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通过对地震发生模型、地震的震源特性,不确定性问题和GIS技术的应用等4方面的阐述,提出了工程场地地震安全性评价的发展趋势及新理论、新技术的运用。 相似文献
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本文通过回顾,展望及对现行《工程场地地震安全性评价工作规范》有关条文的理解,论述了历史地震研究在工程地震中的重要作用。历史地震研究,不仅在甄别历史地震参数、评定场地的地震基本烈度、编制地震烈度区划图、分析地震资料的时空不均匀性和历史地震对场地的方面是主要的手段和方法,而且在提供具有概率含义的抗震设防参数、编制综合性的设防区划图、确定背景地震强度等方面,也可能成为重要的方法。 相似文献
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地震台阵、台阵地震学在中国的现状与发展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文介绍了地震台阵建设的国内外进展与趋势,以及台阵技术研究的国内外进展情况,并展开论述了下一阶段有关地震台阵技术研究的内容。 相似文献
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“数字地球”是对真实地球及其相关现象的统一性的数字化重现和认识,是信息化的地球,是地球的虚拟对照体。“数字地球”的科学体系由基础研究、技术支撑和科学工程三部分组成。现代地震学同样需要基础研究、支撑技术和科学工程,其中,最后一个体系即相当于实时地震学。实时地震学调基础研究和现代技术的结合,强调地震学研究成果的转化和对社会与公众的服务,是地震学发展的“最高境界”。实时地震学需要基础研究和现代技术,更需要建立地震速报系统、地震趋势分析系统、灾害评估系统和地震救灾系统这样的系统工程。 相似文献
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简要回顾了数字地震学诞生以来所取得的科学成果。结合我国地震观测系统大规模数字化改造的实践,着重阐述了区域数字化地震台网的观测优势,以及在台网建设目标、观测资料的充分利用和高素质人才培养方面存在的劣势和不足。还提出了对关于区域数字地震台网建设和发展过程中的指导思想、“软件”和“硬件”的关系、基础和应用研究与地震预报的关系、数字地震学的发展与高素质人才培养的关系等等问题的思考和建议。 相似文献
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Inference and Assumption in Historical Seismology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. M. W. Musson 《Surveys in Geophysics》1998,19(2):189-203
The principal aim in studies of historical earthquakes is usually to be able to derive parameters for past earthquakes from macroseismic or other data and thus extend back in time parametric earthquake catalogues, often with improved seismic hazard studies as the ultimate goal. In cases of relatively recent historical earthquakes, for example, those of the 18th and 19th centuries, it is often the case that there is such an abundance of available macroseismic data that estimating earthquake parameters is relatively straightforward. For earlier historical periods, especially medieval and earlier, and also for areas where settlement or documentation are sparse, the situation is much harder. The seismologist often finds that he has only a few data points (or even one) for an earthquake that nevertheless appears to be regionally significant.In such cases, it is natural that the investigator will attempt to make the most of the available data, expanding it by making working assumptions, and from these deriving conclusions by inference (i.e. the process of proceeding logically from some premise). This can be seen in a number of existing studies; in some cases extremely slight data are so magnified by the use of inference that one must regard the results as tentative in the extreme. Two main types of inference can be distinguished. The first type is inference from documentation. This is where assumptions are made such as: the absence of a report of the earthquake from this monastic chronicle indicates that at this locality the earthquake was not felt. The second type is inference from seismicity. Here one deals with arguments such as all recent earthquakes felt at town X are events occurring in seismic zone Y, therefore this ancient earthquake which is only reported at town X probably also occurred in this zone.While in many cases such assumptions may very well be correct, they are usually not testable – or at least untested. Furthermore, it is possible to produce numerous contrary examples. It is concluded that the use of inference to amplify poor data must be made very transparent to the end user of the results, to avoid misleading appearances of accuracy. In many cases it may be best to abandon the quest for parameters altogether and admit that the data are inadequate. 相似文献
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时移地震又称四维地震,是近些年发展起来的前沿物探技术。本文分析了时移地震中用到的关键技术;给出了其流动单元的概念和具体定义流动单元的数据结构;重点阐述了在剖面或切片上解释流动单元时增加解释点的实现方法。通过一个具体的实例数据展示了处理效果。 相似文献
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Tocelebratethe100AnniversaryoftheInternationalAssociationofSeismology(nowInternationalAssociationofSeismologyandPhysicsoftheEarthsInterior,IASPEI),theInternationalHandbookofEarthquakeandEngi-neeringSeismology,Volumes1and2,werepublishedbyAcademicPressin2002and2003,respectively.ThisHandbookisoneoftheprojectsofIASPEICommitteeonEducation(nowCommissiononEducationandOutreach),incollaborationwiththeInternationalAssociationforEarthquakeEngineering(IAEE).Thiscomprehensivereferencesumma… 相似文献