Schwinger variational calculation of ionization of hydrogen atoms for large momentum transfers

Schwinger variational principle is used here to study large momentum transfer cases of electron and positron impact ionization of atomic hydrogen from the ground state at intermediate and moderately high energies. The results appear somewhat better compared to other theories.     

Symmetric scattering in electron and positron impact ionization of metastable 2s-state hydrogen atoms

Triple differential cross sections for ionization of hydrogen atoms in the metastable 2s-state by the impact of electrons and positrons have been calculated for coplanar symmetric geometry. In this calculation a multiple scattering theory due to Das [10] and Das and Seal [11] has been used. An analysis of the results reveals that unlike scattering from the ground state, scattering from 2s-state is essentially a higher order process except for the binary collision direction. Moreover, here, the cross section results for 2s-state are much larger compared to those for scattering from the ground state. It is also found that the ionization mechanism at large scattering angles for ionization from the 2s-state is different from that for ionization from the ground state.     

快电子碰撞碳原子K-壳层电离的三重微分截面

利用3C、DS3C和S3C模型分别计算了共面非对称几何条件下快电子碰撞碳原子K-壳层电离的三重微分截面(TDCS),将S3C模型计算结果与其它理论结果和实验数据进行了比较.表明:内壳层电离的TDCS呈现出一强的recoil峰,对于某些参量,recoil峰甚至高于binary峰.这一点与外壳层电离过程不相同.S3C模型能够较好地描述这样的电离过程.?     

Triple differential cross section in ionization of hydrogen by electron impact

A novel model is proposed to study the ionization of atomic hydrogen by fast election impact in coplanar asymmetric geometry making use of the post form of the transition matrix element for the energy shell and the two-potential formula. Based on the approximation of projectile plane waves and three-body problems, the transition matrix element is decomposed into two parts: the structure and scattering factor and the correlation factor. The contributions of these factors to triple differential cross sections are investigated using the method of asymptotic and convergent series.     

He原子与HI分子碰撞截面的密耦计算

基于发展的分子间相互作用势, 采用密耦方法计算了入射能量从1到140?meV范围内He原子与HI分子碰撞的微分截面、分波截面和积分截面.通过与He-HX（X=F,Cl,Br）体系分波截面的比较, 印证了He-HI体系相互作用势以及密耦计算结果的可靠性.结果表明：小角散射的概率大于大角散射的概率;碰撞能量越高,散射概率就越小, 尾部效应也越弱.总积分截面主要来自弹性碰撞的贡献;非弹性积分截面以00→01和00→02跃迁的贡献为主,其中00→02跃迁的贡献最大. 关键词： 碰撞截面 密耦计算 HI-He体系     

正电子冲击下氦电离三重微分截面的理论计算

我们发展了一种正电子碰撞原子电离的畸变波Born近似方法, 在这个方法中,正负电子偶素通道通过一个ab initio的光学势附加到入射粒子和靶的相互作用势上,且通道对电离作用被第一次被考虑在正电子碰撞原子电离的过程中. 应用这个方法计算了在50 eV入射能量范围氦的电离的三重微分截面,计算结果和实验数据很好的符合.     

Triple differential cross sections of magnesium in doubly symmetric geometry

A dynamically screened three-Coulomb-wave(DS3C) method is applied to study the single ionization of magnesium by electron impact. Triple differential cross sections(TDCS) are calculated in doubly symmetric geometry at incident energies of 13.65, 17.65, 22.65, 27.65, 37.65, 47.65, 57.65, and 67.65 e V. Comparisons are made with experimental data and theoretical predictions from a three-Coulomb-wave function(3C) approach and distorted-wave Born approximation(DWBA). The overall agreement between the predictions of the DS3 C model and the DWBA approach with the experimental data is satisfactory.     

Dissociative ionization cross sections of CO2 at electron impact energy of 5 keV

The dissociative ionization of CO2 induced by 5 keV electrons in two-body and three-body dissociative channels of CO2＋2 and CO3＋2 is identified by the ion-ion coincidence- method using a momentum imaging spectrometer. The partial ionization cross sections （PICSs） of different ionic fragments are measured and the results generally agree with the calculations made by a semi-empirical approach. Furthermore, the PICSs of the dissociative channels are also obtained by carefully considering the detection efficiency of the micro-channel plates and the total transmission efficiency of the time of flight system.     

非共面几何条件下102eV电子碰撞He原子电离的全微分截面

利用DS3C模型研究了非共面几何(垂直平面与垂直动量转移平面)条件下,散射电子的散射角θ₁取不同固定值时,102eV的电子碰撞He原子单电离反应过程的完全微分截面(FDCS),将其计算结果与3C,CCC等理论模型及实验数据进行了比较.结果表明DS3C模型能够较好地定性描述非共面几何(垂直平面与垂直动量转移平面)条件下的碰撞结果,说明对于非共面几何条件下的碰撞过程,出射道三粒子间的动力学关联效应是比较强的. 关键词： 非共面几何 单电离 全微分截面     

电子碰撞下氢原子单离化反应三重微分散射截面的计算

在共面非对称几何条件下，利用能壳上跃迁矩阵元的后滞形式和双势公式，对快电子碰撞下氢原子的单离化，提出了一个新的计算方法.通过分解动能算符，并且略去两电子的质心运动和相对运动的指数因子，对快电子采用平面波的近似形式，得到了库仑三体问题的近似解.散射振幅可以表示成两个因子乘积的形式，即结构散射因子T₂和关联因子T12.采用渐近级数展开和最佳截断的方法讨论了T₂和T₁₂对三重微分散射 截面的影响. 关键词： （e;2e）反应 三重微分截面 二体峰值 反冲峰值     

正电子碰撞Ag，In，Sn原子L壳层电离截面的理论计算

在David Botz分析模型的基础上,综合考虑正电子及电子碰撞电离的库仑效应和电子交换效应,引入离子效应和相对论效应修正因子,计算了Ag,In,Sn原子的L壳层电离截面.计算结果表明,引入了修正因子的计算结果明显优于平面波波恩近似和扭曲波波恩近似的计算结果,并和最近文献的实验值符合得较好.其计算结果可为激光等离子体模拟提供准确参数.     

正电子碰撞Ag，In，Sn原子L壳层电离截面的理论计算

在David Botz分析模型的基础上，综合考虑正电子及电子碰撞电离的库仑效应和电子交换效应，引入离子效应和相对论效应修正因子,计算了Ag，In，Sn原子的L壳层电离截面.计算结果表明，引入了修正因子的计算结果明显优于平面波波恩近似和扭曲波波恩近似的计算结果，并和最近文献的实验值符合得较好.其计算结果可为激光等离子体模拟提供准确参数.     

Al,Ti,Cu,Mo原子的K壳层电离截面的理论计算

 电子离子碰撞过程是模拟激光等离子体的超热电子的能谱和产额的主要过程之一。基于相对论性的电子离子碰撞的K壳层的电离截面理论,计算了Al,Ti,Cu,Mo原子的K壳层的电子离子碰撞截面,结果和最近的文献实验数值和其它理论数值进行了比较,计算结果可用来模拟激光等离子体的超热电子能谱和产额。     

Energy spectrum of ejected electrons in ionization of hydrogen atoms by electrons

Energy spectrum of ejected electrons in ionization of hydrogen atoms has been calculated following a multiple scattering theory of Das and Seal [15]. The results show peaks around two to three Rydbergs of energies of the ejected electrons, for incident electron energy of 250 eV and 500 eV, considered here, and for different combinations of the angular variables of the scattered and the ejected electrons, for scattering in a plane. The peaks are very similar to those observed in relativistic K-shell ionization of Ag atoms by electrons at 500 KeV energy [6]. The physical origin of these peaks may be traced to the second order scatterings, scattering first by the atomic nucleus (or the atomic electron) and then a second time by the atomic electron. These peaks are, however, absent in the first Born results. Experimental verification of the present results and theoretical calculation by some other well-known methods will be interesting.     

Fully differential cross sections for C6+ single ionization of helium

The three-Coulomb-wave(3C) model is applied to study the single ionization of helium by 2 MeV/amu C6+ impact.Fully differential cross sections(FDCS) are calculated in the scattering plane and the results are compared with experimental data and other theoretical predictions.It is shown that the 3C results of the recoil peak are in very good agreement with experimental observations,and variation of the position of the binary peak with increasing momentum transfer also conforms better to the experimental results.Furthermore,the contributions of different scattering amplitudes are discussed.It turns out that the cross sections are strongly influenced by the interference of these amplitudes.     

Na离子和Cl离子引起He原子直接多重电离过程的研究

利用2～8 MeV的Naq+、Clq+(q=2,3,4,5)轰击氦原子,对碰撞的直接多重电离过程进行研究.实验采用反冲离子-散射离子飞行时间符合技术,通过反冲离子飞行时间谱区分不同价态反冲离子;利用静电偏转和位置灵敏探测技术区分不同电荷态散射离子;结合CAMAC-PC多参数获取系统得到一定价态散射离子所对应的反冲离子电荷态分布谱;经分析该谱得到直接多重电离截面与直接单电离截面之比R21.讨论了R21随入射离子速度和电荷态的变化关系.     

Empirical model for electron impact ionization cross sections of neutral atoms

A simple empirical formula is proposed for the rapid calculation of electron impact total ionization cross sections both for the open- and closed-shell neutral atoms considered in the range 1≤ Z≤92 and the incident electron energies from threshold to about 10⁴ eV. The results of the present analysis are compared with the available experimental and theoretical data. The proposed model provides a fast method for calculating fairly accurate electron impact total ionization cross sections of atoms. This model may be a prudent choice, for the practitioners in the field of applied sciences e.g. in plasma modeling, due to its simple inherent structure.     

Theoretical analysis on fully differential cross sections for C~(6+)impact ionization of helium

Fully differential cross sections （FDCS） are calculated within a four-body model for single ionization of helium by C6＋ impact at the incident energy of 100 MeV/a.u. （atomic unit）. The results are compared with experimental data and other theoretical predictions. It is shown that our results are in very good agreement with experiment for three small momentum transfers in the scattering plane; however, some significant discrepancies are still present at the largest momentum transfer in both the scattering plane and the perpendicular plane. In actuality, the problem has not been explained by the theory during the last decade. Accordingly, the contributions of different scattering amplitudes to FDCS are analyzed. It is found that for the largest momentum transfer the cross section arising from a destructive interference of the three amplitudes is much smaller than the experimental data. However, the cross section due to the constructive interference of two scattering amplitudes between projectile-ionized electron interaction and projectile-passive electron interaction almost approaches the experimental data.     

Symmetric scattering ine ±-H ionization collisions

Triple differential cross-sections for ionization of hydrogen atoms by electrons and positrons have been calculated for symmetric coplanar geometry following a multiple scattering method suggested and used earlier by the authors. Results show single binary peaks exactly at 45° and double binary peaks exactly at 135° for higher energies as are expected from an analysis of Briggs [3]. At lower energies there are certain deviations from these values. An analysis of scattering mechanism at peaks are also given. This supports Briggs’ explanation.     

质子碰撞电离过程中程函近似效应的理论研究

分别利用连续扭曲波方法和初态程函近似-连续扭曲波方法对质子碰撞电离氖原子1s,2s,2p壳层后随电离电子能量变化的单重微分散射截面(SDCS)和二重微分散射截面(DDCS)及总截面进行了计算,所得结果与部分实验数据符合得很好.详细探讨了各壳层SDCS和DDCS的细致结构以及质子碰撞的电离机制.结果表明,对于氖原子2p壳层,随着入射质子能量的增加,SDCS的区域变长,幅度减小,在低能区以软电离为主;而DDCS出现的峰均迅速减小.此外,分析了初态程函近似对SDCS和DDCS的影响,发现该效应对截面的影响在低能入射时非常明显,随着入射能量的增大,这种影响逐渐减弱.