轴向受压螺旋杆的平衡稳定性

在Kirchhoff动力学比拟基础上讨论端部受轴向压力作用的圆截面弹性细杆的螺旋线平衡稳定性问题．弹性杆的平衡状态由Euler角描述的弹性杆平衡方程的特解确定．从Lyapunov或Euler的不同稳定性概念出发,对弹性杆的平衡稳定性的判断可得出不同的结果．根据一次近似扰动方程判断,弹性杆的螺旋线状态和圆环状态恒满足Lyapunov稳定性条件．但螺旋杆在轴向压力到达临界值时,圆环杆在扭转数到达临界值时将产生屈曲而丧失Euler稳定性．导出临界载荷和临界扭转数的计算公式．螺旋杆的临界载荷取决于螺旋线的高度和螺旋角：螺旋角趋近于π／2时螺旋杆转化为带扭率的直杆,其临界载荷的极限值与压杆的Euler载荷一致．文中对两类不同稳定性概念的区别和联系作出解释．     

Kovalevskaya弹性杆

应用Kirchhoff比拟讨论Kovalevskaya情况弹性细杆的平衡稳定性问题．导出Kirchhoff方程的解析积分．对于杆截面的主轴与Frenet坐标轴重合的无扭转杆的特殊情形作定性分析，讨论其平衡状态的稳定性与分岔．证明了判断受拉扭作用的圆截面直杆平衡稳定性的Greenhill公式也适用于Kovalevskaya情形的非圆截面杆．     

螺旋细杆的均匀扭转振动

讨论螺旋细杆的特殊形式扭转振动，即均匀扭转振动．以非圆截面杆和有原始曲率的圆截面杆为研究对象．杆作均匀扭转振动时各截面有相同的扭角变化规律，且杆中心线的几何形状不受振动过程的影响．研究表明，扭振来源于杆截面的非对称性及杆的原始曲率．杆的扭振规律与单摆运动相似，其动力学方程存在精确解．圆环杆的均匀扭振为螺旋杆的倾角为零时的特例．     

轴向受压螺旋杆的动态稳定性与振动

基于Kirchhoff理论讨论端部受轴向压力作用的圆截面弹性螺旋杆的动态稳定性问题。以杆中心线的Frenet坐标系为参考系,建立用欧拉角描述的弹性杆动力学方程。杆的螺旋线平衡状态由方程的特解确定。基于静力学分析的结论,在动力学范畴内继续讨论轴向受压螺旋杆平衡状态的稳定性。在一次近似意义下证明了螺旋杆在空间域内的欧拉稳定性条件为时域内的Lyapunov稳定性条件。从而进一步认识Lyapunov和欧拉两种不同稳定性概念之间的相互关系。导出轴向受压螺旋杆弯扭耦合振动固有频率的近似解析表达式。     

轴盘系统扭转振动的一个新解法

本文给出了轴盘系统扭转振动的一个新解法,将轴看作是一等截面的弹性直杆,而将随轴一起振动的盘的惯性力矩看作是作用于杆上的外力矩,对有任意个盘的轴盘系统,其扭转振动的频率方程和振型函数均可分别用一个统一的解析公式表示.     

受轴向力和扭矩作用的直杆的平衡稳定性

以受轴向力和扭矩作用的具有原始扭率的两端铰支圆截面直杆为对象，讨论其平衡的Lyapunov稳定性和欧拉稳定性．在Kirchhoff方程及线性化扰动方程基础上计算其欧拉载荷．压杆的欧拉载荷为其特例．     

弹性杆盘绕折叠的力学分析

以可伸展空间结构元件的盘绕折叠过程为工程背景,分析受圆柱面单面约束的弹性直杆变形为螺旋杆,最终压缩为叠放的平面圆环的变形过程.对此空间大变形的分析不允许利用小变形假设进行简化.由于约束力的存在,也不能直接利用忽略分布力的Kirchhoff弹性杆方程.本文以表述截面姿态的欧拉角为变量,建立受圆柱面约束弹性杆平衡的非线性方程.利用方程的初积分计算杆截面的内力和力矩.忽略盘绕过程的惯性效应,将参数连续改变的螺旋线状态作为杆盘绕过程中的准平衡状态.导出为实现盘绕过程需要施加的轴向压力和扭矩随螺旋角的变化规律.根据一次近似稳定性理论分析得出:两端铰支弹性杆当相对扭率为零时不能保证螺旋线平衡的稳定性.若杆端支承允许存在相对扭转,则轴向压力和扭矩按文中确定的规律变化时可以保证盘绕过程的稳定性.     

非圆截面弹性细杆的螺旋线平衡及稳定性

本文研究端部受力和力矩作用，且存在初曲率和初扭率的非圆截面弹性细杆的螺旋线平衡及其稳定性。描述弹性细杆平衡状态的Kirchhoff方程存在与杆的螺旋线平衡状态相对应的特解。直杆和圆环杆为螺旋线状态的两种特例。文中分析了螺旋线的几何特性与作用力和力矩之间的相互关系，并导出螺旋线平衡的一次近似解析形式稳定性判据。分析表明，松弛状态下弹性杆可处于螺旋线状态，直杆只有在轴向压力的作用下才能保持螺旋线平衡。无初曲率和初扭率弹性杆的螺旋线平衡稳定性必要条件是杆截面绕副法线轴的抗弯刚度大于或等于绕法线轴的抗弯刚度。此条件也适用于带初扭率的圆环杆及更普遍情形。无初曲率和初扭率的圆截面杆的螺旋线平衡恒稳定。     

受圆柱面约束弹性杆的平衡与稳定性

讨论受圆柱面约束的圆截面弹性杆的平衡与稳定性。以描述截面姿态的欧拉角为变量,建立受约束弹性杆的平衡方程。利用方程的初积分导出约束力、截面内力及挠性线的解析表达式。作为特殊的平衡状态,讨论杆的螺旋线平衡的存在条件。用相平面法分析螺旋线平衡的稳定性,导出解析形式的稳定性条件。     

非均质变截面弹性直杆纵向自由振动的渐近解法

本文研究弹性模量、横截面积和单位杆长质量均按指数规律变化的非均质变截面弹性直杆的纵向自由振动问题,提出了一种既能保证一定精度,计算又很简单的非均质变截面弹性直杆纵向自振频率及振型的渐近解法,导出了“1”级近似解的具体计算公式,最后给出了两个算例,并与精确解进行了比较。     

Stability and vibration of a helical rod constrained by a cylinder

The stability and vibration of an elastic rod with a circular cross section under the constraint of a cylinder is discussed. The differential equations of dynamics of the constrained rod are established with Euler’s angles as variables describing the attitude of the cross section. The existence conditions of helical equilibrium under constraint are discussed as a special configuration of the rod. The stability of the helical equilibrium is discussed in the realms of statics and dynamics, respectively. Necessary conditions for the stability of helical rod are derived in space domain and time domain, and the difference and relationship between Lyapunov’s and Euler’s stability concepts are discussed. The free frequency of flexural vibration of the helical rod with cylinder constraint is obtained in analytical form. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10472067). The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.     

Non-Local Periodic Motions of a Thin Cantilevered Rod

In this work we consider the existence of unforced periodic motionsfor a thin cantilevered elastic rod. In particular, largeamplitude motions that combine bending and twisting of the rodare studied. We use a lumped mass model consisting of a cantilevered planar rod whose base is attached to a torsional spring. The stability of the torsional vibration is studied and then the existence of a oneparameter family of large amplitude periodic motions is demonstrated.     

Flexural–torsional buckling of misaligned axially moving beams. I. Three-dimensional modeling,equilibria, and bifurcations

The equations of motion for the flexural–flexural–torsional–extensional dynamics of a beam are generalized to the field of axially moving continua by including the effects of translation speed and initial tension. The governing equations are simplified on the basis of physically justifiable assumptions and are shown to reduce to simpler models published in the literature. The resulting nonlinear equations of motion are used to investigate the flexural–torsional buckling of translating continua such as belts and tapes caused by parallel pulley misalignment.The effect of pulley misalignment on the steady motion (equilibrium) solutions and the bifurcation characteristics of the system are investigated numerically. The system undergoes multiple pitchfork bifurcations as misalignment is increased, with out-of-plane equilibria born at each bifurcation. The amount of misalignment to cause buckling and the post-buckled shapes are determined for various translation speeds and ratios of the flexural stiffnesses in the two bending planes. Increasing translation speed decreases the misalignment necessary to cause flexural–torsional buckling. In Part II of the present work, the stability and vibration characteristics of the planar and non-planar equilibria are analyzed.     

Stability analysis of helical rod based on exact Cosserat model

Helical equilibrium of a thin elastic rod has practical backgrounds, such as DNA, fiber, sub-ocean cable, and oil-well drill string. Kirchhoff's kinetic analogy is an effective approach to the stability analysis of equilibrium of a thin elastic rod. The main hypotheses of Kirchhoff's theory without the extension of the centerline and the shear deformation of the cross section are not adoptable to real soft materials of biological fibers. In this paper, the dynamic equations of a rod with a circular cross section are established on the basis of the exact Cosserat model by considering the tension and the shear deformations. Euler's angles are applied as the attitude representation of the cross section. The deviation of the normal axis of the cross section from the tangent of the centerline is considered as the result of the shear deformation. Lyapunov's stability of the helical equilibrium is discussed in static category. Euler's critical values of axial force and torque are obtained. Lyapunov's and Euler's stability conditions in the space domain are the necessary conditions of Lyapunov's stability of the helical rod in the time domain.     

Shear deformable bars of doubly symmetrical cross section under nonlinear nonuniform torsional vibrations—application to torsional postbuckling configurations and primary resonance excitations

In this paper a boundary element method is developed for the nonuniform torsional vibration problem of bars of arbitrary doubly symmetric constant cross section, taking into account the effects of geometrical nonlinearity (finite displacement—small strain theory) and secondary twisting moment deformation. The bar is subjected to arbitrarily distributed or concentrated conservative dynamic twisting and warping moments along its length, while its edges are subjected to the most general axial and torsional (twisting and warping) boundary conditions. The resulting coupling effect between twisting and axial displacement components is also considered and a constant along the bar compressive axial load is induced so as to investigate the dynamic response at the (torsional) postbuckled state. The bar is assumed to be adequately laterally supported so that it does not exhibit any flexural or flexural–torsional behavior. A coupled nonlinear initial boundary value problem with respect to the variable along the bar angle of twist and to an independent warping parameter is formulated. The resulting equations are further combined to yield a single partial differential equation with respect to the angle of twist. The problem is numerically solved employing the Analog Equation Method (AEM), a BEM based method, leading to a system of nonlinear Differential–Algebraic Equations (DAE). The main purpose of the present contribution is twofold: (i) comparison of both the governing differential equations and the numerical results of linear or nonlinear free or forced vibrations of bars ignoring or taking into account the secondary twisting moment deformation effect (STMDE) and (ii) numerical investigation of linear or nonlinear free vibrations of bars at torsional postbuckling configurations. Numerical results are worked out to illustrate the method, demonstrate its efficiency and wherever possible its accuracy.

     

转子扭转-纵向耦合振动分析

针对某转子的模型,分析了扭转-纵向耦合振动.计算结果表明:设置转子预应力与旋转时的离心力相对应,其扭转振动频率将随预应力的增大而增大.转子纵向振动频率不受该预应力的影响,这是因为转子旋转时预应力的方向与轴线垂直.随着转子旋转时预应力的变化,扭转振动频率接近纵向振动频率,出现扭转-纵向耦合振动.