苦山柰化学成分的研究

目的　研究中药山柰的混杂品种苦山柰Kaempferia marginata Carey的化学成分。方法　利用色谱技术进行分离纯化, 根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果　从苦山柰的根茎分得苦山柰萜醇(1)、8(14),15-sanderacopimaradiene-1α,9α-diol (2)、8(14),15-sanderacopimaradiene-1α,6β,9α-triol (3)、吉马酮(4)、对-甲氧基-肉桂酸乙酯(5)和正-十五烷(6)。结论　苦山柰萜醇(1)为新二萜醇, 化学结构为8(14),15-isopimaradiene-6α-ol。2, 3和4是首次从该植物中分得。     

我国姜科山柰属药用植物的研究

本文报道我国山柰属药用植物4种1变型。其中中药山柰的原植物是Kaempferiagalanga。云南部分地区有以大叶山柰K.latifolia和白山柰K.marginata f.alba与山柰混用。为此,作者就山柰药材进行了生药学研究,发现淀粉粒的形状和大小有所区别,薄层层析证明化学成分也不相同。     

瑞香狼毒的化学成分(英文)

从瑞香狼毒中分离得到一个新天然产物新狼毒素与4个已知化合物,分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇,东莨菪素,伞形花内酯及胡萝卜苷。其中新狼毒素与其它从该种植物中所分离得到的瑞香烷型二萜类化合物有不同之处。     

昆明山海棠化学成分的研究

从昆明山海棠(Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl) Hutch)茎中分得一单体,经光谱UV,IR,MS,¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR和2D-NMR)分析,推定为一新成分,命名为雷酚二萜酸(triptonoditerpenic acid).     

昆明山海棠化学成分研究

从昆明山海棠(Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.)Hutch)根中分得三个单体,经光谱分析鉴定晶1为已知物雷藤二萜酸(triptoditerpenic acid),晶2和晶3为新二萜化合物,分别命名为雷藤二萜酸B(triptoditerpenic acid B)和山海棠二萜内酯A(hypodiolide A)。     

山莓中两个新二萜的分离与鉴定

为研究山莓(Rubus corchorifolius L.f)的化学成分，应用硅胶柱色谱进行分离纯化，根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定结构。本文分离鉴定了2个贝壳杉烷二萜化合物，其结构分别为对映-贝壳杉烷-3α，16α，17，19-四醇(1)，对映-2-羰基-16α-羟基-贝壳杉烷-17-β-D-葡糖苷(2)。化合物1、2均为新化合物。     

山柰及其伪品的鉴别

本文应用理化方法鉴别了中药山柰与伪品苦山柰，紫外光谱法是区别山柰与伪品山柰的主要方法之一，山柰的Ｅ２１０／Ｅ３１０＜１，而苦山柰的Ｅ２０７／Ｅ３１０＞１．     

山蒟化学成分研究(Ⅱ)

从胡椒科植物山蒟(Piper hancei Maxim)中分得两个新木脂素成分(Ⅰ,Ⅱ)及三个生物碱(Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ)。Ⅰ经光谱(IR,UV,MS,~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR,APT-~(13)SCNMR,2 D-HNMR)分析等证明其结构为rel-(7 S,8 S,1′R,3′S,4′R)-1′烯丙基-7-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-4′-羟基-5′-甲氧基-8-甲基-2′-氧双环[3.2.1]辛-5′-烯,为新结构,命名为山蒟醇(hancinol)。经光谱鉴定Ⅱ为burchellin,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ分别为风藤酰胺(futoamide)、荜拨明宁碱(piperlonguminine)和N-异丁基-反-2-反～4-癸二烯酰胺。后四种均首次从该植物中得到。     

丹参二萜醌对黄嘌呤氧化酶活性的抑制作用(英文)

目的黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)抑制剂对痛风或其他XOD诱导的疾病有潜在的治疗作用,因此探讨了从丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.)中分离的丹参二萜醌---隐丹参酮(CT)和次甲丹参酮(MT)对XOD的抑制作用。方法在分子氧存在的条件下,XOD催化黄嘌呤产生尿酸和超氧阴离子。在黄嘌呤/XOD的反应媒介中加入CT或MT,通过测量波长290nm处吸光度的增加测定尿酸形成速率。结果CT和MT对XOD有抑制作用,酶动力学曲线Dixon图显示抑制方式是竞争型。CT和MT的Ki值分别为17.8和25.9μmol.L-1,抑制活性与浓度正相关。CT和MT的IC50值分别为70和67μmol.L-1,阳性对照别黄嘌呤醇的IC50值为60μmol.L-1。结论CT和MT对XOD活性有抑制作用,对痛风或其他XOD诱导的疾病可能有一定的治疗作用。     

山蒟化学成分研究(Ⅱ)

从胡椒科植物山蒟(Piper hancei Maxim)中分得两个新木脂素成分(Ⅰ,Ⅱ)及三个生物碱(Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ)。Ⅰ经光谱(IR,UV,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,APT-¹³SCNMR,2 D-HNMR)分析等证明其结构为rel-(7 S,8 S,1′R,3′S,4′R)-1′烯丙基-7-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-4′-羟基-5′-甲氧基-8-甲基-2′-氧双环[3.2.1]辛-5′-烯,为新结构,命名为山蒟醇(hancinol)。经光谱鉴定Ⅱ为burchellin,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ分别为风藤酰胺(futoamide)、荜拨明宁碱(piperlonguminine)和N-异丁基-反-2-反～4-癸二烯酰胺。后四种均首次从该植物中得到。     

The Chemical Constituents of Diterpenoids from Kaempferia marginata Carey

Marginatol (1), a new isopimarene diterpenoid, and five known compounds 8(14),15-sandera-copimaradiene-1α,9α-diol (2), 8(14), 15-sanderacopimaradene-1α 6β,9α-triol (3), germacrone (4), trans-ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (5) and n-pentadecane (6) were isolated from the hexane extract of Kaempferia marginata Carey.The structure of marginatol (1) was established as 8(14),15-isopimaradiene-6α-ol on the basis of spectral data (IR,MS,^1h-^-1H 13^C-^1H NOESY and HMBC). Compounds 2, 3 and 4 were isolated for the first time from thisplant.     

Chemical Constituents of Stellera chamaejasme L

A diterpenoid, neostellerin, was isolated from the roots of Stellera chamaejasme L together with4 known compounds identified as β-sitosterol, scopoletin, umbelliferone and daucosterol. The structure ofneostellerin, which was elucidated by NMR, especially 2D NMR analysis, was different from other daphnane typediterpenes isolated from this plant.     

Diterpenoids from the Roots of Agastache rugosa

从土藿香根中得到两个二萜化合物，藿香酚（２）及异藿香酚（３）。经光谱解析（ＩＲ，ＵＶ，ＨＲＭＳ及ＮＭＲ谱），确定它们的结构分别为１１，１４ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ１２ｍｅｔｈｏｘｙ１９（４→３）ａｂｅｏａｂｉｅｔａ４，（１８），８，１１，１３ｔｅｔｒａｅｎ７ｏｎｅ（２）和１１，１４ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ１２ｍｅｔｈｏｘｙ１９（４→３）ａｂｅｏａｂｉｅｔａ３，８，１１，１３ｔｅｔｒａｅｎ７ｏｎｅ（３）藿香酚（２）为一新的化合物，而异藿香酚（３）系首次从天然界分离得到，二者为一对异构体。     

土藿香中二萜成分的化学研究

从土藿香根中得到两个二萜化合物，藿香酚（2）及异藿香酚（3），经光谱解析（IR，UV，HR－MS及NMR谱)，确定它们的结构分别为11，14－dihydroxy-12-methoxy-19(4→3)abeoabieta-4(18)8,11,13-tetraen-7-one(2)和11,14-dihydroxy-12-methoxy-19(4→3)abeo-abieta-3,8,11,13-tetraen-7-one(3),藿香酚（2）为一新的化合物，而异藿香酚（3）系首次从天然界分离得到，二者为一对异构体。     

Two New Diterpenoids from Mallotus apelta Muell.Arg.

Abstract

Two new diterpenoids, malloapeltene (6,8-dihydroxy-cembrene-5-one) and malloapeltin (4α,15,16-trihydroxy-dolabradane) were isolated and characterized from the petroleum ether fraction of the alcoholic extract of Mallotus apelta Muell.Arg. Their structures were determined by spectral methods.     

Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential of Kaempferia rotunda Linn

The plant Kaempferia rotunda Linn. has been explored for its anti oxidant potential in the present study. The antioxidant property was assessed by lipid peroxidation markers such as malonaldehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxyl-2-nonenal (4-HNE). The lipid peroxidation byproducts are highly toxic and responsible for various diseases like myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, hepatic injury, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. The chemical constituents of the plant were critically and qualitatively analyzed to confirm the presence of flavonoids and phenolic derivatives. Hence our objective has been designed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of Kaempferia rotunda linn. and its contribution to control the lipid peroxidation.     

Effect of Escherichia coli endotoxin on Archachatina marginata hemolymph coagulation system

Context: Archachatina marginata Swainson (Achatinidae) is found in Nigeria, West Africa. Its hemolymph is applied as a disinfectant to blades and fresh cuts of circumcision in Yorubaland. The hemolymph is also used in traditional medicine practice. Investigation into its anti-endotoxin response is being studied for the first time.

Objective: This study determined whether endotoxin causes measurable and concentration-dependent protein coagulation in the separate hemolymph fractions and in hemocyte lysate (HL)/plasma mixtures.

Materials and methods: Endotoxin was prepared by inoculating 5% w/v dextrose with locally isolated Escherichia coli cells and incubated for 48?h before sterilization. Pyrogenicity was determined by rabbit test method and use the of LAL kit. Hemolymph fractions were exposed to endotoxin while controls were exposed to endotoxin-free water (0.025 EU/ml). HL/plasma (1:1 v/v) was exposed to varied endotoxin concentrations.

Results: Data indicated significantly higher protein coagulates induced by endotoxin in all the hemolymph fractions (P?<?0.05). Maximum protein coagulation in mixture of HL/plasma 1:1 was recorded. Exposure of HL/plasma at optimal ratio to varied endotoxin caused linear protein coagulation up to 1.0 EU/ml, beyond which it dropped significantly and unresponsive to further increase in endotoxin doses.

Discussion and conclusion: There was endotoxin-induced protein coagulation, which is endotoxin concentration-dependent. The optimal coagulation observed for 1:1 HL/plasma mixture suggests stronger interaction between the hemocytes and the plasma in response to endotoxin. There are LPS-binding proteins in the plasma and hemocytes of A. marginata. This finding may be employed in detection and quantification of endotoxin in future.     

筋骨草属植物中二萜类成分的化学及药理活性研究进展

唇形科筋骨草属植物的主要成分是新克罗烷型和松香烷型二萜,新克罗烷型二萜具有C-4,C-9位侧链取代基类型多变的结构特点,松香烷型二萜结构中多存在一个或多个酚羟基,筋骨草属植物的二萜类成分具有抗炎,抗菌,抗肿瘤,降压以及昆虫拒食等广泛药理活性.本文对筋骨草属植物的萜类成分及其药理活性进行综述,为该类化合物的后续研究提供参考.