2,4,6-三溴苯胺对环氧固化物阻燃耐热性的影响

用氧指数(LOI)、TG法研究了2,4,6 三溴苯胺(TBA)对环氧树脂酸酐固化物阻燃耐热性的影响,结果表明TBA有较好的阻燃效果,其与Sb2O3和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)配用时具有协同阻燃效应,且对环氧树脂酸酐固化物的热稳定性影响较小。     

溴化聚苯乙烯对环氧固化物阻燃耐热性的影响

用氧指数法、热分析法、热变形法测定研究了溴化聚苯乙烯对环氧树脂的酸酐固化物阻燃性能和热性能等的影响。结果表明溴化聚苯乙烯能有效阻燃环氧树脂酸酐固化物,同三氧化二锑或磷酸三甲苯酯配合使用阻燃效果更好。     

环氧磷酸活性阻燃剂的合成及对环氧树脂酸酐固化物性能的影响

通过将环氧树脂和磷酸直接反应，制得了与环氧树脂相容性较好的新型含磷活性阻燃剂——环氧磷酸。研究了其对环氧树脂酸酐固化物阻燃性以及其它各种性能的影响。实验结果表明：该阻燃剂对环氧树脂固化物有较好的阻燃作用，能明显提高树脂固化物的残炭量。适量添加环氧磷酸可大幅度提高固化物的韧性，并且对固化物的硬度以及热稳定性影响不大。     

热分析法研究氯代有机磷酸酯阻燃环氧树脂机理

采用热分析方法研究了三(2,3-二氯丙基)磷酸酯(以下简称TCPP)对环氧树脂-酸酐固化物热氧化降解行为的影响及其作用机制.结果表明TCPP改变了环氧树脂-酸酐固化物热氧化降解的反应历程,且在不同的温区表现出阻滞降解(300℃以下)和加速碳化(300℃以上)两种作用特征.由此热氧降解动力学行为提出了TCPP在气相与固相协同阻燃环氧树脂的作用机理.该机理被红外光谱、裂解气相色谱的实验结果和元素分析数据所支持.     

溴醚对环氧树脂固化物阻燃耐热性的影响

用氧指数 (LOI)、FT -IR法测定研究了四溴醚和八溴醚对环氧树脂酸酐固化物阻燃耐热性的影响。结果表明 2种溴醚均能较好地阻燃树脂固化物 ,四溴醚因凝聚相作用 ,阻燃效果比八溴醚好些。样品经 2 0 0℃ /2h处理后LOI值明显提高 ,阻燃化使树脂的耐热性降低 ,这种不利影响 ,四溴醚比八溴醚小。     

红外光谱研究三(2,3-二氯丙基)磷酸酯阻燃环氧树脂

用红外光谱法考察了三(2,3-二氯丙基)磷酸酯(以下简称TCPP)对环氧-酸酐固化物热降解过程的影响及TCPP的热解行为。结果表明:TCPP对环氧-酸酐固化物的热降解有很大影响,在不同温度区间表现阻滞降解(300℃以下)和加速碳化(300℃以上)两种作用特征,这与TCPP在不同温度区间具有不同的热解行为密切相关。为此,对TCPP阻燃环氧树脂的作用机理进行了探讨。     

环氧磷酸的合成及对环氧树脂固化物的阻燃耐热性研究

将环氧树脂和磷酸直接反应,制得了含磷11%、与环氧树脂相容性较好的新型含磷阻燃剂(EPH),用氧指数测定、热重法等方法研究了其对环氧树脂二乙烯三胺固化物阻燃耐热性的影响。实验结果表明该阻燃剂对环氧树脂固化物有较好的阻燃作用,能明显提高树脂固化物的残炭量,主要发挥凝聚相阻燃作用。     

三氧化二锑对环氧树脂酸酐固化物阻燃耐热性的影响

氧指数测定与热分析法研究结果表明，三氧化二锑能较好地阻燃环氧树脂酸酐固化物，并对其耐热性影响很小。与含卤阻燃剂配用时协同效应机理与阻燃剂种类、用量关系密切。     

固化促进剂对环氧树脂固化物性能的影响

借助透光率/雾度仪、DSC和SEM比较了四乙基溴化铵(TEABr)、二甲基苄胺(DBMA)、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑(2,4-EMI)、2,4,6-三(二甲基胺基甲基)苯酚(DMP-30)以及有机膦/溴络合物(AO-4)对E-51环氧树脂/酸酐固化体系性能的影响。结果表明,固化促进剂的加入可不同程度地提高环氧树脂的固化速率,改善固化物的透明度和耐热稳定性。AO-4质量分数为0.5%～1.0%,120℃下反应得到的环氧/酸酐固化物无色透明,综合性能最佳。     

动态固化聚丙烯／环氧树脂共混物的制备工艺研究

将动态硫化技术应用于热塑性树脂／热固性树脂体系，制备了动态固化聚丙烯／环氧树脂共混物，研究了动态固化PP／环氧树脂共混物制备工艺条件即增容剂、固化剂、环氧树脂的环氧当量及其含量等因素对共混物力学性能的影响。实验结果表明，选择马来酸酐接枝的均聚聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)作为增容剂，所制得的动态固化PP／环氧树脂共混物的力学性能较好。2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑(EMI-2，4)的适宜用量为1．2％(每100份环氧树脂使用4份)。环氧当量对共混物的性能影响不大。当环氧树脂的含量为5％～10％时，动态固化PP／环氧树脂共混物的综合性能明显好于PP，特别是具有较高的强度和模量。     

丙醛与硫化铵环化缩合反应产物研究

采用乙醇作溶剂,以0.1 mol丙醛与0.18 mol硫化铵水溶液为原料,在0℃下反应5 h,制得2,4,6-三乙基-5,6-二氢-4H-1,3,5-二噻嗪香料化合物;并采用FTIR、傅里叶离子回旋变换质谱、1HNMR和13CNMR对其进行了结构表征。通过GC-MS对反应后所得粗品进行分析,确定了其组成成分主要为2,4,6-三乙基-5,6-二氢-4H-1,3,5-二噻嗪、六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、N-亚丙基-1-胺基-1-丙烯、3,5-二乙基-1,2,4-三硫杂环戊烷、2,4,6-三乙基-四氢-1,3,5-噻二嗪、N,N'-二亚丙基丙二胺、3,5-二乙基-4,5-二氢-1,2,4-二噻唑。文中探讨了该反应生成2,4,6-三乙基-5,6-二氢-4H-1,3,5-二噻嗪及其副产物的机理,也探讨了2,4,6-三乙基-5,6-二氢-4H-1,3,5-二噻嗪、2,4,6-三乙基-六氢-1,3,5-三嗪和2,4,6-三乙基-四氢-1,3,5-噻二嗪等在GC-MS分析过程中发生分解的情况;最后对2,4,6-三乙基-5,6-二氢-4H-1,3,5-二噻嗪作为潜在的食品香料化合物的安全性问题做了相关的评价。     

A sensitive method for the determination of carbonyl compounds

2,4,6-Trichlorophenylhydrazine was tested as a reagent for carbonyl compounds. As little as 0.1 of the 2,4,6-trichlorophenylhydrazones (2,4,6-TCPH) could be measured with an electron capture detector, so this reagent should be useful in measuring the carbonyl compounds in oxidized fats at levels near their flavor thresholds. Mixtures of 2,4,6-TCPHs were separated by thin layer chromatography. Alkan-2-one-2,4,6-TCPHs were separated from aldehyde-2,4,6-TCPHs on alumina plates. The alkanal, alk-2-enal and alk-2,4-dienal-2,4,6-TCPHs were separated from each other either on silica gel plates or silica gel-silver ion plates. The derivatives within each carbonyl class were separated by chain length on chromatography media impregnated with phenoxyethanol. The 2,4,6-TCPHs eluted from thin layer plates were determined with an electron capture detector after gas chromatography on a 30 cm column of freeze-dried detergent base coated with a silicone oil. Journal Paper No. J-6842 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, project No. 1856.     

2,4,6-TCP removal mechanism in the process of leaching manganese

ABSTRACT

2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) was used in the leaching system of manganese/pyrite to achieve the simultaneous utilization and removal of 2,4,6-TCP. When the initial concentration of 2,4,6-TCP was 300 mgL^?1 and the weight percentage of pyrite was 12.8%, the removal of 2,4,6-TCP was 83.3%, meanwhile, the leaching efficiency of manganese was 97.6%. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the removal of 2,4,6-TCP mainly relied on the chemical oxidative degradation by Mn (IV) and the surface adsorption by leaching residue, including physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry analysis and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) indicated that 2,4,6-TCP was degraded to inorganic substances eventually.     

2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醛的合成

用2,4,6-三甲基苯基溴化镁分别和原甲酸三乙酯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和N,N-甲基苯基甲酰胺进行加成反应,分别以70%、62.5%和22%的收率得到了2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醛。     

Studies on 2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl Substituted Naphthalenes. Part IV: Synthesis of Nitro- and Polynitro-Di-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)naphthalenes

The nitration of 1,4-di(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)naphthalene and 1,5-di(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)naphthalene and of mono- and dinitro-derivatives of these compounds has been studied with a view to obtaining heat resistant materials of high energy. A number of mono-, di- and tri-nitro derivatives of 1,4-di(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) and 1,5-di(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)naphthalenes have been prepared.     

Synthesis of amino-modified ordered mesoporous silica as a new nano sorbent for the removal of chlorophenols from aqueous media

Contamination of natural water with organic pollutants is a problem of major concern and the demand for effective adsorbents for the removal of toxic compounds is increasing. Present work deals with the adsorption of 2-chlorpphenol (2-CP) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) from aqueous solutions on a new nano sorbent; amino-modified ordered mesoporous silica (APS-MCM-41) material. It was found that APS-MCM-41 shows significant adsorption for 2-CP and 2,4,6-TCP. This might be due to the acid and alkaline interactions among the amino functional groups and chlorophenols. Batch adsorption studies were carried out to study the effect of various parameters like adsorbent dose, pH, initial concentration and contact time. It was found that adsorption of 2-CP and 2,4,6-TCP depends upon the solution pH. From the sorption studies it was observed that the uptake of 2,4,6-TCP was higher than that of 2-CP. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were used to model the equilibrium adsorption data for 2-CP and 2,4,6-TCP.     

Preparation,Characterization, and Sensitivity Data of Some Azidomethyl Nitramines

1,3‐Diazido‐2‐nitro‐2‐azapropane (DANP) and 1,7‐diazido‐2,4,6‐trinitro‐2,4,6‐triazaheptane (DATH) were synthesized, thoroughly analyzed, and their explosive properties and sensitivities toward friction and impact were measured. The precursors 1,3‐diacetoxy‐2‐nitro‐2‐azapropane ( 1 ), 1,3‐dichloro‐2‐nitro‐2‐azapropane ( 3 ), and 1,7‐dichloro‐2,4,6‐trinitro‐2,4,6‐triazaheptane ( 4 ) – as well as DATH – were furthermore characterized by X‐ray diffraction.     

2,4,6三氯苯肼的制备研究

研究了以 2 ,4 ,6 三氯苯胺为原料 ,经重氮化、还原、盐析及中和反应等步骤合成 2 ,4 ,6 三氯苯肼的工艺 ,合成收率为 90 %。     

Liquid-liquid Extraction Methods to Determine Reductive Dechlorination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by Zero-valent Metals and Zero-valent Bimetals

Abstract

The reductive dechlorination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) was studied using zero-valent metals (ZVMs) and bimetals. A reliable extraction method was required to distinguish the removal by chemical transformation from the removal by physical adsorption on the ZVMs or bimetal. Three liquid–liquid extraction methods with ethyl acetate were evaluated by conducting mass recovery tests in the ZVM-chlorophenol systems. A typical liquid–liquid extraction showed low recoveries for 2,4,6-TCP and the reaction products while the modified liquid–liquid extraction involving acid addition gave increased recoveries. The Mg system needed an additional modification since the modified extraction method was not working on the Mg and Pd/Mg system. Pd/Fe and Pd/Zn gave the highest reaction rate for 2,4,6-TCP dechlorination, producing less or no chlorinated daughter compounds while the plain metals such as Fe and Zn showed much slower degradation rates for 2,4,6-TCP.