枯季乌江河流“呼吸”作用及其性质探讨

发源于云贵高原上的乌江是长江流域的重要支流之一。乌江流域喀斯特地貌广泛发育，是中国南方典型的喀斯特河流。以枯水季节乌江流域水体中的实测温度、溶解氧、碱度和pH值等理化参数为依据，探讨了乌江流域河道水体的CO2分压(〖WTBX〗P〖WTBZ〗CO2)与河流“呼吸”通量的变化规律。乌江流域枯水季节河道水体〖WTBX〗P〖WTBZ〗CO2介于2913~1 530 μatm之间，平均值为9493 μatm，约为大气的3倍，各支流样点的平均值为9924 μatm，大于干流平均值9026 μatm，由此推断乌江流域干支流河道在枯季是大气CO2的“源”。受各游段流域特征以及人类活动的影响，干支流河道水体〖WTBX〗P〖WTBZ〗CO2表现出明显的空间差异。水体〖WTBX〗P〖WTBZ〗CO2与溶解氧的相关关系不显著，说明河道内有机质的异养呼吸不是喀斯特乌江流域枯季水体中溶解无机碳的主要来源，其河道水体中高〖WTBX〗P〖WTBZ〗CO2成因复杂。〖WTBX〗P〖WTBZ〗CO2的上述分布规律是流域支流汇入、地下水以及河道水体有机质氧化分解等共同作用的结果。     

城市土壤重金属含量及其对儿童健康风险的初步评价——以四川省宜宾市为例

通过对宜宾市主要街道47个土壤样中Pb、As、Zn和Cu含量的调查研究,并利用健康风险评价模型,初步评价了城市土壤中重金属对儿童(6~12岁)的健康风险。Pb、Zn和Cu采用火焰 原子吸收光谱仪测定,As采用氢化物发生 原子荧光光谱测定。结果表明,宜宾市城市土壤中Pb、Zn和Cu含量显著高于四川省土壤背景值,表现出明显的累积效应(〖WTBX〗p〖WTBZ〗=0000),As含量显著低于四川省土壤背景值(〖WTBX〗p〖WTBZ〗=002);与四川省土壤基线值相比,土壤中Pb、Zn和Cu含量的超标率分别为362%、297%和511%,As含量尚未超标。城市土壤中Pb、As、Zn和Cu的单危害指数大小(〖WTBX〗HI)依次为HIAs>HIPb>HICu>HIZn,总危害指数THI〖WTBZ〗为346×10-1。单危害指数和总危害指数均低于可接受水平1,未对儿童表现出非致癌危害。土壤中As的总致癌风险〖WTBX〗TCR〖WTBZ〗为872×10-6,在可接受水平内(1×10-6~1×10-4),未对儿童表现出致癌风险。     

基于PCA方法的长江口滩涂围垦区土地利用动态综合评价及驱动力

基于1987、1995、2000和2006年长江口TM、ETM遥感影像,采用“空间代时间”和主成分分析（PCA）综合评价模型的方法,对长江口奉贤不同围垦年限土地利用动态特征进行了综合评价分析。利用南汇围垦区土地利用动态变化对综合评价的结果进行验证。表明：（1）围垦区土地利用程度指数随着围垦年限增加而呈线性升高趋势（〖WTBX〗R2〖WTBZ〗=0457 7）,GM（土地利用多样性指数）呈现指数上升趋势并在围垦后35~40 a达到稳定态;（2）PCA土地利用综合评价指数（〖WTBX〗F〖WTBZ〗）与农耕用地正相关（水田>大棚用地>旱地>林地>园地）,与反映滨海特征类型（养殖塘>草地>开放水域>光滩）呈负相关;（3）土地利用PCA综合评价指数（〖WTBX〗F〖WTBZ〗）随围垦年限增加呈现对数增长（〖WTBX〗R2=0511 9）〖WTBZ〗并在围垦后40 a左右达到稳定态,回归分析表明〖WTBX〗F〖WTBZ〗值能很好反映土地利用程度指数（〖WTBX〗L〖WTBZ〗）和多样性指数（〖WTBX〗GM〖WTBZ〗）的变化趋势;(4)不同围垦年限土地利用动态变异驱动力：人为因素>自然因素。     

2007年湖北省梅雨期可降水量的GPS观测和分析

介绍了湖北省2006年建成的GPS(全球定位系统)气象探测网对2007年梅雨期可降水量的探测,指出GPS探测的可降水量(〖WTBX〗PWV)〖WTBZ〗与探空资料所计算的可降水量具有高度的一致性。通过对多站GPS资料时间序列的分析,揭示了在梅雨期过程中〖WTBX〗PWV的3个阶段的变化特征：在梅雨期来临前PWV都有一个急升的过程,PWV的急升时间长短、升幅、量值大小反映了水汽累积情况,它与梅雨期降水过程有较好的对应关系;梅雨过程中PWV急升达到峰值的过程伴随着明显的降水,进入高值波动阶段后,降水继续维持,PWV下降的过程中,降水逐步减小,直至停止,在这一阶段中PWV时间序列的波动和空间分布特征与梅雨期降水的短时变化有较好的对应关系;PWV〖WTBZ〗的变化幅度和平均量值的平稳减小则反映梅雨期即将结束.     

长江中游砂山的磁组构特征及古气候环境意义

为了建立长江中游风成砂的磁组构识别标志,讨论磁组构参数与古气候、古环境之间的关系,对新近发现的江西九江新港砂山剖面进行了野外考察和磁化率定向样品的采集和测试,结果表明：①新港风成砂剖面中砂层和古土壤化的亚黏土层的磁组构参数值具有较大的不同,亚黏土层的磁化率（〖WTBX〗κ〖WTBZ〗）在剖面中表现为峰值（均值143.27（10-6SI））,各向异性度（〖WTBX〗P〖WTBZ〗）值却表现为曲线的较低值段。砂层却与亚黏土层相反,〖WTBX〗κ〖WTBZ〗值为谷值（均值为2181（10-6SI））,〖WTBX〗P〖WTBZ〗值总体为高值段,但波动较大。②在新港风成砂剖面中大多数亚黏土层样品的磁面理度（〖WTBX〗F〖WTBZ〗）值大于磁线理度（〖WTBX〗L〖WTBZ〗）,而砂层中只有部分样品的〖WTBX〗F值大于L〖WTBZ〗,说明亚黏土层的磁面理发育程度较砂层的要好。③相对于河流和湖泊沉积物（河流沉积物长轴的倾角一般小于10°,短轴的倾角大于80°）而言,新港剖面风成砂的磁化率量值椭球体的长轴的倾角较大（22°～24°）,短轴的倾角较小（45°～51°）。④新港剖面风成砂的磁基质颗粒度（〖WTBX〗q〖WTBZ〗）的平均值（0668 8）比长江中游河流沉积物的〖WTBX〗q〖WTBZ〗值（024）偏大,反映风成砂的分选较河流沉积物的要差。上述特点可作为长江中游水成和风成沉积物的磁组构识别标志。⑤在325～262 m的地层剖面中共有9层发育程度不同的古土壤化的亚黏土层,说明在这一期间气候不仅有9次由干冷向暖湿的转变,且每次变化的强度也有所不同。〖     

近年长江湖口江段鱼类群落组成及多样性

2007~2009年每月2次,其中4~6月每月5次对湖口江段的鱼类群落特征及其多样性组成进行了调查,共收集鱼类样本4 241尾,隶属7科19属26种。群落优势种为黄颡鱼（〖WTBX〗Pseudobagrus fulvidraco）和粗唇鮠（Leiocassi crassilabis〖WTBZ〗）,占样本个体总数的6403%;Shannon Wiener多样性指数 (〖WTBX〗H′〖WTBZ〗)为1782,Simpson优势度指数 (〖WTBX〗λ〖WTBZ〗)为054,Pielou均匀度指数 (〖WTBX〗J′〖WTBZ〗)为0547,Margalef种类丰富度指标 (〖WTBX〗D〖WTBZ〗)为2993,Wilhm 改进指数（〖WTBX〗H″〖WTBZ〗）1873,相对稀有种数 (〖WTBX〗R〖WTBZ〗)为5769%;长江湖口江段鱼类群落中体重50~500 g的中小型鱼类占绝对优势,体重>500 g的大型鱼类占的比例非常小,经济鱼类趋于小型化,鱼类群落稳定性较低,生物多样性处于较低水平。 鱼类群落可分为3个生态类型,其中江海洄游性鱼类有3种、河湖洄游性鱼类4种、定居性鱼类19种;食鱼性鱼类有8种,食无脊椎动物性鱼类11种,杂食性鱼类3种,食浮游生物性鱼类有2种,草食性鱼类2种     

长江重庆段主城水体沉积物溶解性有机质(DOM)的光谱特性

应用荧光发射光谱、荧光激发 发射光谱矩阵（EEMs）结合紫外 可见光吸收光谱对长江重庆段主城水体沉积物溶解性有机质(DOM)的光谱特性进行了研究。通过应用吸收指数E2/E3、荧光指数〖WTBX〗f450/f〖WTBZ〗500和三维荧光光谱特征指纹等参数,对长江重庆段主城水体沉积物溶解性有机质(DOM) 的来源、组成和空间分布规律进行了探讨。结果表明：沉积物溶解性有机质以类胡敏酸为主,其他的类富里酸、水体微生物代谢物质和类蛋白物质均有检出,陆源输入为水体沉积物溶解性有机质(DOM)主要来源,并且荧光强度在空间分布上呈现先升高后降低再升高的趋势     

长江中游宜昌至城陵矶江段浮游植物群落结构的周年变化特征

于2010年1、4、7和10月对三期蓄水后长江中游宜昌至城陵矶江段的浮游植物进行周年调查。结果显示：浮游植物共计8门74属147种,以硅藻、绿藻和蓝藻为主,分别占401%、265%和204%。优势种为颗粒直链藻（〖WTBX〗Melosira granulate）、颗粒直链藻最窄变种（M.granulata var. angustissima〖WTBZ〗 O.Müller）、美丽星杆藻(〖WTBX〗Asterione formosa〖WTBZ〗 Hass）、克洛脆杆藻（〖WTBX〗Fragilaria Crowe crisp bar〖WTBZ〗 sp.）、钝脆杆藻（〖WTBX〗Fragilaria capucina〖WTBZ〗 Desm）、普通等片藻（〖WTBX〗Ordinary film algae）、具星小环藻（Cyclotella stelligera〖WTBZ〗 Cl.et Grun.）、单角盘星藻具空变种（〖WTBX〗Pediastrum simplex var.duodenarium）、优美胶毛藻（Chaetophora elegans〖WTBZ〗 (Roth) Agardh）、小颤藻（〖WTBX〗O.tenuis）、飞燕角甲藻（Geratium hirundinella〖WTBZ〗）等11种。浮游植物种类组成的季节变化差异较明显,秋季种类数最多,为110种,夏季种类数最少,只有55种。全年浮游植物平均密度为1611×104 cells/L,平均生物量为226 mg/L,夏季生物量最大（497 mg/L）,秋季最小（044 mg/L）。Shannon Wiener多样性指数均值为122,Pielou均匀度指数均值为027,Margalef丰富度指数均值为154,四季中春季的多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数均为最高。通过生物评价得出长江宜昌至城陵矶江段处于β 中污带,秋季部分江段出现富营养化     

春季香溪河库湾CODMn时空分布及其影响因子初探

于2012年春季在香溪河库湾合理布置断面观测,分析水体高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)的时空分布特征,并对CODMn与水体中叶绿素a、溶解氧(DO)、水体垂向稳定系数、总氮(TN)和溶解性硅酸盐(D Si)进行相关分析,以期为香溪河流域有机污染的治理提供支持和指导。结果表明：春季香溪河库湾CODMn浓度变化范围为1.40～5.36 mg/L,4月CODMn均值明显高于3月和5月,为366 mg/L,整个春季CODMn浓度从下游至上游呈现明显增大的趋势。相关分析发现,春季水华暴发期间,CODMn与叶绿素a显著正相关(分别为072和074),而在未暴发水华的3月二者的相关性不显著。浮游植物和水体稳定系数是影响CODMn变化的主要因素。倒灌异重流使得高含氮、低CODMn浓度的长江干流水体进入库湾下游并稀释CODMn浓度。CODMn与DO在3月和5月的弱相关关系为香溪河CODMn特殊的分布特征提供了其它合理的解释,其分布特征受多种因素的共同影响。春季库湾上游有机污染趋于恶化,限制支流特别是上游污染物的排放是改善有机污染现状的有效途径     

金沙河水库鲢、鳙生长特征及起捕规格的研究

2007年在金沙河水库分别取鲢(〖WTBX〗Hypophthalmichthys molitrix〖WTBZ〗)157尾、鳙(〖WTBX〗Aristichthys mobilis〖WTBZ〗)53尾样本,对其年龄组成和生长特征进行了研究。结果表明,该水库鲢、鳙均以3~4龄为主。体长和体重的关系式分别为〖WTBX〗WH=10×10-4L2.5135,WA=27×10-5L〖WTBZ〗2.8705。鲢、鳙的生长规律符合von Bertalanffy生长方程,鲢的生长方程分别为LH=1121244［1-e-0.1544(t+0.1371)］,WH=1418916［1-e-0.1544(t+0.1371)］2.5135;鳙的生长方程分别为LA=685382［1-e-0.396(t-0.3239)］,WA=5101875［1-e-0.396(t-0.3239)］2.8705。根据此方程计算出生长速度和生长加速度方程,并得出鲢、鳙生长拐点分别为583龄和300龄。与不同水库鲢、鳙生长比较,金沙河水库鲢比鳙生长快。并对金沙河水库鲢、鳙的放养和捕捞规格提出了建议     

Kinetics of the adsorption and desorption of radionuclides of Co, Mn, Cs, Fe, Ag and Cd in freshwater systems: experimental and modelling approaches

The sorption and release kinetics of 54Mn, 58Co, 59Fe, 109Cd, 110mAg and 134Cs by freshwater suspended particles were investigated to better identify the biogeochemical processes involved and to obtain suitable data for improving models describing radionuclide migration in freshwater streams. In order to observe any seasonal variability in the interaction of radionuclides with natural particles, experiments were performed both in winter and in summer during a phytoplanktonic bloom. Two kinetic models are compared in this paper: the "one-step reversible" model, based on the hypothesis that the transfer of radionuclides between water and suspended solids is governed by a reversible reaction, and the "two-successive-step reversible" model, which assumes two distinct types of sites or reactions on the solid phase. The "one-step reversible" model is generally unable to describe properly the exchange kinetics; this result shows that at least two processes are generally involved in radionuclide exchange between water and suspended particles. On the contrary, a model involving the existence of two successive reversible reactions properly simultes both the sorption and release kinetics. The determination of the kinetic coefficients allows quantitative assessment of the relative importance and kinetics of the processes. In particular, it has been shown that, except for Cs and Cd, major fractions of the radionuclides are associated at equilibrium with particulate sites involving strong interactions. The kinetics to reach this equilibrium depend on seasonal conditions, especially for Co and Mn: the transfer of Co and Mn to particulate sites involving strong interactions is much slower in winter. The distribution of the radionuclides between water and particulate sites involving weak interactions also shows seasonal variations for Co, Mn, Fe and Ag: the capacity to associate radionuclides is much higher in summer for Co and Mn, while the inverse tendency is observed for Fe and Ag. For Cs and Cd, no significant seasonal differences were observed.     

三峡水库水质变化趋势研究

为全面研究三峡水库蓄水之前至175 m蓄水运行期库区水质变化趋势和因蓄水导致水文条件变化后悬浮物、高锰酸盐指数、总磷等主要污染因子变化及其相互关系,通过对2000~2015年三峡水库水体水质状况进行分析,得出如下结论:三峡水库干流水质较好,其受水期及水库蓄水调度影响明显但逐渐减弱。受蓄水导致的水流条件变化、上游来水、支流汇入及沿程点面源污染等因素影响,干流沿程各断面水质变化趋势不完全一致;除清溪场和沱口断面外,从库尾到库首水质评价结果优于Ⅲ类的比例总体呈上升趋势。受蓄水影响,御临河、小江、大宁河及香溪河河口断面水质均呈下降趋势。三峡水库上游来水悬浮物含量变化与水期存在较好相关性,但自2013年开始上游来水各水期悬浮物含量均下降,悬浮物通量较2013年之前平均降低约80%。水库库中、库首断面近年来悬浮物含量在丰水期和平水期下降,其后逐渐趋于稳定,枯水期变化不明显。蓄水后主要支流河口悬浮物含量大部分时段低于库区干流同期,上游支流河口断面悬浮物含量受水期影响较库区中下游支流河口明显。干支流各断面高锰酸盐指数和总磷在各水期变化趋势各异,上游断面丰水期变化较下游断面明显;随着蓄水进程,各断面高锰酸盐指数和总磷在平水期和枯水期之间、断面间差异越来越小。悬浮物含量与高锰酸盐指数、总磷等参数之间存在一定的相关性,但在较长时间范围,不能通过拟合等手段将水样一种状态的测定结果推出样品另一种状态近似检测结果。     

An empirical model for primary sedimentation of sewage

Theoretical mathematical models of primary sedimentation and column settling tests have failed until now to predict the behaviour of sedimentation tanks under actual operating conditions due to the difficulties in simulating the effect of the density currents and the complex phenomenon of flocculation. Therefore, empirical models can be helpful in the design of sedimentation tanks. Using performance data from three different pilot-scale sedimentation tanks, empirical mathematical models were developed in this paper relating suspended solids (SS) removal efficiency to surface overflow rate, influent SS concentration, and sewage temperature. The model coefficients were derived from the combined analysis of three well correlated sets of data, thus giving a good indication for their possible general applicability. The analysis of experimental data also gave a relationship between SS and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies.     

The effects of chronic exposure to asbestos fibers in the Amazon molly Poecilia formosa

Amazon mollies were exposed for 6 months to several concentrations of coarse and fine asbestos particles suspended in their aquarium water. At the end of this period, the fish were serially sectioned and the tissues examined for lesions. Pathological changes were found in the kidneys, the major site of accumulation of the mineral fibers after their entry into the body through the intestinal mucosa. There was no evidence of entry of particles through the gill epithelium. Epithelial hypertrophy and secondary lamellar telangiectasia of the gills appeared to be the result of physical abrasion by the asbestos particles. There was no cellular injury in the liver or the muscles.     

基于机制分解法长江口南汇潮滩悬移质泥沙通量研究

基于实测资料以长江河口南汇潮滩为例，对传统机制分解法进行改进，将机制分解计算中的含沙量项按悬沙粒径进行分组处理，分为63～250、16～63、4～16、05～4 μm 4个粒径组，对各粒径组泥沙的净输移通量分别进行机制分解计算，分析不同粒径组泥沙的各机制分解项对悬沙净输移通量的贡献。研究表明不同粒级的泥沙其控制输沙的潮滩动力因子不同。相当于粘土类（0.5～3.9 μm）和细粉砂类（3.9～16 μm）粒级的悬移质泥沙，平均流项T1+T2及潮泵项T3+T4+T5对其输移起控制作用；相当于粗粉砂类（16～62.5 μm）和细砂类（62.5～250 μm）粒级的悬移质泥沙，潮泵项T3～T5、潮振荡项T6～T8起控制作用。同时，对不同水深条件下同粒级悬沙净输移通量的机制分解项的比较，当悬沙输移过程由深水进入浅水时，潮泵项的贡献急剧减小，且不受大小潮汛、悬沙颗粒粒级粗细的影响     

The influence of geographic location on population exposure to emissions from power plants throughout China

This analysis seeks to evaluate the influence of emission source location on population exposure in China to fine particles and sulfur dioxide. We use the concept of intake fraction, defined as the fraction of material or its precursor released from a source that is eventually inhaled or ingested by a population. We select 29 power-plant sites throughout China and estimate annual average intake fractions at each site, using identical source characteristics to isolate the influence of geographic location. In addition, we develop regression models to interpret the intake fraction values and allow for extrapolation to other sites. To model the concentration increase due to emissions from selected power plants, we used a detailed long-range atmospheric dispersion model, CALPUFF. Primary fine particles have the highest average intake fraction (1 x 0(-5)), followed by sulfur dioxide (5 x 10(-6)), sulfate from sulfur dioxide (4 x 10(-6)), and nitrate from nitrogen oxides (4 x 10(-6)). For all pollutants, the intake fractions span approximately an order of magnitude across sites. In the regression analysis, the independent variables are meteorological proxies (such as climate region and precipitation) and population at various distances from the source. We find that population terms can explain a substantial percentage of variability in the intake fraction for all pollutants (R(2) between 0.86 and 0.95 across pollutants), with a significant modifying influence of meteorological regime. Near-source population is more important for primary coarse particles while population at medium to long distance is more important for primary fine particles and secondary particles. A significant portion of intake fraction (especially for secondary particles and primary fine particles) occurs beyond 500 km of the source, emphasizing the need for detailed long-range dispersion modeling. These findings demonstrate that intake fractions for power plants in China can be estimated with reasonable precision and summarized using simple regression models. The results should be useful for informing future decisions about power-plant locations and controls.     

Contaminant mobility in diked containment areas

Nine dredged material land containment areas, located at upland, lowland, and island sites, were monitored during hydraulic dredging operations in fresh and brackish-water riverine, lake, and estuarine environments. Influent/effluent sampling at the diked disposal areas showed that, with proper retention of suspended solids, most chemical constituents could be removed to near background water levels. Most heavy metals, oil and grease, chlorinated pesticides, and PCBs were almost totally associated with solids in both the influent and effluent samples. The parameters that appear to have the greatest potential impact as a result of land disposal of dredged material are ammonia, soluble manganese, total mercury, and dissolved oxygen; soluble iron, zinc, and copper may occasionally exceed criteria or background levels.v However, none of these should present serious problems after dillution of the effluent discharge in the receiving waters. Actively growing vegetation in disposal areas appeared to be efficient in removing ammonium nitrogen to low levels and also for filtering out suspended solids. Dissolved oxygen in effluents ranged from 0.6 to 12.5 ppm. Geochemical phase partitioning of influent and effluent solids indicated that carbonate solids of several heavy metals tended to form during dredged slurry containment, promoted by high alkalinity and increased pH in site waters. Metal adsorption onto effluent suspended particles (exchangeable phase) increased slightly, along with a significant increase in cation exchange capacity.     

A model and design equations for the intermittent sand filter

Design parameters based upon influent suspended (SS) and volatile suspended solids (VSS) concentrations and hydraulic loading rates were evaluated. Functional relationships and coefficients describing the efficiency of the ISF process were developed based upon laboratory data from filter units containing 0.17 mm effective sand size (ε′) media. Adequate SS and VSS removals were observed for the 0.17 mm ε′ sand filters. Field data from other studies using filter units containing 0.17, 0.40, and 0.68 mm ε′ sand were also evaluated using the model. Sand sizes larger than 0.17 mm ε′ did not produce effluents satisfying a federal secondary standard of 30 mg/1 of SS when the filter influent suspended solids were predominantly algae.     

长江口大洋山近岸水域浮游植物群落及其与环境因子的关系

2012年对上海大洋山近岸水域浮游植物的群落结构和物种多样性的周年动态进行了逐月的研究。结果表明:浮游植物共有141种,隶属6门62属。以硅藻为主,共43属110种,占物种总种类的78.01%。该水域浮游植物的年平均细胞密度为(37.86±39.79)×104cell/L。中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)和具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)为第一和第二优势种,细长列海链藻(Thalassiosira leptopus)、肋缝菱形藻(Nitzschia frustulum)和梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghiniana)为该水域常见种。从水质参数和物种多样性指数综合评价:大洋山近岸水域水质总体属于轻中污染。冗余分析(RDA)表明对大洋山近岸水域浮游植物影响较大的是悬浮物浓度、盐度、水温和溶解氧。     

Kinetics of trace element uptake and release by particles in estuarine waters: effects of pH,salinity, and particle loading

The uptake and release of 109Cd, 51Cr, 60Co, 59Fe, 54Mn, and 65Zn were studied using end-member waters and particles from Port Jackson estuary, Australia. The kinetics of adsorption and desorption were studied as a function of suspended particulate matter (SPM) loading and salinity. Batch experiments showed that the position and slope of the pH edges are dependent on the metal and on the salinity of the water (except for Mn). The general effect of salinity was to move the adsorption edge to higher pH values, with the greatest change being found for Cd. Most of the metals showed relatively simple kinetics with an increase in uptake as a function of time and suspended particle concentrations. The time dependence of Cd uptake was more complex, with an initial adsorption phase being followed by strong mobilization from the suspended sediments, explained by chlorocomplexation and competition with seawater major cations. The reversibility of the sorption decreased in the order Co>Mn>Zn>Cd>Fe>Cr. The percentage of adsorbed metal released in desorption experiments was greater in seawater than freshwater for Cd, Zn, and Co. These results are important in understanding the cycling of pollutants in response to pH, salinity, and particle concentrations in estuarine environments. In addition, they give valuable insight into the important mechanisms controlling the partitioning of heavy metals in the Port Jackson estuary.