双组分染料的测定方法

本文介绍了分光光度法测定双组分染料的原理,并通过测试铬黑T和茜素红混合染料对该方法进行了分析和验证。实验结果表明,该方法测定双组分混合染料中染料含量,方法简单,准确度高。     

一种光度法测定双组分染料浓度的方法研究

采用光度法测定了含有曙红和桃红的混合染料的吸光度,并用最小二乘法计算两种染料的浓度。用分光光度计测定曙红和桃红的最大吸收峰,然后确定不同浓度的曙红溶液和桃红溶液的吸光度,绘制标准曲线并进行拟合,得到拟合方程。最后测定含曙红和桃红的混合染料的吸光度,由回归系数最小二乘估计法得到最大吸收波长处的吸光度-浓度方程,计算出两种染料的浓度,回收率在98%¹02%之间。该法具有快速、简捷实用等特点。{A514.5合成样=(1.097×10-1c曙红-7.000×10-4)+(4.860×10-2c桃红-2.200×10-3)A534合成样=(2.790×10-2c曙红+6.000×10-4)+(9.320×10-2c桃红+4.900×10-3)     

几种碱性染料萃取光度法测定微量金的方法比较

通过实验对测定金的7种碱性染料的萃取光度法进行了比较和评价。     

双波长紫外分光光度法测定苯酚的研究

本文采用双波长紫外分光光度法测定混合物中苯酚含量,对波长的选择进行了探讨,指出对不同混合物体系,应选择不同确定等吸收点的方法。     

两种双波长法用于减小浊度对废水中六价铬测定结果的影响

二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法测定废水中六价铬时,结果容易受水样浊度的干扰,本文研究了两种双波长法在减小浊度对测定结果影响中作用,所得结果与单波长法和浊度补偿法进行了对比。两种双波长法测定波长为540nm,参比波长分别为750nm和660nm,方法的检出限LD(3.143×s)分别为0.66和0.43μg.L-1,拟合方程的线性关系介于0.9998~0.9999,8.0μg.L-1标准点水样测定结果的RSD均小于6.50%,实际样品加标回收率介于75.0%~116%。与单波长法和浊度补偿法相比,两种双波长法用于标准点和标准样品测定时,具有更好的方法精密度,用于实际样品测定时具有更好的准确度。     

两种方法测定水中挥发酚含量的比较

分别采用连续流动注射法和传统分光光度法测定水中挥发酚的含量。对检测结果进行统计学中的F和t检验,结果表明这两种方法测得的结果数据无显著性差异,精密度、准确度等指标均符合分析标准要求。连续流动注射法的自动化程度更高,操作更简便、灵敏度更高。     

沙田柚果园土壤硝酸盐氮的测定

采用双波长分光光度法测定果园土壤中的硝酸盐氮,样品标准加入回收率为95.3％～101．6％,RSD为2．22％-2．56％。结果表明：该方法具有选择性好、灵敏度高、操作简便、测定范围宽、能有效消除亚硝酸盐、氯离子、有机物的干扰等优点。     

铝试剂－双波长分光光度法测定水中微量铝

文中提出用铝试剂－双波长分光光度法测定水中微量铝，显色体系为铝试剂－十二烷基苯磺酸钠－ｐＨ＝３．６０的Ｋｌａｒｋ—Ｌｕｂｓ缓冲溶液。提出的方法具有较好的灵敏度和选择性，铁的干扰用等吸收法消除，因此可不经预处理直接测定。服从比耳定律的浓度范围为０～９μｇ／２５ｍＬ．检出限为０．００９μｇ／ｍＬ。     

镀银液中磺基水杨酸的测定

建立了无需其它辅助试剂便能接测定磺基水杨酸镀银液中磺基水杨酸的紫外分光度法,并采用双波长和扣除底液的背景吸收,进一步提高了测量准确率,工艺范围内测量相对误差≤｜±１．６％｜。且测量条件宽松,操作简便,分析液可直接回收到镀液中再利用,能满足生产工艺要求。     

还原染料还原方法的研究进展

目前工业上主要采用化学法来还原染料,该方法存在废水处理成本高、还原剂不可再生、环境污染严重等问题。而电化学法利用电子为清洁能源,只需很少的化学还原剂就能得到满意的还原效率,大大减少了废水的排放。文章主要讨论了各种还原方法的优缺点,并结合其还原机理分析了还原染色技术的未来发展动向。     

两种纺织品抗菌测试标准的比较

介绍了抗菌检测的基本原理及织物抗菌检测的相关标准。对当今国际上通用的两种织物定量检测标准即AATCC100与JISL1902进行了分析对比,着重指出了这两大检测标准所存在的缺陷,为制定我国相关抗菌检测标准提供借鉴。     

Comparison of Dye Behavior from Aspen HYP: Dyes Added in the HYP Manufacturing Process Versus Dyes Added at the Papermaking Wet End

Abstract

The yellowish color of High Yield Pulp (HYP) gives some psychological obstacles and limits its application in some paper grades. Dyes are widely used in the papermaking process to shade the yellowish color of the paper products. We proposed to add dyes into the HYP manufacturing process to minimize the yellowish hue. In this work, we substituted the dye-added HYP (dyes added in the HYP manufacturing process) for hardwood kraft pulp in the production of fine paper grades, and compared the results from those by adding dyes into the papermaking wet end. A higher dye effectiveness was obtained when we used the dye-added HYP. Also, the dye-added HYP gave more effective performance of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) fillers and Optical Brightening Agents (OBA) in terms of CIE whiteness and b*. In addition, the dye-added HYP showed less negative effect on brightness and better compatibility with other dyes. The underlying mechanism for the above experimental observation was proposed.     

自适应求积公式在混LPG浓度计算中的应用

针对LPC产品的顺序输送中混液量问题进行了研究,建立混液量模型后用自适应积分法进行计算,并用应用软件编制模拟程序实现混液浓度的数据输出,以及进行顺序输送模拟.并通过某石化厂到某液化气有限公司的原料气管道进行实例应用.结论:当前行丙烷时,掺混量较少,当前行丁烷时,由于丁烷的密度比较大,所以掺混量较多.     

成品油管道混油量计算方法及减少混油量措施探讨

结合生产实际,重点介绍了成品油顺序输送管道混油量的计算方法,包括理论公式、修正的理论公式以及经验公式,并进行了相应的实例计算,对各种计算公式进行的比较,分析了混油量的影响因素,提出了减少混油量的措施。     

地质样品中微量碲测试方法研究

地质样品经由硝酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸三酸溶解,用盐酸溶液提取溶解样品,加入一定量的铁盐用以掩蔽干扰。采用断续流动氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定样品中元素碲的含量,并且在试验过程中找出该方法测定碲元素的最佳条件。     

The Mechanism of Radiation Destruction of Dyes in Polymers: A New Method for Increasing the Stability of Dyed Polymers Based on Oscillative Cross-Relaxation

Abstract

Discussion of the mechanism of radiation destruction of dyes in polymers, which is associated with solid-phase chemical reaction between dye molecules and oxyradicals appearing either on destruction of polymer molecules or on oxidation of macroradicals by the oxygen dissolved in the matrix. Experimental results are given on radiolysis and photolysis of polymethyl methacrylate with a “resonant” low molecular weight additive and dye (nickel dithiobenzil complex and vanadyl phthalocyanine), which demonstrate the decisive role of oscillative cross-relaxation between macromolecules and molecules of the additive in increasing the radiation stability of dyed polymers.     

The Influence of Reactive Dyes on Thermo-, γ-Radiation and Photooxidative Degradation of Stressed Polyvinyl Alcohol

Abstract

Using infrared spectroscopy it has been shown that the mechanical load increases the rate of thermo-and γ-radiation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and photooxidative degradation. The inclusion of reactive dye in the polymer inhibits these processes.     

油气田高氯废水COD测定的两种方法比较研究

油气田废水成分复杂,含盐量高,利用传统方法测定COD结果偏差大。利用系统的正交实验对比研究了氯气校正法与重铬酸盐法测定油气田高含盐废水COD的适用性,研究结果表明,重铬酸钾法测定误差大,氯气校正法能准确可靠地测定油气田废水的COD值,其测定结果 COD100时,误差在30%以内,COD100时,误差在10%以内,回收率在102%~119%,并且重现性良好,能够满足分析测试的要求。     

Techno-Economic Comparison of Bio-Cycling Processes for Mixed Plastic Waste Valorization

Mixed plastic waste is challenging for any recycling process. Here, an enzymatic recycling process is compared with a biotechnological upcycling process for valorizing mixed plastic waste constituted by PLA, PET, and PP. Both process routes are modeled in Aspen Plus, analyzed for bottlenecks, cost drivers, and sensitivity regarding enzymatic and microbial performance. While enzymatic recycling is only viable for uniform plastic feedstock, biotechnological upcycling operating at optimized process conditions reveals the potential to produce carbon-neutral succinic acid from mixed plastic waste.