钐掺杂对锰锌铁氧体微波电磁性能的影响

采用同相法合成了钐掺杂的锰锌铁氧体Mn0.3Zn0.7Fe2-xSmxO4,(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.04,0.06),通过XRD对合成粉末进行了晶体结构的分析,结果表明:当x≤0.02时,制得的粉体为相对较纯的尖品石型铁氧体.稀土掺杂锰锌铁氧体的晶格常数随着掺钐量的增加先增大后减少.使用Agilent8722ET网络分析仪在2～18 GHz的频率范围内对其微波电磁特性进行测试,结果显示,当掺钐量为0.02时,在9～18 GHz的频率范围内电磁参数ε'和ε"稍有增加,ε"最大值出现的位置移向低频.μ"和μ'峰值均大大增加,最大值分别达到6.2和5.5,该掺钐晕下微波电磁性能最佳.利用微波电磁理论分析了电磁参数的变化机制.     

CoSm_xFe_(2-x)O_4铁氧体纳米粉晶的制备及其电磁性能

用W/O微乳液法制备了CoSmxFe2-xO4(x=0.00,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08,0.10)铁氧体纳米粉晶。用X射线衍射仪(XRD),透射电子显微镜(TEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和阻抗/材料分析仪表征了样品的结构、形貌和电磁性能。结果表明,掺杂少量Sm3+对样品的晶体结构没有影响,但其晶粒尺寸、饱和磁化强度、矫顽力和电磁损耗性能等都有不同程度的改变。样品的晶粒尺寸随Sm3+含量的增加而减小,在35~20 nm之间变化;而饱和磁化强度随着钐掺杂量的增加呈先减小后增大的变化趋势(x=0.00→0.04→0.08,Ms=52.95→51.03→52.56emu.g-1);当钐掺杂量x分别等于0.6和0.4时,其磁损耗性能和电损耗性能在1 MHz~1 GHz的频率范围达到最大,且低频区优于高频区。     

白光用红色荧光粉Gd2SrAl2O7:Eu3+的合成及发光性能研究

用传统的固态反应法合成了新型红色Eu3+掺杂的Gd2SrAl2O7红色荧光粉。通过添加Li2CO3助熔剂,有效地降低了反应温度,获得了纯Gd2SrAl2O7相。用X射线衍射仪分析确认了产物为Gd2SrAl2O7晶相,并用光谱仪测试了光谱性能,发现当Eu3+掺杂浓度为30%时,荧光粉在623 nm处有最强发光,是Y2O3:Eu3+的两倍。(Gd0.7Eu0.3)2SrAl2O7(x=0.650,y=0.349)色度值与美国国家电视标准委员会标准值(x=0.670,y=0.330)接近。     

X射线荧光光谱法同时测定锰锌铁氧体材料的主量组分

用熔融制样法将样品在铂金坩埚中与四硼酸锂熔融,熔体倒入铂金专用模具中成型为玻璃态块样。用X射线荧光光谱法测定锰锌铁氧体样品中氧化铁、四氧化三锰及氧化锌含量。经试验求得熔融时样品和无水四硼酸锂熔剂的最佳质量比为1比17.5。采用基体参数法和理论α系数法对基体效应及谱线重叠的干扰予以校正。此法用于锰锌铁氧体材料分析,3种组分的日间和日内相对标准偏差(n=7)分别小于3.5%和4.0%;用于标准样品的分析,3种组分的测定值与标准值之间的绝对误差在-0.15%~0.02%之间。     

Ba0.98Bi0.02(Ti0.9Zr0.1)1-xCuxO3陶瓷的介电性能、弛豫行为与结晶化学特性

采用固相合成法,Bi3+作施主掺杂A位,Cu2+作受主掺杂B位,制备了Ba0.98Bi0.02(Ti0.9Zr0.1)1-xCuxO3(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03)陶瓷样品。借助XRD、LCR等研究了该陶瓷的结构与介电性能。结果表明:当x=0.03时,陶瓷样品出现第二相。通过GULP模拟,缺陷偶极子的稳定性从低到高依次为:[2BiBa.+VBa″]、[2BiBa.+CuTi/Zr″]、[CuTi/Zr″+VO..],结合实验可知:介电弛豫程度与晶体中缺陷偶极子的存在形式相关,其中x=0.01时,晶体中以[2BiBa.+CuTi/Zr″]为主。随Cu2+掺杂量的增加,介电常数增加,介电常数与B位键价和呈反比变化、与八面体BO6的体积呈正比变化。     

白光LED用(Y_xGd_(1-x))(P,W)O_4:Eu红色荧光粉的发光性能研究

采用高温固相方法合成了(YxGd1-x)(P0.5W0.5)O4:Eu0.15粉末状发光材料,经X衍射分析结构发现,当Y3+/Gd3+≤3∶7时,样品主要由Gd2WO6相和Gd PO4相组成,当Y3+/Gd3+接近或等于1∶1时,合成的样品由Gd2WO6相、Gd PO4相和Gd0.5Y0.5PO4相三相组成,当Y3+/Gd3+≥7∶3时,合成的样品由Gd2WO6相与Gd0.5Y0.5PO4相组成。研究了样品在蓝光激发下的光谱性质,讨论了Y3+/Gd3+的掺杂对材料发光性能的影响,发现当Y3+/Gd3+=7∶3时,样品发光强度最高。在蓝光激发下,样品的发射光谱主峰在611.5 nm,对应于Eu3+的5D0→7F2电偶极跃迁。在添加助熔剂试验中发现,粉体中加入NH4NO3做助熔剂效果最好,其最佳掺入浓度为3%(质量分数)。     

稀土亚磷酸盐GdxTb2-x（HPO3）3（H2O）2（0≤x≤2）的微波合成、表征与性质研究

利用微波辅助合成法,成功地合成出一系列新颖的稀土亚磷酸盐GdxTb2-x(HPO3)3(H2O)2(0≤x≤2).X-射线粉末衍射分析结果表明,它们为同构的化合物.对Gd2(HPO3)3(H2O)2进行X-射线单晶衍射分析得出,该化合物结晶于P21/c空间群,晶胞参数为a=6.9124(6),b=12.8891(12),c=12.3692(11),β=100.1520(10)°.Gd2(HPO3)3(H2O)2是由GdO7多面体,GdO8多面体和[HPO3]假四面体通过共用氧原子相互连接而成的三维骨架.Gd2(HPO3)3(H2O)2和Tb2(HPO3)3(H2O)2的荧光光谱分别显示Gd3+和Tb3+的特征发光.Gd/Tb掺杂的样品中存在Gd3+-Tb3+的能量传递,它们的发光显示Tb3+的绿光发射(5D4→7F3-6),并且5D4→7F3跃迁的强度随着Tb3+掺杂量的增大而增强,这表明Gd2(HPO3)3(H2O)2引入不同浓度的发光中心Tb3+之后可以作为绿光发光材料.磁性研究表明,Gd2(HPO3)3(H2O)2中存在极弱的反铁磁相互作用.     

纳米荧光粉Eu_(0.12)Y_(1.88-x)Mg_xO_(3-δ)的光致发光特性

使用超声波作用下的均匀沉淀法,制备了掺杂Mg2+的纳米荧光粉Y2O3:Eu3+.考察了不同Mg2+掺杂含量下Eu0.12Y1.88-xMgxO3-δ(x=0～0.18,δ代表氧空位)的晶格常数变化,研究了掺杂含量对样品发射光谱及激发光谱的影响.结果表明,Eu0.12Y1.88-xMgxO3-δ的晶格常数在1.0604～1.062 3 nm之间,晶粒尺寸在25.9～40.7 nm之间.掺杂Mg2+后,当x=0.14时,样品Eu0.12Y1.74Mg0.14O3-δ的激发光谱中电荷迁移带(CTS)最大峰强度最高且色纯度最好.     

Gd_xTm_(2-x)W_3O_(12)(x=0.5,1,1.5)的制备和负热膨胀性的研究

在Gd_xTm_(2-x)W_3O_(12)(x=0.5,1和1.5)系列固溶体中,当Gd的含量较低(x=0.5)时,其室温稳定相为正交相;当Gd的含量较高(x=1,1.5)时,其室温稳定相为单斜相,但在高温时转变为正交相。采用高温淬火的方法,使Gd_xTm_(2-x)W_3O_(12)(x=1,1.5)高温时的正交相保留至室温。通过TG-DSC和高温XRD研究了其吸水、相变和热膨胀性,结果表明:当x=0.5时,Gd0.5Tm1.5W_3O_(12)的吸水性较弱,而当x=1和1.5时,其吸水性增强;Gd_xTm_(2-x)W_3O_(12)(x=1,1.5)在500℃以下,其正交相是稳定的;Gd_xTm_(2-x)W_3O_(12)在200~500℃的区间均具有较大的负热膨胀性,并且其负热胀系数随着Gd的含量增加而增大。     

镨和镱掺杂Ba2 SiO4:Eu2+荧光材料的合成与发光性能

采用高温固相反应法分别合成了变价稀土镨和镱离子掺杂的绿色荧光粉[Ba(2-n-1.5x)REx]SiO4:nEu2+ (n=0.03, RE=Pr, Yb;x=0, 0.02,0.05,0.10).结果表明: 所有合成荧光粉的激发峰均为250～400 nm的宽峰, 与近紫外LED的发射光波长相匹配.发射峰位于450～550 nm之间, 是Eu2+的5d-4f跃迁的典型发射.Pr3+和Yb3+的掺入并未改变Ba2SiO4:Eu2+的相组成, 但对荧光强度的影响大, 且与掺杂元素、掺杂量和煅烧温度相关.当掺杂Pr3+和Yb3+的量为x=0.02时, 经1150 ℃煅烧所得荧光粉的发光强度分别是未掺杂时的595%和168%.证明三价稀土离子掺杂可以导致基质中的电荷缺陷而敏化Eu2+离子的发光, 而变价稀土离子的掺杂可以大大提高电荷缺陷, 导致荧光强度的进一步提高.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.