HPLC法研究当归-红花单煎及共煎液中有效成分含量的变化

目的 研究和探讨当归-红花单煎及共煎液中有效成分阿魏酸和羟基红花黄色素A含量的变化,初步探索两味中药配伍应用的变化规律.方法 采用Phenomenex C18柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm),以甲醇-0.05%磷酸水溶液(pH=2.45,25:75)为流动相;流速:1.0 mL/min;柱温:30℃;进样温度:5℃;检测波长分别为320 nm、403 nm.测定追踪当归-红花共煎液与单煎液中主要有效成分阿魏酸和羟基红花黄色素A含量的变化.结果 阿魏酸回归方程为Y=3.837 2X+0.0219(r=0.999 8),在0.5～10.0μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为92.68～101.13%,RSD小于3.2%;羟基红花黄色素A回归方程为Y=1.364 7X-0.371 4(r=0.999 9),在5.0～100.0 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为100.17～102.97%,RSD小于2.8%;当归红花共煎液中阿魏酸含量比当归单煎液中平均升高142.64%,羟基红花黄色素A含量比红花单煎液中平均升高145.37%.结论 当归-红花共煎液中阿魏酸和羟基红花黄色素A的含量高于各单煎液中含量,两者配伍具有一定的合理性.该法快速、简便、准确,可为评价提取物中阿魏酸和羟基红花黄色素A的质量提供依据.     

以离体肝灌流技术研究当归对黄药子肝毒性的保护作用

目的:通过测定离体肝灌流液中的黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)及病理组织学观察,评价黄药子、当归及其相配伍后的水提取物对肝脏毒性作用。方法:采用离体肝灌流方法,分别加入各组药物,定时收集各组灌流液,测定XOD,并对灌流肝脏进行HE染色光镜观察。结果:黄药子水提取物在灌流液低浓度(1.1mg/ml)、短时间(15min以后)即可导致肝细胞损伤,并与浓度和时间呈依赖关系。黄药子:当归1∶2合煎液中低浓度未见对肝细胞有损伤。结论:黄药子单煎液有明显肝毒性,配伍当归后有明显肝保护作用。     

川芎当归单煎共煎液中有效成分含量的变化

 目的比较川芎当归单煎共煎液中有效成分川芎嗪和阿魏酸含量的变化,初步探索二味中药配伍的变化规律。方法采用RP-HPLC法。Waters symmetry C₁₈色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),柱温25℃;梯度洗脱,流动相A(1%冰醋酸),B相为甲醇;流速1 mL·min^-1,检测波长298 nm处检测。结果川芎嗪回归方程Y=58.401ρ+3.931 8,r=0.999 7,在0.25～25mg·L^-1范围内相关性良好,平均加样回收率91.00%,RSD为2.7%;阿魏酸回归方程Y=76.976ρ-12.375,r=0.999 9,在0.35～35 mg·L^-1范围内相关性良好,平均加样回收率98.17%,RSD为1.3%。结论川芎当归共煎液中川芎嗪和阿魏酸含量比各单煎液中含量要高。本法简便,灵敏准确,可用于测定川芎嗪和阿魏酸的含量。     

当归与丹参配伍后对其主要成分阿魏酸浓度的影响分析

目的:研究当归与丹参配伍后对其主要成分阿魏酸浓度的影响。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,测定当归、丹参不同配比对当归中阿魏酸浓度。结果:当归、丹参合煎液中阿魏酸浓度高于当归、丹参混合液中阿魏酸的含量;当归、丹参进行5∶5配比时,阿魏酸浓度显著高于当归单煎液及其他比例混合液中的阿魏酸浓度。结论:当归、丹参配伍可以提高阿魏酸的溶出率,改善药效,值得临床应用和推广。     

当归六黄汤分煎样品与合煎样品中阿魏酸、盐酸小檗碱、黄芩苷含量的比较

目的 对当归六黄汤分煎样品与合煎样品中阿魏酸、盐酸小檗碱、黄芩苷的含量进行比较,从而为其临床应用提供依据.方法 均采用反相液相色谱法,DIKMA ODS-C_(18)柱(5 μm 4.6 mm×250 mm),以0.085%磷酸-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 ml·min~(-1),柱温:35℃,检测波长为326nm测定阿魏酸.以乙腈-0.5%的三乙胺(磷酸调pH=3.00)(27:73)为流动相,流速为1.0 ml·min~(-1),柱温:30℃,检测波长为343 nm测定盐酸小檗碱.以甲醇-水-磷酸(55:45:0.2)为流动相,检测波长为280 nm,流速为1.0ml·min~(-1),柱温30℃测定黄芩苷.结果 3个指标性成分在分煎样品中平均含量均大于合煎样品中平均含量.结论 从中药复方汤剂中指标性成分的含量考虑,当归六黄汤配方颗粒应用于临床具有一定的可行性.     

吴茱萸当归不同比例配伍对阿魏酸含量的影响

目的:考察吴茱萸当归药对中主要成分随吴茱萸当归配比变化的溶出规律。方法:本研究采用高效液相色谱法测定吴茱萸当归药对不同配伍比例对当归中活性成分阿魏酸含量的影响。色谱柱:DiamonsilC₁₈(4.6mm×150mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-0.085%磷酸水溶液(16∶84);检测波长:316nm;柱温:35℃;流速:1.0mL·min^-1。结果:在所观察的吴茱萸与当归的9个配伍比例中,随着吴茱萸比例的增加,阿魏酸溶出率逐渐增高,以6∶4配伍组含量较高,且其后含量增加趋于平稳,与《金匮要略》温经汤配伍比例相符合。结论:以现代研究方法证实吴茱萸当归药对的最佳配伍比例与《金匮要略》温经汤中的两药配伍比例相符合。     

中药药对半夏生姜分煎、合煎HPLC组分分析

目的:研究中药药对的分煎、合煎的紫外图谱,通过对谱图的整体信息进行比较和分析,探求药对分煎、合煎的整体成分变化。方法:采用高效液相色谱法梯度分离,色谱柱为RPC18(4.6mm×150mm,5μm,Cadenza CD-C₁₈ # ZB 0703C),流动相A液(0.1%TFA水溶液),B液[乙腈-水-TFA(450∶50∶0.5)],检测波长215nm。以非药对黄芩甘草为对照。结果:药对组半夏生姜合煎跟分煎后的主峰发生了变化,而非药对黄芩甘草变化不大。各组出峰数的增减改变相似。结论:合煎有可能使药物的主成分溶出度发生一定变化,药对组发生改变的倾向更明显。     

RP-HPLC法测定生化汤单煎液与共煎液中阿魏酸的含量

目的比较生化汤单煎液与共煎液中阿魏酸的含量。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,InertsilODS-3C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);甲醇-水(含1%乙酸)(45∶55,v/v)为流动相;流速1.0mL/min;检测波长为321nm;外标法定量。结果阿魏酸在0.6～180.0mg/L范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999,n=6),平均回收率为102.65%。结论共煎液中阿魏酸的含量明显高于单煎液(P<0.01)。     

红花当归单煎共煎液中有效成分含量的变化

 目的 比较红花当归单煎共煎液中有效成分羟基红花黄色素A和阿魏酸含量的变化,初步探索2味中药配伍的变化规律。方法 采用RP-HPLC,色谱柱为Shim-pack VP-ODS C₁₈（4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm）,流动相为甲醇-0.02 mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾缓冲液（磷酸调节pH至 3.5）,采用梯度洗脱进行分析;检测波长为230 nm,流速为1.0 mL·min-1。结果 羟基红花黄色素A回归方程Y=22 821ρ-4 105.1,r=0.999 9,在2.5～50 mg·L-1内线性相关良好,平均加样回收率为100.1％,RSD为2.2%;阿魏酸回归方程Y=70 219ρ-2 573.9,r=0.999 9,在0.5～10 mg·L-1内线性相关良好,平均加样回收率为101.4％,RSD为3.0 %。结论 红花当归共煎液中羟基红花黄色素A和阿魏酸含量比各单煎液中含量高。共煎更有助于有效成分的提取。本方法简便、快速、准确,适用于同时测定羟基红花黄色素A和阿魏酸的含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定当归补血汤分煎液与合煎液中阿魏酸含量

目的；比较当归补血汤（当归，黄芪）分煎液与合煎液中阿魏酸含量。方法：采用HypersilC18，以甲醇-0.05%乙酸（45：55）为流动相，在324nm波长处测定。结果：分煎液阿魏液平均回收率为100.86%,RSD=2.33%。合煎液阿魏酸平均回收率为101.37%,RSD=1.52%。结论：合煎液中阿魏酸含量高于分煎液。     

马牙七提取物体外抗菌研究

目的:研究马牙七提取物体外抑菌作用。方法:采用琼脂扩散法研究马牙七提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、福氏志贺氏菌、痢疾志贺氏菌、肠炎沙门菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、普通变形杆菌、生孢梭菌、大肠埃希氏菌、乙型溶血性链球菌的体外抑制作用。结果:马牙七水提取物对痢疾志贺氏菌、乙型溶血性链球菌有抑菌作用;马牙七正丁醇萃取物对痢疾志贺氏菌、乙型溶血性链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有抑菌作用。结论:马牙七对痢疾志贺、金黄色葡萄球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌有一定的抑菌作用,具有一定的应用前景。     

刺山柑提取物的体外抗脂质过氧化作用

目的:研究刺山柑提取物对正常小鼠脂质过氧化的影响。方法:小鼠肝匀浆与刺山柑提取物共浴后,以自发产生脂质过氧化或者分别以自由基诱导剂CCl4、H2O2和铁离子-抗坏血酸(Fe2+-VitC)激发脂质过氧化作用,以MDA产生量作为脂质过氧化作用指标。结果:刺山柑提取物0.1 mg/ml组可明显降低小鼠肝组织自发性MDA的生成,减轻Fe2+-VitC诱导所致的肝脏脂质过氧化反应;刺山柑提取物0.5 mg/ml组可减轻CCl4、H2O2诱导所致的肝脏脂质过氧化反应。结论 :刺山柑提取物具有良好的抗脂质过氧化作用。     

Evidence for some prostaglandins in Allium sativum extracts

Homogenized garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) was extracted successively with organic solvents and the prostaglandin-rich fraction separated. Fractionation of the extract with column chromatography was performed. TLC of the extract indicated that prostaglandin like materials could be present. GC analysis detected prostaglandins A₂ and F_1α in the extract. This conclusion was confirmed by enrichment procedures using GC.     

High-throughput profiling of microbial extracts

Microbial culture extracts are used for natural products screening in the drug lead discovery process. An extract of a microbial culture is a complex mixture of organic compounds, making it difficult to evaluate the diversity and redundancy of the compounds. However, having a diverse extract library is a key to success in generating a lead for drug discovery. We have developed a high-throughput and robust LC-MS analysis and data processing method for visualizing sample profile and diversity. In the LC-MS analysis of 16?025 microbial culture extracts, positive and negative ions were acquired simultaneously with an electrospray ionization source. The raw data were processed using ACD IntelliXtract, and peak lists of each extract were generated and stored in the database. The peak list data were binned by nominal mass (m/z 150-1350) and retention time. How frequently the binned peaks, termed peak identifiers, appeared in the extracts library was calculated, and these data were visualized by scattered plots in Spotfire. From 4 to 115 peaks were observed in each sample. As it is easy to eliminate the ubiquitous peaks shown in most samples and simplify the plots, the unique or redundant compounds could be detected.     

地龙提取物的抗凝血作用

目的研究地龙提取物的抗凝血作用。方法观察地龙提取物对小鼠凝血、出血时间和家兔离体血浆复钙时间的影响,测定提取物中游离氨基酸的量。结果地龙提取物能延长小鼠凝血、出血时间和家兔离体血浆复钙时间。游离氨基酸测定结果表明,提取物中含有丰富的氨基酸。结论地龙提取物所含的游离氨基酸可能是其抗凝血作用的有效成分。     

Search for antiviral activity in higher plant extracts

In the course of our search for plant natural products as antiviral agents, extracts of ten plants from the Iberian Peninsula were tested for antiviral activity against herpes simplex type I (HSV-1), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and poliovirus type 1. Aqueous extracts of five of these medicinal plants, namely Nepeta nepetella (150-500 microg/mL), Nepeta coerulea (150-500 microg/mL), Nepeta tuberosa (150-500 microg/mL), Dittrichia viscosa (50-125 microg/mL) and Sanguisorba minor magnolii (50-125 microg/mL), showed a clear antiviral activity against two different DNA and RNA viruses, i.e. HSV-1 and VSV. Only the medicinal plant Dittrichia viscosa was active against an additional virus, poliovirus type 1.     

Pollen extracts reduce the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol in mice

Cernitins are preparations obtained from plant pollen which contain numerous compounds of potential biological significance. This work deals with the influence of cernitins upon acute paracetamol toxicity in mice. The survival rate and indices of hepatic injury: aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, bilirubin level in serum, glutathione and cytochrome P-450 content in liver, liver weight, histopathologic picture of the liver and presence of glycogen and lipids in stained liver sections, under different experimental protocols, were determined. It was found that cernitins are able to increase the survival rate of mice and reduce liver injury in acute paracetamol poisoning. Cernitins are more effective when administered after, rather than before, a dose of paracetamol. The possible mechanism through which cernitins may act is discussed.     

Suitability of antidigoxin antiserum for digoxin in plant extracts

Antiserum specificity for digoxin was demonstrated by means of three tests: cross-reactivities test, dilutions test and thin-layer chromatography test. The cross-reactivities test examined quantitatively the cross-reactivities with specific compounds and provided an explanation for the basis of the dilutions test. The dilutions test was used to demonstrate the suitability or unsuitability of the antiserum for use in the radioimmunoassay of digoxin in a crude biological sample. The tlc test examined for antiserum cross-reactivity with digoxin and related compounds in a crude extract.     

Effects of antiinflammatory plant extracts on ovoimplantation in rats

The effects of five antiinflammatory plant extracts on ovoimplantation was investigated in albino rats. Rats treated with plant extracts from days 4 to 6 (periimplantation) of pregnancy showed either a total absence (20%–40%) or a considerably reduced number of implantations in utero. The observation suggests that the use of antiinflammatory plant extracts during the periimplantation period impairs fertility probably by reducing the vascular permeability which is an obligate accompaniment of normal implantation.