高血压脑病CT和MRI特征

目的探讨头部电子计算机断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像(MRI)对高血压脑病的诊断价值。方法分析10例经临床确诊为高血压脑病患者的头部CT和MRI表现特征,分析其头颅CT表现及MRI中FLAIR、DWI、ADC值变化。结果3例患者头颅CT发现异常,10例患者头颅MRI发现异常,病变主要呈T1稍低、T2稍高信号、FLAIR较高信号,DWI病变呈等及稍高信号,ADC值升高,病变主要以双侧顶枕叶、小脑半球及脑干多见。结论本病的头部影像学改变为血管性水肿所致,常累及双侧顶枕叶、小脑半球等后循环系统皮质下白质,特别是MRI中FLAIR、DWI、ADC等有助于高血压脑病的诊断和鉴别诊断,预后及疗效观察等方面有重要意义。     

围产期脑后部可逆性脑病综合征的MRI诊断及预后评估价值

目的 探讨围产期脑后部可逆性脑病综合征(PRES)的MRI诊断及预后评估价值. 方法 回顾性分析本院13例围产期脑后部可逆性脑病综合征的临床和MRI资料,并进行随访追踪.13例病例均行T1WI、T2WI、FLAIR序列及扩散加权成像(DWI),其中7例行增强MRI,5例行MR静脉成像(MRV). 结果 全部病例均急性起病,均有血压骤然升高病史.MRI表现为双侧对称性以大脑后部皮质下白质为主的病变,包括颞叶、额叶、基底节、小脑、脑干等亦可受累,T1WI呈等或低信号,T2WI呈高信号,FLAIR呈高信号,DWI呈等信号8例,稍高信号4例,ADC图呈稍高信号,有1例DWI呈高信号,ADC图呈略低信号.治疗后随访MRI显示DWI呈等或稍高信号、ADC图呈稍高信号者预后良好,DWI呈高信号、ADC图呈略低信号者预后欠佳. 结论 围产期PRES具有特征性的MRI表现, 病变为血管源性水肿,治疗及时可逆转.MRI应作为本病的首选检查方法,DWI对预后评估具有重要价值.     

子痫性脑病的CT和MRI特征

目的 探讨头部电子计算机断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像(MRI)对子痫性脑病的诊断价值.方法 分析8例经临床确诊为子痫性脑病患者的头部CT和MRI表现特征,分析其头颅CT表现及MRI中FLAIR、DWI、ADC值变化.结果 5例患者头颅CT发现异常,以顶枕叶皮质或皮质下白质内基本对称性斑片状低密度影为主;8例患者头颅MRI发现异常,病变主要呈T1稍低、T2稍高信号、FLAIR较高信号,DWI病变呈等及稍高信号,ADC值升高,病变主要以双侧顶枕叶、小脑半球及脑干多见,且为可逆性改变.结论 本病头部可逆性的影像学改变为血管性水肿所致,常累及双侧顶枕叶、小脑半球等后循环系统皮质下白质,特别是CT显示后循环对称性低密度灶,MRI中FLAIR、DWI、ADC等有助于子痫性脑病的早期诊断和鉴别诊断,预后及疗效观察等方面有重要意义.     

磁共振平扫及DWI序列对成人低血糖脑病诊断价值研究

目的：探讨MRI平扫及DWI对低血糖脑病患者的临床诊断价值。方法：选取2013年6月~2015年6月间30例低血糖脑病患者为观察组,30例健康志愿者为对照组,均接受颅脑MRI平扫及DWI成像。分析低血糖脑病患者脑部病变特征,比较胼胝体压部及基底节区ADC值的差异。结果：病变部位以双侧额顶枕叶皮层及皮层下病变所占比例最高,呈T1WI略低信号,T2WI略高信号,T2 FLAIR高信号,DWI等或高信号。治疗前,低血糖脑病患者胼胝体压部及基底节区ADC值显著低于正常对照组,治疗后,低血糖脑病患者胼胝体压部及基底节区ADC值显著升高,与治疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义,与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义。结论：低血糖脑病患者颅脑MRI具有一定的特征性,病变以双侧额顶枕叶多发,具有明显的信号改变。病变部位ADC值的测量有助于患者病情的量化评估。     

可逆性后部脑病综合征的MRI表现

目的：分析可逆性后部脑病综合征的常规核磁共振成像(MRI)及磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)的影像表现特征。方法收集11例患者的临床资料及MRI检查影像资料,结合临床症状及病史对其MRI影像表现进行分析。结果 MRI检查病灶表现为T 1WI像上呈稍低、等信号,T 2WI像上呈高、稍高信号,液体衰减反转恢复(FLAIR)像上呈明显高信号,DWI像上（b值1000）呈等信号,表观扩散系数(ADC)图上未见扩散受限征象。病灶主要位于大脑半球皮层及皮层下区、小脑半球;以顶枕叶最多见,部分病灶分布较对称。11例均临床治愈出院。结论可逆性后部脑病综合征MRI表现具有特征性,FLAIR序列显示病灶尤为明显,结合DWI检查及临床特征及病史,可正确诊断。     

MRI对后循环可逆性脑病综合征的诊断价值

目的 分析后循环可逆性脑病综合征的MRI征象,以提高对该病的认识.方法 对临床诊治的16例后循环可逆性脑病综合征的MRI资料进行回顾性分析,全部患者均行常规MRI平扫和DWI检查.结果 病变部位位于枕叶16例,顶叶12例,额叶3例,颞叶2例,脑干2例,丘脑2例,T1WI呈稍低信号,T2WI呈稍高信号,T2WI-FLAIR像呈高信号,DWI呈高信号4例,低信号5例,等信号7例,对应的ADC图呈低、高、等信号.结论 后循环可逆性脑病综合征的影像学表现具有特征性,MRI对早期明确诊断有重要价值。     

MRI对可逆性后部脑病综合征的诊断价值

目的探讨可逆性后部脑病综合征MRI影像特点及其鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析1例经临床随访证实的可逆性脑后部脑病综合征患者的临床和MRI资料,并作文献复习。患者自发病后分别进行两次MRI平扫及1次MRI增强扫描。结果患者首次MRI检查示两额、顶枕皮层肿胀呈稍长T1及稍长T2信号,DW1呈稍高信号改变,ADC值正常,临近皮层下的白质、两小脑半球均出现对称性斑片状长T1及长T2信号,DWI上呈稍低信号改变,ADC值高于正常脑白质。经过1周对症治疗,临床症状基本消失,查头颅MRI平扫及增强扫描,原有病灶明显缩小,部分消失,注药后未见异常强化影,DWI未见异常高信号改变。结论可逆性脑后部脑病综合征是一种预后良好的疾病,结合病史及MRI特征可以早期诊断。     

慢性酒精中毒性脑病的MRI诊断价值

目的评估慢性酒精中毒性脑病的MRI诊断价值。方法收集24例经临床诊断的慢性酒精中毒性脑病患者,行MRI T1WI、T2WI、FLAIR和DWI检查,分析其MRI表现。结果 MRI可在患者双侧脑室周围、胼胝体及脑干等白质区发现异常信号,主要表现为T1WI低信号,T2WI和FLAIR高信号,DWI序列略高信号,ADC图略低或等信号;全部病例均有不同程度脑萎缩。结论 MRI能清楚显示慢性酒精中毒性脑病患者的病变范围、程度,是较可靠的影像学检查方法。     

磁共振DWI成像结合血清肿瘤标志物检测在胰腺癌诊断中的价值及相关性分析

目的:探讨高场磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)结合血清肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA125及CEA检测对胰腺癌的诊断价值及两者的相关性。方法:收集经手术病理证实的胰腺癌患者35例,均行常规MRI、DWI检查(b值=0,600s/mm2),血清肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA125及CEA检查,对检查结果进行相关分析。结果:胰腺癌患者在常规MRI检查中病灶呈稍长T1稍长T2信号影,DWI中均呈现为高信号影,ADC图呈低信号影,平均ADC值为(1.70±0.49)×10-3 mm2/s,正确诊断31例,血清肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA125及CEA联合检测正确诊断31例,进一步联合常规MRI、DWI检查正确诊断33例,较单纯MRI、DWI检查比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CA19-9、CEA数值与ADC值呈负相关,两组间比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),CA125与ADC值呈负相关,两组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:常规MRI检查、DWI可清晰显示胰腺癌病灶,联合血清肿瘤标志物可进一步提高病变诊断率,对分期、随访具有重要参考价值。     

不典型脑后部可逆性脑病综合征临床及MRI特点分析

目的探讨不典型脑后部可逆性脑病综合征(PRES)的临床表现及MRI特点。方法收集我院5例确诊为不典型PRES患者的临床资料,分析其临床及MRI图像特点。结果 5例不典型PRES患者有男性1例,女性4例,其相关病因为:原发性高血压(1例)、剖宫产术后高血压(3例)以及肾功能不全高血压(1例)。发病时患者的收缩压高值平均为188mm Hg,临床症状主要为头痛。患者恢复时间为2-14d。头颅MRI:病变主要发生于额叶(1例),脑干(3例),基底节区(1例),3例伴其他部位病灶,其中仅1例伴右侧顶枕叶病灶。T1WI病变区呈等或略低信号;FLAIR及T2WI病变区呈高信号;大部分(4例)DWI病变区呈等或低信号,ADC呈高信号,小部分(1例)DWI病变区呈高信号,ADC呈等信号。患者于治疗后2-4周复查MRI,病变区均有不同程度的缩小或消失。结论不典型PRES临床表现亦不典型,但是结合MRI表现还是有其特征性,影像诊断医生应当提高对其认识,尤其是对有相关基础疾病的患者,临床症状与MRI表现明显不符,需要考虑本病的可能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.