结构主动控制的一体化多目标优化研究

基于Pareto多目标遗传算法提出了结构主动控制系统的一体化多目标优化设计方法,对作动器位置与主动控制器进行同步优化设计.外界激励采用平稳过滤白噪声来模拟,在状态空间下通过求解Lyapunov方程,得到结构响应和主动控制力的均方值.主动控制器采用LQG控制算法来进行设计.以结构位移和加速度均方值最大值与相应无控响应均方值的最大值之比,以及所需控制力均方值之和作为多目标同步优化的目标函数.优化过程还考虑了结构与激励参数对优化结果的影响.最后以某6层平面框架有限元模型为例进行了计算机仿真分析,结果表明所提出的主动控制系统多目标一体化优化方法简单,高效,实用,具有较好的普适性.     

基于多种群遗传算法的主动座椅LQG控制器优化

针对LQG控制器权重系数依靠经验选取的不足,提出基于多种群遗传算法的主动座椅悬架LQG控制器权重系数的多目标优化设计方法。在建立6自由度主动座椅悬架模型的基础上,利用最优控制理论设计LQG控制器;以LQG控制器权重系数为变量,以各性能指标为优化目标,建立基于权重系数的多目标优化函数;利用MPGA算法的全局搜索能力,对LQG控制器权重系数进行寻优,实现对主动座椅悬架最优控制器的优化。仿真结果表明:经MPGA算法优化权重系数后,适应度函数值比GA算法优化时降低0.9左右,验证了此优化方法的有效性。     

最小偏差法在机械多目标优化设计中的应用

提出了处理多目标问题的最小偏差法,并将其应用于机械多目标优化设计。以流体动压滑动轴承多目标优化设计为例,建立了以摩擦系数最小、发热量最小和承载能力最大为目标函数的多目标优化设计数学模型,根据最小偏差法原理构造统一目标函数,利用改进遗传算法对该问题进行了优化设计。算例整个求解过程和结果表明,该方法既可以避免人为因素的影响,又能够获得比常规设计更佳的设计参数,同时也验证了所提方法对于解决机械多目标优化设计问题的有效性和可行性。     

基于Bloch量子遗传算法的倒立摆模糊控制器优化设计

为解决倒立摆模糊控制器的优化设计问题,提出一种基于Bloch量子遗传算法(BQGA)的优化设计方案.该方案将量子位的3个Bloch坐标都看作基因位,每条染色体包含3条并列的基因链,每条基因链代表一个优化解,即一组控制器参数,在与普通量子遗传算法(CQGA)染色体数目相同时可加速优化进程.以模糊神经网络控制器(FNNC)...     

基于遗传算法的高耸结构环形TLD满意优化设计

针对高耸结构环形TLD的多目标优化设计开展研究。首先,建立了高耸结构环形TLD控制的动力学模型,并编制了其求解程序。随后,提出了采用Sigmoid函数作为独立满意度函数,并通过线性加权建立了复合满意度函数。进而,基于遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm, GA),选取环形TLD的几何参数作为设计变量,结构响应和阻尼器行程的复合满意度作为优化目标,建立了高耸结构环形TLD控制的满意优化设计方法。最后,针对某自立式钢烟囱,编制程序开展了其在风荷载作用下环形TLD减振的优化设计。研究表明,该方法能够快速有效地得到一组满足工程需要且较为经济的设计参数,同时该方法对权重系数的敏感度较低,降低了多目标优化设计时权重系数选择的难度。     

正交-遗传试验算法的分析与应用

为了解决并联机器人机构的优化设计问题,提出一种基于正交试验设计法和遗传算法的优化方法。在简要讨论正交试验设计法和遗传算法的基本原理基础上,对两种方法的寻优算法、各个参数的对应关系作了比较分析,探讨了用正交表构造遗传算法中初始种群的方法。提出一种适用于设计变量多且适应度函数难求的“一代”正交-遗传试验法的思路和方法。将该方法应用于一种新型四自由度并联机器人机构的结构优化设计,得出以机构全域条件数为目标函数的机构结构优化尺寸方案。实例证明这种优化方法行之有效。     

基于H∞范数的调液阻尼器减震优化设计

基于鼠H∞范数提出了偏心结构利用调液阻尼器减震控制的一种新的优化设计方法,该方法将优化目标取为从地震动到结构响应的传递函数的H∞范数,利用遗传算法来对阻尼器的相关参数进行优化。这种优化方法无需求解结构运动方程,所得到的阻尼器最优参数也不依赖于特定的地震动。用一个12层的偏心结构作为算例进行优化计算,结果表明：利用该文提...     

建筑结构振动分散控制系统的多目标优化研究

基于结构可控性指标、粒子群—差分进化多目标混合群(MOHO)算法及分散控制系统结构随机响应求解提出了一种分散控制系统多目标优化设计方法,对结构分散控制系统的作动器位置、数量、控制器参数和子系统划分进行优化。利用结构可控性指标对作动器最优布置楼层进行确定;利用多目标混合群优化算法对分散控制系统内各子系统作动器数量和控制器反馈增益进行优化;以随机地震激励下反映结构振动控制效果和控制策略优劣的双指标作为各子控制系统的优化目标函数。针对一12层框架结构,采用提出的分散控制系统多目标优化方法对多种分散控制方案进行有优化设计,并在实际地震动激励下,对优化结果进行时程验证分析,表明该优化方法是稳定、有效可行的,优化得到的分散控制系统较集中控制系统而言有更理想的控制效果。     

改进的遗传算法在电梯群控中的应用

针对乘客候梯时间,乘梯时间,拥挤度和电梯系统运行能耗等多个目标优化的电梯群问题,给出一个改进的遗传算法。该算法在选择,交叉,变异操作时,采用首位存在最优个体,在生成初始种群时采用模糊生成其中一个解的方法。并把改进的遗传算法应用到实际电梯群控中,数值结果表示该方法是有效的,可行的。     

基于遗传算法的热管多目优化设计

热管作为一种高效热传输设备,被广泛应用于许多领域.对高效热管的优化设计,通常会涉及到多个目标参数,传统的设计方法往往无法同时有效地优化多个目标.首先通过对热管建立热网络分析模型和热传输极限模型,给出了热管多目标优化问题的数学描述.其次设计了基于遗传算法的多目标优化算法,并通过多个算例证实了该算法的有效性及优越性.由于数学问题的提出是基于热管的基本原理,因此该算法具有可推广性,可用于多种形式的热管设计.     

参数不确定振动系统的一种鲁棒主动控制设计

本文讨论具有参数不确定的线性振动系统 ,在随机白噪声激扰作用下的主动控制设计问题。以给定的闭环系统稳态输出方差为约束 ,所需主动控制力的一种代价表示为优化目标 ,将状态反馈二次稳定的主动控制器设计问题 ,转化成一个基于LMIs约束的凸优化问题求解。最后以一个算例说明本文方法。     

基于改进遗传算法的导向辊生产调度方法研究

目的 研究导向辊生产车间中的调度优化问题,有利于缩短工件的完工时间,提高产线生产效率。方法 以某导向辊生产车间为研究对象,以最小化最大完工时间为目标建立数学模型。针对该导向辊生产车间的实际工况,提出一种改进的遗传算法进行求解。通过对10种不同尺寸的导向辊进行生产调度,分别采用改进的遗传算法和传统遗传算法进行试验分析。结果 改进的遗传算法相比传统遗传算法寻优能力更高,工件的完工时间从139 min缩短为113 min,缩短了18.7%左右,生成了完工时间为113 min的生产调度甘特图。结论 与传统遗传算法相比,改进的遗传算法在导向辊生产调度优化中具有更高的全局优化能力和寻优精度。     

Multiobjective design of actively controlled structures using a hybrid optimization method

A multiobjective approach to the combined structure and control optimization problem for flexible space structures is presented. The proposed formulation addresses robustness considerations for controller design, as well as a simultaneous determination of optimum actuator locations. The structural weight, controlled system energy, stability robustness index and damping augmentation provided by the active controller are considered as objective functions of the multiobjective problem which is solved using a cooperative game-theoretic approach. The actuator locations and the cross-sectional areas of structural members are treated as design variables. Since the actuator locations are spatially discrete, whereas the cross-sectional areas are continuous, the optimization problem has mixed discrete-continuous design variables. A solution approach to this problem based on a hybrid optimization scheme is presented. The hybrid optimizer is a synergetic blend of artificial genetic search and gradient-based search techniques. The computational procedure is demonstrated through the design of an ACOSS-FOUR space structure. The optimum solutions obtained using the hybrid optimizer are shown to outperform the optimum results obtained using gradient-based search techniques.     

导向辊生产设备制造资源集合匹配方法

目的 为解决云制造环境下导向辊生产工序外协时设备制造资源搜索效率低的问题,本文提出一种导向辊生产设备云制造资源集合与生产工序云制造需求匹配的方法,用于降低导向辊制造资源的寻优范围。方法 首先建立导向辊生产设备制造资源的可拓物元模型,通过可拓聚类算法实现导向辊生产设备制造资源的聚类,接着利用集合中制造资源的可用加工方法属性与制造需求的加工方法属性进行配对,通过配对结果完成导向辊生产设备制造资源集合与生产工序制造需求的匹配。结果 使用该匹配方法后,成功将10个导向辊制造资源样本聚类为7种制造资源集合KN1—KN7,并将其与导向辊的7种生产工序制造需求实现匹配。结论 实验结果表明,该方法能够实现导向辊生产设备云制造资源集合与生产工序需求的匹配,提高了后续导向辊生产工序外协资源的寻优效率。     

Repetitive controller design for minimum track misregistration in hard disk drives

Repetitive control is a widely used technique for the compensation of repeatable error in systems that contain rotating mechanisms or repeat a trajectory. Generally, it includes delay chains and a low-pass filter in the positive feedback loop, which generate a periodic signal. The controller has typically been implemented in a plug-in fashion and designed heuristically with the simplest form of the filter. However, this design approach is somewhat ambiguous in the selection of controller parameters because of its influence over nonharmonic frequencies. Also, it leaves the possibility for further improvement. This paper presents an improved design method for the repetitive controller that provides minimum track misregistration (TMR) in a hard disk drive (HDD). For TMR prediction, the method identifies disturbances acting on an HDD and estimates servo performance, using the identification result. We have confirmed the identification and estimation procedure through experiments. In our method, first the basic tracking controller is designed and later the repetitive controller is designed in conjunction with a Q filter. A cost function based on Parseval's theorem, reflecting the servo performance as TMR, is defined. Then the servo performance is estimated from the identified disturbance, and the plant and designed controller's frequency response are modified as necessary by changing the parameters of the controller, whose optimization is carried out with a commercial nonlinear optimization tool. The design strategy facilitates the controller design by providing an accurate estimation for the attainable servo performance and design criteria under the optimization framework.     

Simultaneous optimal design of structural topology, actuator locations and control parameters for a plate structure

 Simultaneous optimization with respect to the structural topology, actuator locations and control parameters of an actively controlled plate structure is investigated in this paper. The system consists of a clamped-free plate, a H ₂ controller and four surface-bonded piezoelectric actuators utilized for suppressing the bending and torsional vibrations induced by external disturbances. The plate is represented by a rectangular design domain which is discretized by a regular finite element mesh and for each element the parameter indicating the presence or absence of material is used as a topology design variable. Due to the unavailability of large-scale 0–1 optimization algorithms, the binary variables of the original topology design problem are relaxed so that they can take all values between 0 and 1. The popular techniques in the topology optimization area including penalization, filtering and perimeter restriction are also used to suppress numerical problems such as intermediate thickness, checkerboards, and mesh dependence. Moreover, since it is not efficient to treat the structural and control design variables equally within the same framework, a nested solving approach is adopted in which the controller syntheses are considered as sub processes included in the main optimization process dealing with the structural topology and actuator locations. The structural and actuator variables are solved in the main optimization by the method of moving asymptotes, while the control parameters are designed in the sub optimization processes by solving the Ricatti equations. Numerical examples show that the approach used in this paper can produce systems with clear structural topology and high control performance. Received 16 November 2001 / Accepted 26 February 2002     

Development of guide rollers using electroplated carbon fiber-epoxy composite for thin polymer film processing

Since thin polymer films can not sustain the large tension generated from the rotational inertia of a guide roller during start and stop periods of film processing and can be easily damaged by the rough surface of the guide roller, the guide roller should have low rotational inertia, low friction coefficient, high bending stiffness and fine surfaces.

The carbon fiber-epoxy composite material electroplated with chromium has excellent properties for the structure of the guide roller due to its high specific modulus and high damping, which reduces induced vibrations.

In this paper, the design and manufacturing methods as well as the static, dynamic and frictional characteristics of the carbon fiber-epoxy composite rollers electroplated with chromium were investigated using analytical and experimental methods to improve the performance of the high speed guide roller.     

持续有界路面激励下的车辆主动悬架可靠L1干抗抑制控制

在车辆主动悬架控制当中,路面激励通常可建模为一类持续有界的外部干扰。针对该问题,提出了车辆主动悬架的可靠L1干扰抑制控制方法。区别于以往的H∞/GH2控制方法,文中无需假设路面干扰为能量有界的情况。在控制器设计中,使用L1性能指标来提高汽车悬架的舒适性,同时保证悬架的其它性能,如悬架动行程、轮胎动载荷、控制饱和和执行器错误。以线性-分数矩阵不等式给出了控制的设计条件,控制器可根据凸优化方法和广义特征值问题求得,且相应的闭环系统具有指数的稳定性及L1干扰抑制性能。最后通过数值实例表明,在持续有界的正弦型和随机白噪声路面激励下,系统能取得理想的驾驶舒适性能,并保证悬架硬约束。     

Shape morphing of laminated composite structures with photostrictive actuators via topology optimization

In this paper, a new design method is presented for achieving remote wireless shape morphing of laminated composite structures using topology optimization methods. A recently emerging family of smart materials, photostrictive materials, is introduced as the actuation discipline to implement the active control of optical structures by utilizing the photostriction mechanism, which arises from the superposition of photovoltaic effect and converse piezoelectric effect when exposed to the illumination of near ultraviolet light. In terms of the Mindlin plate theory of first-order shear deformation, a finite element formulation including multiphysics effects of photovoltaic, pyroelectric and thermal expansion is developed to model composite structures of ferroelectric materials polarized in 0–1 and 0–3 directions, respectively. The design is formulated as a multi-constrained optimization problem with a least square objective function to minimize structural shape errors. The topology optimization method is used as a systematic design approach to seek the optimal topologies of material layouts for both the photostrictive and host layers as well as the actuator light distribution. In terms of design sensitivity analysis, many gradient-based optimization algorithms can be applied to solve the problem effectively. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in the field of active photonic control of laminated composite structures.