PACAP27对鱼藤酮诱导细胞凋亡抑制作用机制的研究

目的探讨垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽27(PACAP27)对鱼藤酮诱导的PC12细胞损伤保护作用的胞内分子机制。方法诱导分化后的PC12细胞,经鱼藤酮(250 nmol.L-1)和(或)PACAP27(10-7~10-8mol.L-1)处理后,四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测细胞活性及代谢状态;Apo-ONE均质荧光法检测Caspase-3活性变化,流式细胞术检测细胞线粒体膜电位变化。结果PKA刺激剂db-cAMP(10-4mol.L-1),Forskolin(10-6mol.L-1)可模拟PACAP27的保护作用,而PKC刺激剂TPA(10-7mol.L-1)则无此作用(P>0.05);PKA抑制剂H-89(10-6mol.L-1)可明显削弱PAC-AP27的保护作用,而PKC抑制剂Myr-ΨPKC(10-6mol.L-1)则无此作用(P>0.05);ERK抑制剂PD98059(2×10-5mol.L-1)和p38抑制剂SB203580(5×10-5mol.L-1)可削弱PACAP27的保护作用,而JNK抑制剂SP600125(4×10-5mol.L-1)则无此作用(P>0.05);PACAP27可以明显抑制鱼藤酮诱导的Caspase-3活化;但PACAP27却无法逆转鱼藤酮诱导的线粒体膜电位减低(P>0.05)。结论PACAP27通过PAC1受体介导,激活了PKA和MAPK信号通路,对鱼藤酮诱导的细胞凋亡进行了有效抑制,同时鱼藤酮诱导的这种细胞凋亡与非线粒体依赖的Caspase-3活化有关。     

姜黄素对MPP~+诱导PC12细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察姜黄素对MPP+诱导的PC12细胞凋亡的影响。方法采用透射电镜,hoechst染色和流式细胞仪(FCM)观察PC12细胞凋亡,间接免疫荧光流式细胞术检测PC12细胞bcl2的表达。结果PC12细胞自然凋亡率为(15±01)%,05mmol·L-1、1mmol·L-1和2mmol·L-1MPP+作用24h后,PC12细胞凋亡率分别为(441±38)%、(549±21)%和(822±26)%;20μmol·L-1和40μmol·L-1姜黄素对PC12细胞作用24h后无明显凋亡诱导作用,但可分别使05mmol·L-1MPP+处理组细胞凋亡率由(441±38)%下降到(341±38)%和(179±15)%(P<001);PC12细胞经20μmol·L-1姜黄素处理24h后,其bcl2表达率由正常对照的(3643±790)%增加到(7673±860)%(P<001)。结论姜黄素可以抑制MPP+诱导的PC12细胞凋亡,其作用机制之一可能与促进bcl2的表达有关。     

H_2O_2预处理对PC12细胞氧化应激损伤的适应性细胞保护作用

目的　探讨H2 O2 预处理对PC12细胞氧化应激损伤的适应性细胞保护作用及与脑源性神经营养因子 (brain de rivedneurotrophicfactor,BDNF)的关系。 方法　采用MTT法检测细胞活力 ,PI染色流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡 ,间接免疫荧光流式细胞术检测细胞BDNF的表达。结果　PC12细胞经 10 μmol·L-1H2 O2 预处理 90min后 ,2 0～ 6 0 μmol·L-1H2 O2 对PC12细胞生长的抑制程度明显下降 ,H2 O2 (2 0、30μmol·L-1)对PC12细胞凋亡的诱导作用明显受到抑制 ,BD NF的表达强度增强。结论　H2 O2 预处理对PC12细胞氧化应激损伤具有保护作用 ,其作用机制可能与增加脑源性神经营养因子表达有关     

一氧化氮诱导PC12细胞凋亡及人参皂苷Rg1的保护作用

目的　探讨一氧化氮诱导PC12细胞凋亡及人参皂苷Rg1保护作用的可能机制。 方法　DNA凝胶电泳观察DNA的断裂情况 ,流式细胞仪检测线粒体跨膜电位 ,West ernblotting检测胞浆细胞色素C和活化型半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶caspase 3P2 0 水平。结果　一氧化氮供体SNAP(5 0 0μmol·L-1)可诱导PC12细胞凋亡 ,细胞线粒体跨膜电位明显下降、胞浆细胞色素C水平增加及caspase 3得到激活 ;预先经过 5 0、10和 2 0 μmol·L-1等浓度人参皂苷Rg1处理后 ,SNAP诱导的PC12细胞凋亡明显减少 ,同时明显减弱SNAP对细胞线粒体跨膜电位、胞浆细胞色素C水平及cas pase 3激活的影响。 结论　人参皂苷Rg1可抑制一氧化氮诱导PC12细胞凋亡 ,其作用机制可能与其稳定细胞线粒体跨膜电位、减少线粒体细胞色素C向胞浆释放及抑制cas pase 3的激活有关     

低浓度亚硝酸钠预处理对高浓度亚硝酸钠损伤PC12细胞的保护作用

目的探讨低浓度亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)预处理对高浓度亚硝酸钠损伤PC12细胞的保护作用。方法 NaNO20.14 mmol·L-1处理PC12细胞24 h,然后用NaNO245 mmol·L-1再处理2 h制作预处理模型,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞的存活率,流式细胞术和Hoechst 33258/PI双染检测细胞凋亡,比色法检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量,Western印迹法检测缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)和凋亡相关蛋白表达。结果与NaNO245 mmol·L-1处理组相比,NaNO20.14 mmol·L-1预处理+NaNO245 mmol·L-1组的PC12细胞存活率增加、凋亡减少(P<0.05);细胞SOD、CAT活性和GSH-Px含量明显增加,MDA含量明显下降,促凋亡相关蛋白Bax,胱天蛋白酶9,胱天蛋白酶3表达明显下降,凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl-2和HIF-1α表达明显升高(P<0.05);加入一氧化氮特异性清除剂c-PTIO可以逆转这种现象(P<0.05)。结论低浓度NaNO2预处理增加PC12细胞抗氧化能力,拮抗高浓度NaNO2诱导的细胞凋亡,机制与NaNO2还原为一氧化氮和增加HIF-1α表达有关。     

Survivin在PC12细胞对抗化学性缺氧损伤中的作用

目的探讨存活素(survivin)在PC12细胞对抗氯化钴(CoCl2)诱导损伤中的作用。方法应用不同浓度的CoCl2处理PC12细胞不同时间,建立化学性缺氧诱导PC12细胞损伤的实验模型。应用CCK-8比色法检测细胞存活率;Western-blot法检测CoCl2诱导缺氧与survivin表达间的量效(200～1000μmol·L-1)和时效(0～48h)关系。结果CoCl2可明显抑制PC12细胞的存活率,且呈浓度和时间依赖性。应用不同浓度CoCl2处理PC12细胞24h,在200～600μmol·L-1浓度范围内,呈浓度依赖性地促进survivin表达,600μmol·L-1CoCl2诱导survivin表达达高峰,超过此浓度,则随着CoCl2浓度的增加,survivin表达逐渐下降,CoCl2浓度达1000μmol·L-1时,survivin基本不表达;应用600μmol·L-1CoCl2处理PC12细胞,在0～36h时间范围内,呈时间依赖性地促进PC12细胞survivin的表达,但随着处理时间的延长,survivin的表达逐渐下降;加入2μmol·L-1Hsp90抑制剂17-丙烯胺基-17-去甲氧基格尔德霉素(17-AAG),不仅可以降低600μmol·L-1 CoCl2诱导的survivin高表达,而且加重了600μmol·L-1 CoCl2对PC12细胞的损伤作用,使细胞存活率降低。结论survivin表达上调可能是PC12细胞对抗化学性缺氧损伤的内在防御机制之一。     

没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对百草枯诱导SK-N-SH细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的探讨茶多酚中主要活性成分没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)对百草枯诱导人神经母细胞瘤细胞株SK-N-SH细胞凋亡的保护作用。方法培养的SK-N-SH细胞给予400μmol·L-1百草枯诱导细胞凋亡。实验分为6组:空白对照组、百草枯模型组、维生素E(10μmol·L-1)组和3个EGCG(1、5、10μmol·L-1)剂量组。以药物处理细胞2h后,加入百草枯,72h后MTT法检测细胞活力,取培养细胞上清液测定乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出量,Hoechst 33258荧光染色法和流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况。结果与空白对照组相比,百草枯明显降低细胞活力(P<0.01),增加LDH漏出量(P<0.01),细胞膜结构不完整,出现空泡等凋亡现象,细胞凋亡发生率达到30.5%。EGCG处理后,显著提高细胞活力,减少LDH的漏出和降低细胞凋亡率(P<0.01),其中10μmol·L-1组的作用明显高于5μmol·L-1组或1μmol·L-1组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论EGCG具有抑制百草枯诱导的SK-N-SH细胞凋亡作用。     

硫化氢通过抑制p38 MAPK保护PC12细胞对抗化学性缺氧损伤

目的探讨硫化氢(H2S)是否通过抑制p38MAPK保护PC12细胞对抗化学性缺氧诱导的损伤。方法应用化学性低氧模拟剂氯化钴(CoCl2)处理PC12细胞建立化学性缺氧损伤模型。应用CCK-8比色法检测细胞存活率;Hochest33258核染色法观察细胞凋亡的形态学改变;双氯荧光素(DCFH-DA)染色荧光显微镜照像检测细胞内的活性氧(ROS);罗丹明123(RH123)染色荧光显微镜照像检测线粒体膜电位(MMP);Western blot法检测p38MAPK蛋白的表达水平。结果应用600μmol·L-1CoCl2处理PC12细胞2h可使磷酸化(p)p38明显增多;在应用600μmol·L-1CoCl2处理PC12细胞前30min,应用400μmol·L-1硫氢化钠(NaHS,H2S的供体)预处理细胞不仅可明显的抑制CoCl2诱导的p-p38MAPK表达的增多,还能保护PC12细胞对抗600μmol·L-1CoCl2引起的损伤,使细胞存活率升高,凋亡细胞和胞内ROS水平明显降低,MMP丢失减小;在CoCl2损伤PC12细胞前60min应用p38抑制剂SB302580(20μmol·L-1)预处理也能产生类似NaHS预处理的细胞保护作用。结论 p38MAPK介导CoCl2引起PC12细胞的损伤作用;H2S通过抑制p38MAPK的表达及氧化应激反应保护PC12细胞对抗化学性缺氧引起的损伤作用。     

半胱氨酰白三烯受体1参与鱼藤酮诱导PC12细胞损伤的调节

目的观察半胱氨酰白三烯受体1(CysLT1受体)与鱼藤酮诱导PC12细胞损伤的关系。方法鱼藤酮及CysLT1受体拮抗剂孟鲁司特处理PC12细胞后,以MTT方法检测PC12细胞活性变化;以Western blotting检测鱼藤酮处理前后,PC12细胞CysLT1受体的表达变化;不同浓度鱼藤酮处理24 h及3μmol·L-1鱼藤酮处理不同时间,以免疫细胞化学方法观察CysLT1受体分布变化。结果鱼藤酮(0.3～30μmol·L-1)可诱导PC12细胞损伤,孟鲁司特1和5μmol·L-1可显著减轻鱼藤酮诱导的细胞损伤。鱼藤酮(1～10μmol·L-1)作用PC12细胞24 h及鱼藤酮3μmol·L-1处理3 h和24 h,均可诱导CysLT 1受体蛋白水平表达升高。鱼藤酮能浓度和时间依赖性引起CysLT1受体从细胞核移位到细胞浆。结论 CysLT1受体参与鱼藤酮诱导的PC12细胞损伤。     

N~1-乙基-N~(11)-(环庚烷基)甲基-4,8-二氮杂癸烷对宫颈癌细胞的作用

目的探讨N1-乙基-N11-(环庚烷基)甲基-4,8-二氮杂癸烷(CHEN)对宫颈癌细胞株Siha的抗肿瘤作用。方法MTT法检测细胞的生长情况;流式细胞术及DNA片段化分析法检测细胞凋亡;化学分析法测定精胺氧化酶(SMO)活性。结果CHEN可显著抑制Siha宫颈癌细胞生长,且抑制作用随药物浓度增加而增强,用10μmol·L-1 CHEN处理细胞,24和48h生长抑制率分别高达61%和75%。细胞凋亡分析发现,CHEN处理可诱导Siha细胞凋亡,导致凋亡峰出现和细胞核DNA片段化。在0~20μmol·L-1浓度范围内,CHEN作用24h对Siha细胞SMO活性无明显影响。结论CHEN通过诱导细胞凋亡而抑制宫颈癌细胞生长,该抑制作用与SMO活性无关。     

Intracellular dopamine oxidation mediates rotenone-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells

Aim: To study the role of dopamine (DA) in rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Methods: Cell viability was assessed by detecting the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into the medium. Apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. Caspase-3-1ike activity was measured by fluorescence assay using the probe Ac-DEVD-AMC. The level of intracellular hydrogen peroxide and other peroxides in PC12 cells were quantified by loading cells with 2‘-7‘-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) in fluorescence assay. Lactic acid was measured spectrophotometrically. The DA levels in PC 12 cells weredetermined by HPLC-ECD. Results: A 48-h incubation of PC 12 cells with rotenone caused an apoptotic cell death and elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactic acid accumulation. Intracellular DA depletion with reserpine significantly attenuated rotenone-induced ROS accumulation and apoptotic cell death. No change was found in rotenone-induced ROS accumulation when cells were co-treated with deprenyl. Brief treatment with reserpine at the end of rotenone treatment had no effect on rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. However, when cells were first incubated with deprenyl, a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor for 30 min then co-incubated with rotenone plus deprenyl, a brief treatment with reserpine enhanced cell injury. Conclusion: Rotenone-inducedapoptosisinPC12 cells was mediated by intracellular dopamine oxidation.     

Protective effect of Bu-7, a flavonoid extracted from Clausena lansium, against rotenone injury in PC12 cells

Aim:

To investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanisms of Bu-7, a flavonoid isolated from the leaves of Clausena lansium, against rotenone-induced injury in PC12 cells.

Methods:

The cell viability was evaluated using MTT assay. The cell apoptosis rate was analyzed using flow cytometry. JC-1 staining was used to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Western blotting analysis was used to determine the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), tumor protein 53 (p53), Bcl-2–associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and caspase 3.

Results:

Treatment of PC12 cells with rotenone (1–20 μmol/L) significantly reduced the cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment with Bu-7 (0.1 and 10 μmol/L) prevented PC12 cells from rotenone injury, whereas Bu-7 (1 μmol/L) had no significant effect. Pretreatment with Bu-7 (0.1 and 10 μmol/L) decreased rotenone-induced apoptosis, attenuated rotenone-induced mitochondrial potential reduction and suppressed rotenone-induced protein phosphorylation and expression, whereas Bu-7 (1 μmol/L) did not cause similar effects. Bu-7 showed inverted bell-shaped dose-response relationship in all the effects.

Conclusion:

Bu-7 protects PC12 cells against rotenone injury, which may be attributed to MAP kinase cascade (JNK and p38) signaling pathway. Thus, Bu-7 may be a potential bioactive compound for the treatment of Parkinson''s disease.     

异鼠李素激活PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/CREB信号通路减轻鱼藤酮诱导的PC12细胞损伤

目的探讨异鼠李素(isorhamnetin,ISO)是否能够通过激活PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/CREB通路减轻鱼藤酮对PC12细胞的损伤作用。方法采用MTT法检测细胞活力,LDH检测乳酸脱氢酶释放,Western blot法测定p-Akt、Akt、p-GSK-3β、GSK-3β、p-CREB和CREB蛋白表达。结果与对照组相比,鱼藤酮损伤后PC12细胞活力明显降低,CREB的磷酸化程度显著降低。异鼠李素预处理组细胞存活率和磷酸化CREB的表达均高于鱼藤酮损伤模型组。此外,异鼠李素预处理增强了鱼藤酮损伤后PC12细胞中Akt和GSK-3β的磷酸化程度。加入PI3K抑制剂LY294002可以抑制Akt、GSK-3β和CREB的磷酸化水平,从而部分消除异鼠李素对鱼藤酮损伤PC12细胞的神经保护作用。结论异鼠李素可能通过PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/CREB信号通路发挥PC12细胞保护作用。     

Protocatechuic acid inhibits apoptosis by mitochondrial dysfunction in rotenone-induced PC12 cells.

Protocatechuic acid (PCA), a phenolic compound isolated from the kernels of Alpinia (A.) oxyphylla, showed the significant neuroprotective effects on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or MPP+-induced apoptosis in cultured PC12 cells. However, the mechanism how PCA suppresses rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in cultured PC12 cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of PCA in PC12 cells exposed to rotenone as an in vitro model of mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptotic cell death. The apoptosis in rotenone-induced PC12 cells was accompanied by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the total glutathione depletion, activation of caspase-3 and down-regulation of Bcl-2. In contrast, PCA markedly attenuated the above-mentioned mitochondrial dysfunction in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggest that treatment of PC12 cells with PCA can block rotenone-induced apoptosis via ameliorating the mitochondrial dysfunction.     

Effect of Trans-resveratrol on Rotenone-induced Cytotoxicity in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells

Rotenone, a botanical insecticide is known to cause apoptosis in various cell types. Trans-resveratrol, a natural phytophenol present in red grapes and wine, is also well documented for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anticarcinogenic activities. Therefore, the present investigations were carried out to assess the protective effect of trans-resveratrol against rotenone-induced cell death in human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells. MCF-7 cells were exposed with various concentrations of rotenone for 24 h, and the loss in percent cell viability was evaluated by MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] and neutral red uptake (NRU) assays. A significant decrease in percent cell viability in MCF-7 cells was observed at 50 μM and above concentrations of rotenone, as compared to untreated control. Furthermore, various concentrations (5, 10, and 25 μM) of trans-resveratrol were used to see its protective role on cell viability in rotenone-induced cell death in MCF-7 cells. Pre- or post- treatment of trans-resveratrol for 24 h was given to the cells. The data exhibited a significant dose dependent increase in the percent cell viability under pre- and post-treatment conditions. However, post-treatment of trans-resveratrol for 24 h after rotenone exposure to the cells was relatively less effective. Overall, the results suggest that trans-resveratrol significantly protects MCF-7 cells from rotenone-induced cell death. This model can be used as an effective and economical alternative to animal models for screening the antioxidant activity of a variety of natural compounds/drugs.     

类叶升麻苷对鱼藤酮致SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的探讨类叶升麻苷对鱼藤酮致多巴胺能神经元SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的保护作用及其机制。方法采用MTT法检测细胞存活率,以荧光染料Hoechst33342染色分析细胞核的形态学变化,用流式细胞仪定量分析细胞凋亡峰,以2,′7′-二氢二氯荧光黄双乙酸钠(DCFH-DA)为标记探针检测细胞内活性氧的产生。结果①0.5μmol.L-1的鱼藤酮处理SH-SY5Y细胞48 h能引起细胞存活率的显著下降;诱导细胞发生凋亡,凋亡率达47.39%;大部分细胞胞体皱缩,突起缩短消失或断裂;染色质皱缩、浓缩、断裂及形成凋亡小体;细胞内活性氧水平上升。②预先用盐生肉苁蓉提取物类叶升麻苷(10,20或40 mg.L-1)处理细胞6 h,可提高细胞存活率;明显改善鱼藤酮引起的细胞形态学变化;流式细胞仪检测凋亡率分别降低到25.87%,23.97%,10.45%;以DCFH-DA为标记探针检测到20 mg.L-1类叶升麻苷可明显抑制鱼藤酮引起的细胞内活性氧产生。结论类叶升麻苷能抑制鱼藤酮诱导的多巴胺能神经元SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡,其神经细胞保护作用可能与降低细胞内活性氧水平有关。     

Protective effects of puerarin on alcohol-induced oxidative injury in PC12 cells

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of puerarin on alcoholtoxicity in rat pheochromocytoma cell line(PC12). METHODS The PC12 cells were incubated with different concentrations of puerarin in advance. The protective effects of the puerarin on alcohol induced PC12 cel impairment were evaluated according to the fol owing approach: the viability of PC12 cel was determined by MTT assay and the impairment level was evaluated by analysis the leakage content of the lactate dehydrogenase(LDH). The cel apoptosis degree and the pro-apoptotic p53 protein expression were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Alcohol significantly impaired PC12 cel viability(P<0.05),and increased LDH leakage(P<0.05),induced cell apoptosis and upregulated expression of p53(P<0.05).While Puerarin significantly reversed these changes(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Puerarin might exert protection effect against ethanol-induced neurotoxicity via inhibition the expression of p53 protein.     

垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽诱导PC12细胞突起生长的作用

目的　研究垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽（ＰＡＣＡＰ） ３８与ＰＡＣＡＰ２７ 在ＰＣ１２ 细胞突起生长中的作用，并探讨介导其作用的受体和细胞内第二信使机制。方法　采用ＰＣ１２细胞分散培养法，观察接种７２ ｈ 时ＰＣ１２ 细胞突起生长阳性细胞的百分比。结果　当ＰＡＣＡＰ３８ 和ＰＡＣＡＰ２７ 的浓度为１ ×１０－ ７ ～１ ×１０－ １１ ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ 之间时，均能诱导ＰＣ１２细胞突起生长，其中以１×１０ －９ ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－ １ 的浓度作用最明显，量效曲线呈“钟”形。ＰＡＣＡＰ Ⅰ型受体拮抗剂ＰＡＣＡＰ６～３８和ｃＡＭＰ依赖的蛋白激酶抑制剂ＲｐｃＡＭＰＳ 能显著地抑制ＰＡＣＡＰ诱导ＰＣ１２ 细胞突起生长的作用，而蛋白激酶Ｃ 抑制剂Ｈ７ 却没有这个作用。结论　ＰＡＣＡＰ３８ 和ＰＡＣＡＰ２７均能诱导ＰＣ１２ 细胞突起生长，该作用是由ＰＡＣＡＰ Ⅰ型受体介导的，是通过细胞内ｃＡＭＰ 依赖的蛋白激酶系统实现的