Study on the Performance of the nonlinear Joint Transform Correlator

l.IntroductionJointtransformcorrelation[1]hasbeeninvestigatedwidelyinrecentyears[2~4]be-causeitsreferenceimagesandobjectimagescanbeuPdatedinreal-time[5J.Nonlinearjointtransformcorre1ationtheoretica1ana1ysis[']showsthatcomparedwiththelinearjointtransformcorrelation,non1inearjointtransformcorrelationcanproducemorehighautcacorre1ationPeakintensity,andthelargerPeaktosideloberatiothataregoodforelectronicdevicestodetectandana]yze.Onthebasisofthemodu1ationprincipleana1ysisoftheliq-uidcrysta11ightva…     

Study on the delamination of tungsten thin films on Sb2Te3

To investigate the reliability of electrode materials for chalcogenide random access memory （C-RAM） applications, the geometry and time evolution of the worm-like delamination patterns on a tungsten/Sb2Te3 bilayer system surface are observed by field emission scanning electronic microscope （FESEM） and optical microscopy. The tungsten film stress and interface toughness are estimated using a straight-side model. After confirming the instability of this system being due to large compressive stress stored in the tungsten film and relative poor interface adhesion, a preliminary solution as the inset of a TiN adhesion layer is presented to improve the system performances.     

Effect of High Temperature—Pressure on Buried Silicon Dioxide in Simox and Soi Structures

The effect of annealing at 1520–1570 K under high pressure (HP, up to 1.2GPa) on the structure of SiO₂ in oxygen implanted silicon (Si:O) and in silicon with buried SiO₂ layer (SOI) was investigated by TEM, X-Ray and FTIR methods. Depending on the implantation and treatment parameters, SiO₂ precipitates or continuous SiO₂ layers, sometimes with defects at the SiO₂/Si boundary, are created. A stress dependent shift of asymmetric stretching vibration mode associated with Si-O bonds towards lower frequencies is detected for SiO₂ in the HT—HP treated Si:O and SOI samples.     

Effect of Temperature and Comonomer Content on Thermal Behavior and Crystallization Property of the Propylene–Ethylene Random Copolymers

The effects of ethylene units content and crystallization temperature on the conformations, and the thermal and crystallization behavior were investigated by a combination of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The characterization of FTIR spectroscopy proves that the longer helical conformation sequences of the propylene–ethylene random (PER) samples decrease, whereas the shorter helical conformation sequences increase with the increase in ethylene units content. The increase of the shorter helical conformation sequences is favorable for the formation of the γ-phase in the crystals. A group of broad endothermic peaks can be seen clearly in the DSC curves of PER copolymers, which may be associated with the melting of mixtures of the α- and γ-forms in the crystals. The melting point, crystallization temperature, and crystallinity degree of the PER copolymers decrease with the increase in ethylene units contents. Three typical melting peaks of the PER copolymers crystallized isothermally between 80°C and 130°C were observed. The two higher melting peaks result from melting of the α- and γ-phase in the crystals, whereas the materials crystallized on quenching give the lowest peak. The WAXD results confirm that the PER copolymers crystallize from the melt, as mixtures of α and γ forms, in a wide temperature range. The critical number ζ_lim of the crystallizable units for the α-form increases with the increase in crystallization temperature for PER copolymers, which is favorable for the formation of the γ phases. The amount of γ-form increases with the increase in crystallization temperature at the expense of its α component, then reaches a maximum value at the crystallization temperature of 115°C, and finally decreases with further increase in the crystallization temperature.     

Effect of composition and light intensity on the electrical properties of Sn–Sb–Se glassy films

Electrical and photoelectrical measurements have been performed on Sn_xSb₂₀Se_70-x (8≤x≤16) glassy films. The dc activation energy, optical gap and photoconduction parameters show a typical variation near x=10 composition indicating the occurrence of a rigidity percolation threshold in the present system. The photosensitivity increases with the increase in Sn content up to x=14 and an abrupt decrease for x=16 composition. Negative photoconductivity region have been observed in the higher temperature side for samples with x=10 and 16. This system belongs to the type II category of photoconductors. The results are explained on the basis of a change in the density of localized states present in the mobility gap with the change in the composition. PACS 71.20.Nr; 72.20.-I; 78.66.Jg; 81.05.Gc; 73.50.Pz     

Effect of the Coadsorption of CO and O2 on the Phase Diagram of the Ziff—Gulari—Barshad Model

The effect of the coadsorption of CO and O2 on the Ziff-Gulari-Barshad surface catalytic reaction system in studied by Monte Carlo simulation.The coadsorption of both species adds an extra reaction step to the classical Ziff-Gulari-Barshad model.It is shown that the second-order phase transition from the reactive state to the O-passivated state in the Ziff-Gulari-Barshad model is eliminated,and the production rate of CO2 increases linearly along the fraction yco of CO in gas phase when it is low,in agreement with experimental results.We also find that the increase of the probability of the coadsorption leads to the decrease of the critical value of yco of the discontinuous phase transition to the CO-passivated state.     

Effect of the Sintering Temperature on the Formation of Ferroelectric Properties of a Lead Zirconate–Titanate Ceramic

Effect of the sintering temperature on the formation of the microstructure, the domain structure, and the ferroelectric properties of a lead zirconate–titanate Pb(Ti _x Zr_{1 – x})O₃ piezoelectric ceramics has been studied. It is shown that the ferroelectric phase forms at a sintering temperature of 860°C. At higher sintering temperatures, the main effect on the properties is due to a unit cell deformation and free charge carriers.     

Effect of Regrown Graphite on the Growth of Large Gem Diamonds by Temperature Gradient Method

Generally, when growing high-quality large gem diamond crystals by temperature gradient method under high pressure and high temperature, the crystal growth rate is only determined by the temperature gradient. However, we find that the seed crystal cannot completely absorb all the diffused carbon sources, when growing gem diamonds under a higher temperature gradient. Other influence factors appear, and the growth rate of growing diamonds is partly dependent on the crystalline form of superfluous unabsorbed carbon source, flaky regrown graphite or small diamond crystals nucleated spontaneously. The present form is determined by the growth temperature if the pressure is fixed. Different from spontaneous diamond nuclei, the appearance of regrown graphite in the diamondstable region can retard the growth rate of gem diamonds substantially, even if the temperature gradient keeps unchanged. On the other hand, the formation mechanism of metastable regrown graphite in the diamond-stable region is also explained.     

Lorentz Invariance at Finite Temperature and Its Effect on Production Rate and Equation of State

The effect of Lorentz invariance breaking on the production rate and the equation of state at finite temperature is investigated in the frame of φ^3 theory. The invariance breaking significantly changes the off-shell degree at high temperatures.     

Growing Networks Based on the Mechanism of Addition and Deletion

We divide various fat-tailed degree distributions of real-world networks into five classes based on careful examination of experimental data. By taking account of the mechanism of addition and deletion of nodes in the growing network model with and without preferential attachment respectively, we obtain a11 the five classes of degree distributions, which is believed to shed some light on the dynamics of formation of complex network systems.     

Study of reflection and transmission on the moving interface of medium

The laws of refection and transimission on a moving interface between two nonvacuum medium are studied and the new method, which can be used for handling reflection and transimission on the moving interfaces between the vacuum-nonvacuum media and between two nonvacuum medium is suggested. The formula of reflection and transmission coefficients that suitable for both cases are derived. The present paper not only enriches electrodynamical theory, but also laies the foundation of optical waveguide modulators and other similar device.     

Effect of temperature on the evolution of bright and dark screening—photovoltaic spatial solitons

We investigate theoretically the temperature effects on the evolution of both bright and dark screening-photovoltaic optical spatial solitons in biased photovoltaic-photocefractive crystals in the case of neglecting the diffusion process.For a stable bright or dark screening-photovoltaic soliton originally formed in a crystal at a given temperature,when the crystal temperature changes,it will evolve into another stable screening-photovoltaic soliton if the change is quite small,whereas it will become unstable or break down if the temperature change is large enough.The spatial shape of a stable screening-photovoltaic soliton can be reshaped by appropriately adjusting the crystal temperature.     

Effect of Temperature on Structural and Magnetic Properties of Laser Ablated Iron Oxide Deposited on Si（100）

We fabricate Fe3O4 thin films on Si（100） substrates at different temperatures using pulsed laser deposition, and study the effect of annealing and deposition temperature on the structural and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 thin films. Subsequently, the films are characterized by x-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and vibrating sample magnetometery （VSM）. The XRD results of these films confirm the presence of the Fe3O4 phase and show room-temperature ferromagnetism, as observed with VSM. We demonstrate the optimized deposition and annealing conditions for an enhanced magnetization of 854 emu/cm3 that is very high when compared to the bulk sample.     

Effect of the codoping of N—H—O on the growth characteristics and defects of diamonds under high temperature and high pressure

Diamond crystals were synthesized with different doping proportions of N—H—O at 5.5 GPa—7.1 GPa and 1370 °C—1450 °C. With the increase in the N—H—O doping ratio, the crystal growth rate decreased, the temperature and pressure conditions required for diamond nucleation became increasingly stringent, and the diamond crystallization process was affected. [111] became the dominant plane of diamonds; surface morphology became block-like; and growth texture, stacking faults, and etch pits increased. The diamond crystals had a two-dimensional growth habit. Increasing the doping concentration also increased the amount of N that entered the diamond crystals as confirmed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. However, crystal quality gradually deteriorated as verified by the red-shifting of Raman peak positions and the widening of the Raman full width at half maximum. With the increase in the doping ratio, the photoluminescence property of the diamond crystals also drastically changed. The intensity of the N vacancy center of the diamond crystals changed, and several Ni-related defect centers, such as the NE1 and NE3 centers, appeared. Diamond synthesis in N—H—O-bearing fluid provides important information for deepening our understanding of the growth characteristics of diamonds in complex systems and the formation mechanism of natural diamonds, which are almost always N-rich and full of various defect centers. Meanwhile, this study proved that the type of defect centers in diamond crystals could be regulated by controlling the N—H—O impurity contents of the synthesis system.     

Systematic Study on the Superdeformed Bands of Double Odd Nuclei in A～130 Region

Properties of the superdeformed bands of odd-odd nuclei in A ～ 130 mass region are investigatedsystematically within the supersymmetry scheme including many-body interactions and a perturbation possessing theSO(5) (or SU(5)) symmetry on the rotational symmetry. The obtained γ-ray energies, the dynamical moments ofinertia, and energy differences △Eγ - △Erefγ ef agree with experimental data. It shows that this approach is quite powerfulin describing odd-odd nuclei in 130 mass region.     

Numerical Modelling of Velocity and Temperature Distributions of the Buoyancy Convection Effect in KNbO3 Melt

Numerical Modelling of velocity and temperature fields in high-temperature KNbO3 melt of a loop-shaped Pt wire heater is carried out by using the commercial computational code ANSYS for the mathematical solution of the governing equations.Based on the experimental boundary conditions and the Boussinesq approximation,the numerical modelling of a steady and two-dimensional model is applied to study the process under consideration of the buoyancy-driven convection condition.The result is compared with the previous experimental and theoretical data obtained in our laboratory,and the former is in agreement with the latter.Thus a theoretical guide for reasonable growth conditions is provided by studying in depth the real fluid flow effects in the crystal growth from the melt.