimum norm. Finally, it is shown that the technique yields as a by-product the smallest eigenvalue of the operator in the finite dimensional space in which the problem is solved. Numerical results are presented only for the electrostatic case to illustrate the validity of this procedure which show excellent agreement with other available data.     

The use of vector transforms in solving some electromagnetic scattering problems

It is shown that there exists a class of vector transforms and vector series expansions that are independent of their scalar counterparts. They can be used to simplify the solutions of a class of vector electromagnetic scattering problems. The applications are shown of vector Fourier, Hankel, and Mathieu transforms and series expansions to the formal solutions of scattering by rectangular, circular and elliptical disks and open-ended waveguides. The problems solved are canonical problems, however, more complex problems for applications in microwaves, microstrip integrated circuits, geophysical probing, etc. can be solved in a similar fashion.