基于MATLAB的车用快速控制原型软件平台的研究与实现

通过对现代控制系统设计开发方法中的快速原型技术的分析,研究实现了基于MATLAB的快速控制原型开发软件平台。系统提供了用户透明和面向THECU-2003控制原型硬件平台的快速原型开发、自动代码生成、目标代码下载、在线调试支持和代码管理的快速开发辅助工具。     

SystemJ: A GALS language for system level design

In this paper we present the syntax, semantics, and compilation of a new system-level programming language called SystemJ. SystemJ is a multiclock language supporting the Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous (GALS) model of computation. The synchronous reactive (SR) model is used for synchronous parts of the modelled system, and those parts, which represent individual clock-domains, are coupled asynchronously each to the other on the top-level of system design. SystemJ is based on Java language, which is used to describe “instantaneous” data transformations. Hence, SystemJ is well suited for both software-based embedded and distributed systems. SystemJ offers effective modelling of (1) data transformations through the power of Java, (2) control and synchronous concurrency through the SR paradigm and (3) asynchronous concurrency through clock domains and rendezvous. The language is based on semantics that is amenable to efficient code generation and partial automatic verification. The SystemJ micro-step semantics provide asynchronous and synchronous extensions over the semantics of other SR languages such as Esterel and provide an ideal platform for efficient software implementation.     

Towards an algebraic specification of code generation

We show how the problem of code generation for a simple language can be treated fully algebraically. The algebraic approach enjoys several advantages which should be demonstrated here. First, it allows a uniform specification both of the abstract syntax and of the semantics of the source and the target language on one side and of the code generation on the other side by means of hierarchical abstract data types. Moreover, theorems about the compiler, such as the preservation of the semantics, can be proved by induction on the term structure of the abstract syntax. Furthermore, existing tools for rapid prototyping with abstract data types can be applied to validate the specification against the intention in an early stage. In addition, this paper shows how such a system can also be used for performing induction proofs of conjectures.     

Concurrent intelligent rapid prototyping environment

Rapid prototyping technology enables rapid production of complex objects directly from a computer-aided design model without involving any tooling or conventional part programming. This has created a new set of problems associated with part design, process planning, support design and value engineering analysis of rapid prototyping parts. In this paper, a methodology for resolving these problems is described, which uses concurrent engineering, distributed blackboard, value engineering, knowledge-based and feature-based technologies. The functionality, design methodology and knowledge representation techniques of a concurrent intelligent rapid prototyping system for stereolithography form the main focus of this paper.     

Rapid Prototyping of Real-Time Information Processing Units for Mechatronic Systems

Mechatronics is a rapidly growing field that requires application specific hardware/software solutions for complex information processing at very low power and area consumption, and cost. Rapid prototyping is a proven method to check a design against its requirements during early design phases and thus shorten the overall design cycle. Rapid Prototyping of real-time information processing units in mechatronics applications requires code generation and hardware synthesis tools for a fast and efficient search in the design space. In this paper we present a rapid prototyping environment that supports the designer of application specific embedded controllers during the requirement's validation phase.     

复杂嵌入式系统原型设计工具Statemate

嵌入式系统的设计面临着系统复杂性的挑战。StatemateMAGNUM是面向功能需求的系统级自动设计软件包,定位于复杂的反应型嵌入式实时混合系统的原型设计与正规化验证。通过对Statemate主要特性、方法论、核心技术及国内外应用情况的介绍与讨论,展示了该工具的良好应用前景。     

State-centric programming for sensor-actuator network systems

Distributed embedded systems such as wireless sensor and actuator networks require new programming models and software tools to support the rapid design and prototyping of sensing and control applications. Unlike centralized platforms and Web-based distributed systems, these distributed sensor-actuator network (DSAN) systems are characterized by a massive number of potentially failing nodes, limited energy and bandwidth resources, and the need to rapidly respond to sensor input. We describe a state-centric, agent-based design methodology to mediate between a system developer's mental model of physical phenomena and the distributed execution of DSAN applications. Building on the ideas of data-centric networking, sensor databases, and proximity-based group formation, we introduce the notion of collaboration groups, which abstracts common patterns in application-specific communication and resource allocation. Using a distributed tracking application with sensor networks, we'll demonstrate how state-centric programming can raise the abstraction level for application developers.     

混合动力汽车快速控制原型系统仿真平台开发

摘 要：为加快混合动力汽车控制策略的开发进度,缩短产品开发周期,设计与开发了基于飞思卡尔MC9S12DG256控制器、驾驶员模拟器、控制器自动代码生成编译工具包及Freemaster实时数据监测软件构成的混合动力汽车控制策略快速控制原型系统半实物仿真平台,将底层驱动与上层控制策略模型一键下载到MC9S12DG256控制器,实现模型到代码的自动下载,并能与AVL CRUISE 中车辆信息进行实时的串口通信。针对一款并联式混合动力客车进行仿真实验,结果能较好地模拟实车特性,验证了该仿真平台的有效性,其开发成本低廉,易在高校中推广。     

飞行控制系统快速原型设计与实现

快速原型仿真是实时仿真的一种,它处于产品研发的算法设计阶段与具体实现阶段之间,是产品研制过程中的一个重要环节。介绍了快速原型技术的发展与优势,搭建了基于DSP的快速原型硬件平台;针对仿真平台,开发了simulink下的底层接口驱动;实现了飞行控制系统的仿真模型在快速原型上的自动代码生成,并完成了半实物仿真。研究表明,通过使用快速原型对算法进行验证,可以方便快捷地将simulink模型应用于半实物仿真系统,降低了算法验证的难度,缩短研制周期,并提高仿真系统的灵活性和可靠性。     

Flexible VLIW processor based on FPGA for efficient embedded real-time image processing

Modern field programmable gate array (FPGA) chips, with their larger memory capacity and reconfigurability potential, are opening new frontiers in rapid prototyping of embedded systems. With the advent of high-density FPGAs, it is now possible to implement a high-performance VLIW (very long instruction word) processor core in an FPGA. With VLIW architecture, the processor effectiveness depends on the ability of compilers to provide sufficient ILP (instruction-level parallelism) from program code. This paper describes research result about enabling the VLIW processor model for real-time processing applications by exploiting FPGA technology. Our goals are to keep the flexibility of processors to shorten the development cycle, and to use the powerful FPGA resources to increase real-time performance. We present a flexible VLIW VHDL processor model with a variable instruction set and a customizable architecture which allows exploiting intrinsic parallelism of a target application using advanced compiler technology and implementing it in an optimal manner on FPGA. Some common algorithms of image processing were tested and validated using the proposed development cycle. We also realized the rapid prototyping of embedded contactless palmprint extraction on an FPGA Virtex-6 based board for a biometric application and obtained a processing time of 145.6 ms per image. Our approach applies some criteria for co-design tools: flexibility, modularity, performance, and reusability.     

ActiveRDF: Embedding Semantic Web data into object-oriented languages

Semantic Web applications share a large portion of development effort with database-driven Web applications. Existing approaches for development of these database-driven applications cannot be directly applied to Semantic Web data due to differences in the underlying data model. We develop a mapping approach that embeds Semantic Web data into object-oriented languages and thereby enables reuse of existing Web application frameworks.We analyse the relation between the Semantic Web and the Web, and survey the typical data access patterns in Semantic Web applications. We discuss the mismatch between object-oriented programming languages and Semantic Web data, for example in the semantics of class membership, inheritance relations, and object conformance to schemas.We present ActiveRDF, an object-oriented API for managing RDF data that offers full manipulation and querying of RDF data, does not rely on a schema and fully conforms to RDF(S) semantics. ActiveRDF can be used with different RDF data stores: adapters have been implemented to generic SPARQL endpoints, Sesame, Jena, Redland and YARS and new adapters can be added easily. We demonstrate the usage of ActiveRDF and its integration with the popular Ruby on Rails framework which enables rapid development of Semantic Web applications.     

一种基于组件的aspect-oriented编程框架

面向方面的编程(AOP:aspect-oriented programming)是一种新的编程技术.它引进了aspect,将影响多个模块的行为封装到一个可重用模块中,允许程序员对横切(crosscutting concerns)进行模块化,从而消除了面向对象编程(OOP:object-oriented programming)引起的代码混乱和分散问题.本文讨论了在服务体模型上实现的一种aspect-oriented编程框架.这个编程框架使用aspect组件,定义了对OOP语言的扩展,可方便将模块化的aspect代码扩展到源程序中,解决了OOP模型在这方面的不足.     

An environment for the design and implementation of visual applications

In this paper we present Interactive Visual Application code Generator (IVAG), a tool for the automatic generation of the code and the documentation of software applications. It is specifically tailored to support prototyping and rapid development of visual applications, where the user interface is a relevant part of the application. IVAG is currently being experimented on a variety of case studies, in particular web-based applications.     

Rapid Prototyping in Humanitarian Aid To Manufacture Last Mile Vehicles Spare Parts: An Implementation Plan

This research examines the use of rapid prototyping technologies in the supply chain of spare parts. Spare parts are manufactured in small production lots and distributed in wide areas, eventually requiring short delivery times. The focus of this research is the use of rapid prototyping in humanitarian logistics. The demand of humanitarian aid is large, but it is very difficult to predict and also to supply. The use of rapid prototyping to produce spare parts can greatly increase the availability of scarce resources. In this paper, it is demonstrated that rapid prototyping of spare parts for last mile vehicles can help achieve a cost‐effective solution to increase vehicle availability. Also, a detailed implementation plan is developed to serve as a guideline for any organization to successfully introduce the equipment in their operations.     

Generation of Efficient Nested Loops from Polyhedra

Automatic parallelization in the polyhedral model is based on affine transformations from an original computation domain (iteration space) to a target space-time domain, often with a different transformation for each variable. Code generation is an often ignored step in this process that has a significant impact on the quality of the final code. It involves making a trade-off between code size and control code simplification/optimization. Previous methods of doing code generation are based on loop splitting, however they have nonoptimal behavior when working on parameterized programs. We present a general parameterized method for code generation based on dual representation of polyhedra. Our algorithm uses a simple recursion on the dimensions of the domains, and enables fine control over the tradeoff between code size and control overhead.     

Tice: A real-time language compilable using C++ compilers

Model-based development (MBD) holds the promise to capture potential timing problems in embedded software during the early phases of the development, securing the production of bug-free embedded software. For most MBD approaches, the source code is just an intermediate artifact that can be generated automatically from the models. This assumption clashes with an undeniable fact: a large share of the commercial embedded software exploits existing libraries or is developed using C/C++ natively. A way to reconcile the ambitions of MBD with the use of a programming language is by offering new language constructs and an innovative compilation tool-chain that prevents model error and timing problems “by construction.” However, the persistent popularity of C/C++ among embedded programmers and the limited availability of tools have severely limited the uptake of alternative programming languages for embedded software. Therefore, we propose an original route. Our language proposal, named Tice, has been shaped as a C++ active library. Tice retains full compatibility with existing C++ code, which can be integrated easily into new Tice-based projects. The enforcement of Tice syntax and semantics can be made by a standard C++ compiler, forgoing the need for new tools. In this article, we describe Tice's syntax, semantics, and model of computation and communication. We demonstrate Tice's practical applicability on an industrial scale use-case and give ample evidence for Tice's efficient compilation using off-the-shelf C++ compilers. Finally, we show Tice's code generation process.     

PRIST-2: a Graphic User Interface based tool for the development of medical software.

A 4th generation tool, called PRIST-2, is presented that has been designed as an interactive environment for the rapid prototyping of clinical applications in a large-scale Hospital Information System project. We adopted an SQL-based commercial Relational Data Base Management Systems (RDBMS) to guarantee portability on different hardware and operating systems. Relational databases, however, are characterized by a simple data structure and do not incorporate the application semantics required to ensure a high degree of data independence. To reach this goal, we propose an extension to the relational model, adding some of the main characteristics of the Object Oriented Data Base Management Systems (OODBMS) approach, such as "types" and "encapsulation".     

Architectural support for cooperative multiuser interfaces

Computer support for cooperative work requires the construction of applications that support interaction by multiple users. The highly dynamic and flexible nature of cooperative work makes the need for rapid user-interface prototyping a central concern. We have designed and developed a software architecture that provides mechanisms to support rapid multiuser-interface construction and distributed user-interface management. Rapid prototyping requires mechanisms that make the information determining interface configuration visible, accessible, and tailorable. We developed the architecture as part of a project investigating support for the cooperative work of air traffic controllers. Extensive use of prolonged ethnographic investigation helped to uncover the nature of cooperation in air traffic control. The aim of the architecture is to support an environment in which a multidisciplinary team can experiment with a wide range of alternate user-interface designs for air traffic controllers. Thus, we use examples from this domain to illustrate the architecture