高温后钢-混组合梁抗剪性能试验研究

为研究钢-混组合梁经历高温后的抗剪性能，以受热温度和冷却方式为试验参数，分别开展了普通混凝土、钢材高温后材料性能试验和钢-混组合梁高温后静力试验。对高温冷却后混凝土和钢材的基本力学性能进行了试验研究，并采用扫描电镜观察了高温后混凝土的微观结构；按“强弯弱剪”设计了7片钢-混组合梁，测定了升降温过程中截面温度场分布，开展了常温和经历高温冷却后组合梁加载破坏试验，对组合梁常温和高温后的极限承载力、跨中挠度和应变变化进行对比分析，研究了受热温度和冷却方式对组合梁受力性能的影响，并探讨了高温后组合梁极限抗剪承载力计算方法。结果表明：高温后混凝土内部水泥复合物疏松和水泥与骨料包裹界面出现裂纹是混凝土宏观力学性能劣化的主要原因；常温和高温冷却后钢-混组合梁的破坏形态均为混凝土板出现贯穿的斜裂缝；随着温度的升高，组合梁的承载力、刚度和延性均降低；低于400℃时冷却方式对承载力影响较小，600℃时喷水冷却后组合梁承载力大于自然冷却；与自然冷却试件相比，喷水冷却下试件的刚度较大，极限挠度较小；基于试验数据和回归分析建立了混凝土抗压强度、钢材屈服强度与受热温度之间的计算公式；修正后的AS/NZS 2327...     

新型预应力外包波纹钢-混凝土组合梁受弯性能试验研究

为研究新型预应力外包波纹钢-混凝土组合梁的受弯性能,以预应力、抗剪连接件数量和混凝土翼缘板有效宽度为参数,进行4根试件的受弯试验,结果表明:波纹钢能较好地与混凝土协同工作,有效加强钢-混界面,避免纵向滑移破坏的发生,但是波纹钢轴向刚度较小,几乎没有抗弯贡献;预应力和混凝土翼缘板对组合梁的抗弯贡献较大;抗剪连接件数量不足时组合梁发生纵向水平剪切破坏。在试验基础上进行有限元模型模拟计算,发现新型组合梁能充分发挥各组成部分间的组合作用,提高试件的抗弯承载力与延性;相比于直钢板组合梁,波纹钢组合梁有较好的刚度和较高的承载能力;随着混凝土强度提高,承载力略有提升;下翼缘钢板厚度增加,承载力显著提高,对刚度影响不大;刚度、承载力随预应力度提高而提高,但是延性变差。最后,建立了新型预应力外包波纹钢-混凝土组合梁受弯承载力计算公式。     

钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁基本力学性能试验研究与数值模拟

为了研究钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁基本力学性能,设计了2个两跨连续组合梁试件,对其进行静力加载试验,并与有限元模拟结果进行对比。研究结果表明:双面组合作用梁下部混凝土板可分担钢梁压力,其组合作用有利于钢梁下翼缘的稳定性,但对于腹板的稳定性不起作用。组合梁在按照完全抗剪连接进行设计时,可不考虑界面滑移的影响;与普通组合作用梁相比,双面组合作用梁抗弯刚度更大,其负弯矩区长度可延长约28.3%。相同荷载作用下,双面组合作用梁负弯矩值较低,可延缓上部混凝土板的开裂,有效控制混凝土板裂缝宽度和裂缝区范围。下部混凝土板长度按照完全抗剪连接设计的最小长度取值即可,不必过长。ABAQUS有限元模型分析结果与试验结果吻合良好,可较好地模拟组合梁受力性能。提高双面组合作用连续梁下部混凝土板的强度,可有效提高组合梁的承载力和刚度,受力更合理。     

新型外包钢混凝土组合梁抗扭的试验及分析

共进行了5根新型外包钢-混凝土组合梁的扭转试验,其中2根用于研究纯扭性能,3根用于研究复合受扭性能。测得了试件的扭矩-扭率曲线,钢筋扭矩-应变曲线,外包钢的应变分布及混凝土的应变分布。试验和分析结果表明:新型组合梁的受扭承载力由混凝土翼板以及外包钢与混凝土翼板组成的箱型梁两者共同承担。弯扭比是影响构件受扭承载力的重要因素。当其它条件相同,弯扭比在3左右时,组合梁受扭承载力达到最大。该文对组合梁受扭性能进行了弹塑性理论分析,提出了组合梁纯扭及复合受扭作用下开裂扭矩的计算公式。采用变角空间桁架模型,提出了该新型组合梁在纯扭及复合受扭作用下发生扭型破坏时的极限扭矩计算公式。理论公式计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

再生混凝土梁的受力性能

基于大量国内外试验结果,综述了再生混凝土梁的受力性能,主要包括再生混凝土梁的受弯、受剪、抗震及疲劳性能。研究结果表明,再生混凝土梁的受弯承载力与普通混凝土梁差异不大,但是变形有所增加。再生混凝土梁的抗剪承载力较普通混凝土梁降低,而抗震性能则差异不大。本文的研究成果对再生混凝土在结构中的推广应用具有一定的意义与价值。     

考虑组合作用的钢-混凝土组合梁抗剪承载力

针对当前规范和各学者有关钢-混凝土组合梁抗剪承载力公式都未考虑钢梁翼缘抗剪贡献导致计算结果误差较大的现状,笔者采用合理的材料本构关系,通过ABAQUS有限元软件建立考虑栓钉受力特征的组合梁足尺有限元模型进行抗剪性能研究。在验证现有试验结果的基础上通过参数分析,确定了组合梁界限剪跨比,揭示了剪切荷载作用下组合梁栓钉内力重分布规律,以及钢梁与混凝土翼板组合作用规律与抗剪荷载分担比例。基于叠加原理提出了考虑混凝土板和钢梁腹板与翼缘抗剪贡献的工字钢-混凝土组合梁抗剪承载力计算公式。对比结果显示该文提出的抗剪承载力计算公式的精度比GB 50017?2017建议公式以及其他学者建议公式的精度高。     

圆管翼缘钢-混凝土新型组合梁负弯矩区力学性能试验研究

为研究圆管翼缘组合梁负弯矩区的力学性能,进行了5根简支组合梁负弯矩作用下的静力加载试验,分析了试验梁的变形、应变发展规律。依据试验梁承载能力极限状态下的受力特性,采用简化塑性理论推导了圆管翼缘组合梁负弯矩区纯弯、纯剪承载力的计算公式,比较了公式对试验梁极限承载力的计算精度。对比EC4、GB 50917-2013、ASCE及Liang等公式的弯剪相关关系及对试验梁极限承载力的计算结果,提出了圆管翼缘组合梁负弯矩区弯剪相关承载力的适用计算公式。研究结果表明:试验梁在试验过程中表现出良好的稳定性和延性性能,最终破坏时伴随发生了局部剪切屈曲、下翼缘侧向屈曲、梁端腹板压屈及钢梁整体弯扭屈曲等4种典型破坏形态;当混凝土翼板受拉开裂后,不计混凝土抗剪作用的计算弹性剪应变分布较为符合实测剪应变曲线;受高剪力、高弯矩相关效应影响,计算负弯矩区圆管翼缘组合梁承载力时应考虑弯剪相关作用;GB 50917-2013给出的弯剪相关关系对试验梁极限抗弯承载力的计算平均值为96%,是综合计算精度与结果安全性的较适用公式。建议在应用所提纯弯、纯剪承载力公式的基础上,采用GB 50917-2013的弯剪相关公式计算负弯矩区圆管翼缘组合梁的弯剪相关承载力。     

高强轻骨料混凝土深受弯构件受剪模型分析

根据集中荷载作用下8根剪跨比0.26~1.04、跨高比为2和3的LC40级高强轻骨料混凝土简支深受弯构件受剪性能试验结果,重点分析了该类混凝土深受弯构件的破坏过程与破坏形态。在试验研究的基础上,建立了基于软化拉-压杆模型计算理论的高强轻骨料混凝土深受弯构件受剪承载力计算模型,并应用该模型完成了22组该类构件受剪承载力试验计算与我国GB50010-2010、ACI318-08、CSA和EC2等现有规范计算结果及软化拉-压杆模型计算结果的对比分析。分析表明:高强轻骨料混凝土深受弯构件破坏形态分为剪切破坏和弯剪破坏两种,剪跨比λ≤1,其受剪承载力基本由混凝土斜压杆控制,软化拉-压杆模型计算结果接近试验值,与现行规范计算结果相当,但软化拉-压杆模型有明确的力学模型,能够合理反映深受弯构件受力机理。     

基于能量损失平衡的轻骨料混凝土深受弯构件受剪分析

尺寸效应对轻骨料混凝土深受弯构件受剪能力影响显著,现有规范和典型抗剪模型均未准确考虑。结合拉压杆模型和裂缝带处能量损失平衡理论,建立了深受弯构件受剪计算模型;在已有大量普通混凝土构件试验研究基础上,量化深受弯构件斜压杆中混凝土项和钢筋项的作用,简化模型,并通过与多国规范建议模型对比分析,验证模型的准确性;进而,考虑轻骨料混凝土与普通混凝土的受剪破损差异,修正模型,结合已完成8根轻骨料混凝土深受弯构件受剪性能试验研究,得到适用于轻骨料混凝土深受弯构件且考虑尺寸效应影响的计算模型。研究表明:基于能量损失平衡建立的深受弯构件的拉压杆模型计算结果较各国规范和Tan-Cheng模型更接近试验值,能够准确预测轻骨料混凝土深受弯构件受剪能力,并合理考虑尺寸效应,具有明确的力学概念。     

弯剪受力下后锚固群锚承载力计算方法分析

在现有研究理论基础上,针对钢-混凝土后锚固连接钢材破坏时群锚弯剪承载力计算进行分析。采用椭圆型拉剪计算公式并假定所有锚栓均参与受剪,将群锚弯剪受力问题转化为受拉最大那排锚栓的拉剪承载力计算。进行了弯剪受力下的型钢-混凝土后锚固连接件静力和低周反复加载试验,锚固方式采用化学植筋。试验结果表明:受拉最大的钢筋首先达到屈服,且发生在整体锚固破坏前,仅钢筋周围局部混凝土在临近破坏时损坏,可以判断为钢材破坏,破坏前有明显的变形征兆,低周反复加载下后锚固连接承载力较相应的静力时低,建议抗震设计时取承载力折减系数0.8。通过对比分析,该文改进后的群锚弯剪受力方法的计算结果与试验数据吻合较好,可为工程设计提供参考。     

Analysis of the experimental flexural behaviour of a concrete beam grid reinforced with C-FRP bars

In recent years the use of composite materials as reinforcement in concrete beams has increased whenever durability is the main controlling parameter. Many studies have been performed on the behaviour of concrete beams but few have analysed the structural behaviour of plane elements like slabs or grids. The paper analyses the experimental flexural behaviour of a concrete beam grid reinforced with CFRP bars. An one-third scale experimental model of a real concrete floor, was tested in bending. The experimental results show the flexural behaviour in terms of cracking phases and deflection until the failure. The experimental model was affected by the cracking of concrete even under low loads. The experimental model is analysed both by elastic theory of orthotropic plate and a FEM code. An approximate method of calculation, based on an orthotropic plate model, is developed that considers modified bending rigidities for orthogonal directions.     

Evaluating the fire endurance of concrete slabs reinforced with FRP bars: Considerations for a holistic approach

In recent years, there has been increased interest in the use of fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) bars as flexural and shear reinforcement in concrete slabs and beams. When used in building applications, provision of appropriate fire endurance in structural members is a major safety requirement that must be considered. This paper presents an overview of experimental and numerical studies carried out on FRP-reinforced concrete slabs under standard fire conditions. The factors that are likely to influence the fire performance of FRP-reinforced concrete slabs are presented and discussed, and the development of initial design guidance for evaluating of the fire resistance of concrete slabs reinforced with FRP bars is outlined. Examples are presented for illustrating the application of existing design charts for evaluating the fire endurance of concrete slabs reinforced with FRP bars. Suggestions for further research are presented.     

Flexural behavior of reinforced recycled aggregate concrete beams under short-term loading

Recycling of waste concrete is one of the sustainable solutions for the growing waste disposal crisis and depletion of natural aggregate sources. As a result, recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is produced, and so far it has mostly been used in low-value applications such as for the pavement base. But, from the standpoint of promoting resource and energy savings and environmental preservation, it is essential to study whether a concrete made of recycled aggregates—recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) can be effectively used as a structural material. The experimental research presented in this paper is performed in order to investigate the flexural behavior of RAC beams when compared to the behavior of natural aggregate concrete (NAC) beams under short-term loading and consequently the possibility of using RAC in structural concrete elements. Three different percentages of coarse RCA in total mass of coarse aggregate in concrete mixtures (0 %—NAC, 50 %—RAC50, and 100 %—RAC100), and three different reinforcement ratios (0.28, 1.46, and 2.54 %) were the governing parameters in this investigation. Full-scale tests were performed on nine simply supported beams until the failure load had been reached. Comparison of load-deflection behavior, crack patterns, service deflections, failure modes and ultimate flexural capacity of NAC and RAC beams was made based on our own and other researchers’ test results. The results of conducted analysis showed that the flexural behavior of RAC beams is satisfactory comparing to the behavior of NAC beams, for both the service and ultimate loading. It is concluded that, within the limits of this research, the use of RAC in reinforced concrete beams is technically feasible.     

考虑荷载分布的多跨连续钢-再生混凝土组合板长期性能研究

为量化再生粗骨料掺入对多跨连续钢-混凝土组合板长期性能的影响,基于ABAQUS软件建立组合板的非线性热力耦合有限元模型,模型考虑非均匀收缩、非均匀徐变以及混凝土开裂的耦合影响;利用18组足尺试验数据验证模型的可靠性,并对现有规范方法的适用性进行评述;在此基础上,研究不同荷载分布下再生粗骨料取代率对五跨连续组合板长期性能...     

Comparison between FRP and steel plating of reinforced concrete beams

Very advanced design rules have already been developed for adhesive bonding steel plates to reinforced concrete beams in order to prevent premature debonding by either shear peeling or flexural peeling. The aim of this study is to determine experimentally whether these design rules that were developed for steel plated beams and slabs, can be applied to fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) plated beams. This paper compares, with the help of test results, the shear and flexural debonding mechanisms of steel and FRP plated beams.     

钢绞线(丝)网-聚合砂浆加固钢筋混凝土梁受弯性能研究

钢绞线(丝)网-聚合砂浆加固技术是一项新型加固工艺,具有耐火、耐腐蚀、耐老化、施工速度快等优点,已被逐渐应用于钢筋混凝土结构的加固补强中。采用该技术抗弯加固钢筋混凝土梁的受力性能可分为三个阶段:未裂阶段、裂缝阶段和破坏阶段。已有研究多数集中于加固混凝土梁正常使用阶段的抗弯性能分析,对受力纵筋屈服后破坏阶段的抗弯性能分析则鲜有涉及。该文在以往试验研究的基础上,采用换算截面法计算加固钢筋混凝土梁屈服阶段和极限阶段的等效刚度,对加固梁在集中荷载作用下抗弯性能全过程进行受力分析,并通过10根加固梁的试验数据对其验证,吻合良好。     

Shear Strength Evaluation of Concrete Beams Reinforced with BFRP Bars and Steel fibers without Stirrups

This paper presents experimental and analytical investigations on concrete beams reinforced with basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) and steel fibers without stirrups. Independent behaviour of BFRP reinforced beams and steel fiber reinforced beams were evaluated and the effect of combining BFRP bars and steel fiber was investigated in detail. It is found that combining steel fibers with BFRP could change the shear failure of BFRP reinforced beam to flexural failure. Further, the existing analytical models were reviewed and compared to predict the shear strength of both FRP reinforced and steel fiber reinforced beams. Based on the review, the appropriate model was chosen and modified to predict the shear strength of BFRP reinforced beam along with steel fibers.     

Repairing reinforced concrete slabs using composite layers

There are several strengthening methods for rehabilitation of RC structural elements. The efficiency of these methods has been demonstrated by many researchers. Due to their mechanical properties, using fibrous materials in rehabilitation applications is growing fast. Therefore, this study presents rehabilitation of slabs in such a way that plain concrete layers on top, on bottom, on the entire cross section are replaced by reinforced concrete layers. In order to reinforce the concrete, Polypropylene (PP) and steel fibers were used by 0.5%, 1% and 2% fiber volume fractions. Nineteen slabs were studied under flexural loadings and fibrous material effects on the initial crack force, the maximum loading carrying capacity, absorbed energy and ductility were investigated. The obtained results demonstrated that increasing the fiber volume fraction or using reinforced concrete layer on top, bottom, or at the entire cross section of the slabs not only always leads to improvement in the slab performance, but also sometimes debilitates the slab performance. Hence, this study will propose the best positioning of reinforced concrete layer, fiber volume fraction and fiber type to achieve the best flexural performance of slabs.     

Nonlinear finite element analyses of FRP-reinforced concrete slabs using a new layered composite plate element

A simple and shear-flexible rectangular composite layered plate element and nonlinear finite element analysis procedures are developed in this paper for nonlinear analysis of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP)-reinforced concrete slabs. The composite layered plate element is constructed based on Mindlin–Reissner plate theory and Timoshenko’s composite beam functions, and transverse shear effects and membrane-bending coupling effects are accounted for. Both geometric nonlinearity and material nonlinearity of the materials, which incorporates tension, compression, tension stiffening and cracking of the concrete, are included in the new model. The developed element and the nonlinear finite element analysis procedures are validated by comparing the computed numerical results of numerical examples with those obtained from experimental investigations and from the commercial finite element analysis package ABAQUS. The element is then employed to investigate the nonlinear structural behavior and the cracking progress of a clamped two-way FRP-reinforced concrete slab. The influences of reinforcement with different materials, ratio and layout in tension or compressive regions on structural behavior of the clamped slabs are investigated by parametric studies.     

Performance-based optimal design of compression-yielding FRP-reinforced concrete beams

The application of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite in concrete structures has drawn worldwide interest recently. However, a critical drawback of the resulting structures is their poor ductility performance, due to FRP’s linear-elastic mechanical properties. “Unless ductility requirements are satisfied, FRP materials cannot be used reliably in structural engineering applications” [1]. To resolve this problem, the authors recently developed a new technology to improve the ductility of flexural members through compression yielding (CY). In the experimental and theoretical investigations that have been undertaken so far, the CY concept has proved to be not only theoretically interesting and attractive, but also practically feasible. As CY beams make use of a different avenue to deliver ductility, their design is different from that in conventional reinforced concrete theory. This paper investigates the mechanical behavior of CY structures and proposes a criterion-based optimal design methodology that directly and quantitatively addresses ductility and strength demands.