水杨酸对加工番茄贮藏品质的影响

[目的]研究水杨酸处理对加工番茄贮藏品质的影响.[方法]以新疆加工番茄为试材,对其进行浓度为0.1、0.3、0.5 g/L SA溶液(清水为对照)浸果实20 min的涂膜处理,置于室温(20～25℃)下进行贮藏,研究SA对加工番茄贮藏期中失重率、硬度、腐烂率、可溶性固形物、Vc和番茄红素含量的影响.[结果]用SA处理过的加工番茄与对照(清水)相比,0.5 g/L的处理能够明显降低果实的失重率和腐烂率,延缓果实硬度的下降,较好地抑制Vc的氧化,保持番茄红素含量的效果最佳,较好地保持了番茄果实的外观品质及营养品质.[结论]用SA涂膜处理采摘后的番茄,能有效地提高番茄的贮藏品质,有一定的可行性.     

番茄白粉病对番茄叶片光合特性的影响

[目的]为探明番茄白粉病的致病机理,研究番茄白粉病对番茄光合特性的影响.[方法]人工接种番茄白粉菌于4种番茄上,番茄感病后在自然光照条件下,用Li-6400便携式光合仪测定番茄叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率等参数.[结果]4个番茄品种感病后的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均下降,但不同品种感病后净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率下降幅度不同,其中感病较重的金洋大飓星(4号)和鑫盛一号(5号)下降幅度较大,感病较轻的改良96-8和露佳(13号)下降幅度较小.[结论]研究结果可为番茄白粉病的致病机理、防治新途径以及抗病育种研究提供理论基础.     

水杨酸对铜胁迫下小麦种子萌发及抗氧化代谢的影响

[目的]研究水杨酸(SA)促进铜胁迫下小麦种子的萌发及其对萌发过程中氧化胁迫的缓解效应.[方法]采用不同浓度的CuCl<,2>模拟金属铜胁迫梯度处理小麦种子,以小麦种子发芽率达到对照的50%时,为铜胁迫对小麦种子萌发的半抑制浓度;用SA预处理小麦种子6 h后,置于半抑制浓度的铜胁迫条件下,研究小麦种子的发芽状况,检测种子中的铜含量,并探究萌发的种子中过氧化物酶(POD)活性和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性2个抗氧化指标的变化.[结果]SA能显著促进铜胁迫下小麦种子的萌发;经SA预处理的种子中铜含量明显低于对照;经SA预处理的小麦种子中POD和CAT的活性均明显高于对照.[结论]SA能促进小麦种子的萌发,提高小麦种子的抗氧化能力,同时还可以通过降低种子中的铜含量来缓解其对种子的胁迫效应.     

水杨酸镧热稳定剂对PVC塑料热稳定性的影响及其机理研究

采用改进的复分解法合成水杨酸镧,并与其他热稳定剂进行二元、三元协同,添加到PVC树脂粉中,应用刚果红法进行热稳定性能的测定,用红外光谱法对样品进行表征.结果表明,二组分协同以水杨酸镧1%+硬脂酸铈1.5%的质量配比较好,其热降解温度达195℃,热稳定时间可达270秒; 0.5%水杨酸镧+0.5%硬脂酸铈+1.0%三碱硫酸铅三组分协同显示了优异的热稳定性能,热稳定时间达到702秒,热降解温度达到了216℃,水杨酸镧,硬脂酸铈,三碱硫酸铅三元复合的热稳定剂的稳定机理可能为继稳定机理.     

新建万吨水杨酸进入试产阶段

河北敬业集团新建水杨酸车间于2012年1月10日建成，1月11日单机试车，14日开始投料试生产，20日生产出了第一批成品，全部合格，质量良好。截至1月31日，共生产水杨酸54．4t。     

不同浓度钾对基质栽培樱桃番茄营养生长的影响

[目的]为樱桃番茄基质栽培中合理施用钾肥提供科学依据.[方法]以樱桃番茄为试验材料,于2010年2～6月研究无土栽培营养液中不同浓度钾(3、8、13 mmol/L,分别以处理K3、K8、K13表示)对番茄株高、茎粗、叶面积和叶片数的影响.[结果]K8处理植株的茎粗和叶面积极显著大于K3、K13处理,株高和叶片数显著大于K3、K13处理.2010年6月12日,处理K3、K8、K13番茄植株的平均茎粗分别为1.010、1.339、1.032 cm,平均叶面积分别为0.262、0.291、0.191 m2,平均株高分别为93.48、112.65、101.13 cm,平均叶片数分别为14.0、16.5、14.3片.[结论]无土栽培营养液中钾浓度为8 mmol/L的处理较适合樱桃番茄生长.     

水杨酸-次氯酸钠光度法测定水中微量苯胺的研究

在亚硝基铁氰化钾存在下，苯胺在氢氧化钠介质(pH=12．5)中与次氯酸钠、水杨酸反应生成靛酚蓝。苯胺的质量浓度在0．09—8．00mg／L范围内符合比尔定律，用于环境水中微量苯胺类化合物的测定，结果与标准方法吻合。     

苗期夜间低温处理对番茄叶片蔗糖代谢的影响

[目的]探讨夜间低温处理对番茄叶片蔗糖代谢的影响.[方法]以夜温15℃为对照,设夜温6℃(18:00～6:00)为处理,处理7d后测定番茄叶片糖和淀粉含量及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性:[结果]夜间低温处理增加了叶片中的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、总糖和淀粉的含量,果糖和葡萄糖含量与对照相比差异不显著,蔗糖、总糖和淀粉含量与对照相比差异达极显著水平;夜间低温处理增加了叶片中酸性转化酶(AI)和中性转化酶(NI)活性,降低了蔗糖合成酶(SS)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性.[结论]夜间低温导致番茄叶片中光合产物积累,对光合作用产生反馈抑制.     

水杨酸类稀土配合物对三种植物病原菌的抑制作用研究

为测定水杨酸类稀土配合物在植物病害防治中的作用,采用滤纸片琼脂平板扩散法,以西(甜)瓜果斑病菌(Acidovorax citrulli)、甘薯软腐病菌(Rhizopus nigricans Ehvb)、柑橘青霉病菌(Penicillium italicum Wehmer)三种贮藏期植物病害的病原菌为试验对象,测定了5-氨基水杨酸和7种水杨酸类稀土配合物的抑菌作用。结果表明,7种水杨酸类稀土配合物的抑菌效果均高于5-氨基水杨酸,且对西瓜果斑病菌的生长抑制较为明显。镧复合物对柑橘青霉病菌的抑菌效果最好,镝复合物对西(甜)瓜果斑病菌和甘薯软腐病菌的生长抑制作用均有较强的抑制作用。     

提高酸性铵盐沉钒效果的研究

以江西某地含钒石煤经焙烧-水浸-离子交换所得的富钒液为对象, 研究了加酸加铵方式、添加晶种以及产品洗涤方式对酸性铵盐沉钒制备多聚钒酸铵(APV)的影响. 结果表明: 冷态下采用2次加酸1次加铵、加铵pH值为5左右的方式沉钒有助于提高沉钒效果, V_2O_5纯度可达99%以上; 低浓度含钒溶液沉钒时, 按其生成APV质量的1/200加入晶种破坏溶液过饱和度, 可将沉钒时间缩短25%; 得到的沉淀物经液固比为40∶ 1的自来水洗涤, 能将APV中Na~+, K~+含量降至0.24%, 且钒损失率仅为0.2%.     

Adsorption of Octyl Hydroxamic Acid/Salt on Cassiterite

The interaction of octyl hydroxamic acid/salt with cassiterite has been studied using adsorption, electrokinetic and infrared spectroscopic techniques. Results indicate that the surfactant sorbs on the mineral surface by relatively weak forces, both specific and physical in nature. Adsorption was greater in the acidic pH region than in the alkaline pH, implying the involvement of hydroxamic acid molecule and hydroxylated cassiterite of the type–Sn(OH), in the sorption process. Electrokinetic and FTIR studies confirmed the involvement of specific forces of interaction in the sorption process. Based on the experimental observations, the possible modes of sorption are discussed.     

Thermochemical Study on Coordination Complex of Samarium with Salicylic Acid and 8-Hydroxyquinoline

It is knownthat rare earthions ,8-hydroxyquino-line and salicylic acid are antibacterial[1 ～5].Synthesisand characterization of the rare earth complexes withsalicylic acid were reported by Sun[6].Synthesis andcharacterization of the rare earth complexes …     

Adsorption of Octyl Hydroxamic Acid/Salt on Cassiterite

Abstract

The interaction of octyl hydroxamic acid/salt with cassiterite has been studied using adsorption, electrokinetic and infrared spectroscopic techniques. Results indicate that the surfactant sorbs on the mineral surface by relatively weak forces, both specific and physical in nature. Adsorption was greater in the acidic pH region than in the alkaline pH, implying the involvement of hydroxamic acid molecule and hydroxylated cassiterite of the type-Sn(OH), in the sorption process. Electrokinetic and FTIR studies confirmed the involvement of specific forces of interaction in the sorption process. Based on the experimental observations, the possible modes of sorption are discussed.     

Inducement of Salicylic Acid in Cucumber Cotyledons by Neodymium and Lanthanum

The cotyledons of cucumber were used to investigate the effects of Nd^3＋ and La^3＋ on physiological characters in respect of plant resistance. The cucumber cotyledons were sprayed with 15 μg · ml^-1· Nd^3＋ and La^3＋, and the changers on salicylic acid （SA） and SA 2-O-β-glucoside （SAG） contents, the generation of ·O2^-, and β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase activities were measured. The results demonstrated that the yields of endogenous SA and SAG in cucumber cotyledons were enhanced significantly in a short time in response to Nd^3＋ and La^3＋ treatments. At 3 h after La^3＋ treatment, the levels of SA and SAG reached the maximum, with 4.3 and 3.3-fold of that in control （CK）, respectively. At 12 h after Nd3＋ treatment, the contents of SA and SAG reached peak levels, increased by 4.5 and 3.0-fold of that in control （CK）, respec- tively. These two components were kept in a higher level up to 72 h after treatment. The generation rate of · O2^- increased gradually in the treatments of Nd^3＋ or La^3＋, and then decreased in cucumber at 12 h. β-1,3-glucanase activity reached peak at 3 h, while chitinase activity reached peak at 12 h, and then both decreased gradually in Nd^3＋ or La^3＋ treatments. At 72 h after treatment, activities of β-1, 3-glucanase and chitinase increased by about 30% and 50%, as compared with CK. Therefore, these results suggested that both Nd^3＋ and La^3＋ could increase the contents of endogenous SA and its related factors which induce plant resistance through the signal pathway of the salicylic acid.     

熔盐氯化废渣回收氯化盐及其促进钛铁矿盐酸浸出研究

对熔盐氯化废渣进行氯化盐回收,并对回收氯化盐用于钛铁矿盐酸浸出体系作了初步研究。结果表明,水浸可以高效地将熔盐氯化废渣中的可溶氯化盐和不溶氧化物分离。水浸后剩余不溶残渣仅为11%,主要由Fe2O3、(Fe,Mg)2Ti O5和以及(Ca,Al,Mg)Si O3等性质稳定的物质组成,便于堆存,对环境无害。而KCl、Na Cl等废渣中主要氯化物在水浸母液蒸发结晶盐中富集,Cl元素回收率超过95%。回收得到的氯化盐添加到钛铁矿盐酸浸出体系中,可以提高钛铁矿的浸出反应活性。添加氯化盐比例越大,得到的人造金红石产品Ti O2品位越高。添加质量比为50%的氯化盐,可使人造金红石Ti O2品位由80.8%提升至84.5%。     

邻菲罗啉和水杨酸与RE(Ⅲ)三元配合物的合成及表征

在无水甲醇中合成了邻菲罗啉 ( Phen)、水杨酸 ( HSal)与 Nd( )、Sm( )的固态三元配合物。研究了其化学组成、溶解性、红外光谱和摩尔电导等性质 ,证实配合物的化学组成式为 Nd( Phen) 2 ( Sal) 2 Cl· H2 O及 Sm( Phen) 2 ( Sal) 2 Cl· H2 O,金属离子的配位数为 9。