菱形翅片管的强化传热特性

简要介绍了一种新型强化传热管－－菱形翅片管的结构和强化传热机理,并通过两组对比试验研究其强化传热特性。研究结果表明：菱形翅片管的三维翅片可以较大幅度提高换热器总传热系数和壳侧传热膜系数,对于对流和冷凝传热都有较好的强化效果。菱形翅片管加工成本较低,传热性能较好,在石油化工等行业推广应用前景广阔。     

混合工质沸腾,冷凝传热研究的最新进展：（Ⅱ）冷凝传热

本文综述了近期发表的涉及混合物冷凝传热的５０多篇论文。内容包括在管内外的自然对流与强制对流条件下混合物冷凝传热特性，流动状态以及强化传热方法等等。     

Experimental study of the evaporation of a falling film in a closed cavity

This article concerns the experimental study of heat and mass transfer in a distillation cell. This latter is a parallelepiped, of large form factor, whose active walls are vertical. The cell is fed with salt water, and pure water is evaporated from a thin film that falls along a heated wall while the opposite wall is maintained at a lower temperature and is used as a condensation surface. The experimental results show that the heat transfer in the distillation cell is dominated by the latent heat transfer associated with evaporation. A parametric study of the behavior of the distillation cell has been performed. A convenient choice of the operating parameters is suggested to optimize the distillation yield.     

The condensation/polymerisation of dimethyl siloxane fluids in a three-phase trickle flow monolith reactor

For the production of siloxane fluids, the viability of using a multi-channel monolith as a catalyst support system in a three-phase reactor has been studied. The catalyst was tripotassium phosphate (K₃PO₄). Experiments were performed in a single-channel flow reactor (15 mm i.d. and 500 mm catalyst coated length). The rate of reaction was followed by monitoring the disappearance of the hydroxyl group (–OH). Reaction experiments were performed at a hydroxyl group concentration range from 150 to 170 mol m⁻³, T=373–413 K and P=7.9 kPa with a nitrogen purge. The maximum temperature of operation was restricted to 413 K to avoid the formation of undesirable by-products. In the regime controlled by chemical kinetics, reaction was of an apparent first order with respect to –OH concentration, and in the apparent rate constant, the pre-exponential factor was 4.19×10⁻⁴ ms⁻¹, and the apparent activation energy was 16.1 kJ mol⁻¹. These are only valid for the operating pressure and purge gas flowrate used, as both of these are shown to affect water removal from the liquid phase and, hence, reaction rates. Mass transfer coefficients from the liquid to the catalyst surface were estimated and these increased rapidly with flowrate and were higher than expected for a falling liquid film.     

Local rates of heat and mass transfer during condensation of non-eutectic vapours of binary immiscible liquids

Heat and mass transfer data are reported for the condensation of vapours of immiscible liquids. Condensation occurred on the outside of 0.0254 m diameter horizontal copper tube. Mixtures of organic vapours in steam have been studied, such mixtures being rich in steam and removed from the eutectic composition.

The condensate flow pattern has been determined experimentally. In systems where the density ratio of the organic to water liquids is less than one, a standing-drop pattern is observed; when the ratio is greater than one, channeling flow is the main feature.

For systems removed from the eutectic composition, diffusional resistance through the vapour phase adjacent to the vapour—liquid interface has a major effect on the transfer rates.     

Experimental study of the performance of a cooling tower used in a solar distiller

In this work, we investigated experimentally the thermal performance of a forced cooling tower used in a solar desalination system based on humidification-dehumidification of air. The cooling tower is a counter flow wet one filled with film packing materials.The measured variables were obtained for wide ranges of mass flow rates of air and water as well as for several inlet water temperatures; the tower characteristic and efficiency were then evaluated and expressed in terms of water to air mass flow rate ratio.     

波纹管管外冷凝传热系数计算模型

推导了波纹管表面张力液膜滞流冷凝传热系数计算式,引入重力修正系数校正重力的影响,并通过实验确定了重力修正系数,得到波纹管冷凝传热系数计模型。计算值与实验结果较为一致,误差小于6%。计算模型物理意义较为明确,可以清楚地分析波纹管强化传热的主要因素。研究表明,传热系数的提高是由表面张力和波纹表面结构使波纹表面冷凝负荷降低这两方面决定。     

分离式热管管内凝结换热的研究

在1:1模型上对分离式热管管内换热特性及不凝结气体扩散规律和对凝结换热的影响进行了试验,得出分离式热管换热器有一最佳充液率,其值为40%左右,凝结换热系数随着蒸汽压力的增加略有降低,在本实验的压力范围内,降低了9.3%。不凝结气体对分离式热管的凝结换热仅影响冷凝段下部一小部分,通过排气阀排出不凝性气体可有效地改善冷凝段下部的凝结换热,随着压力的增加不凝结气体对分离式热管冷凝段的影响减小。     

Numerical study of condensing bubble in subcooled boiling flow using volume of fluid model

In this numerical study, the behavior of condensing bubble was investigated using the volume of fluid (VOF) model in the FLUENT code. In order to simulate the condensing bubble with the FLUENT code, the bubble condensation was modeled using the user-defined function (UDF). For the validation of the UDF of bubble condensation, the results of CFD simulation were compared with the results of a bubble condensation experiment performed in Seoul National University (SNU). Simulation results showed good agreements with the experimental data. Moreover, the fundamental behavior of the condensing bubble was investigated in various conditions. The effects of condensation on bubble behavior were analyzed by comparing the behavior of condensing bubbles with that of adiabatic bubbles. It was found that the behavior of the condensing bubble was different from that of the adiabatic bubble in many respects including the bubble shape, velocity, rise distance and moving trajectory.     

Experimental study on sonic steam jet condensation in quiescent subcooled water

Condensation heat transfer of sonic steam jet in subcooled water was investigated experimentally over a wide range of steam mass flux and water temperature. Four different steam plume shapes were observed in present test conditions, and condensation regime map was given based on steam mass flux and water temperature. Maximum expansion ratio and dimensionless penetration length of the steam jet were also obtained in the ranges of 1.04-2.20 and 2.86-14.60, respectively. Then the semi-empirical correlations were given to predict the expansion ratio and penetration length, the results showed good agreement between the predictions and experiments. Moreover, temperature fields in the steam plume and surrounding water were measured. Axial temperature distributions represented the four typical steam plumes, and variation of the axial temperature confirmed existence of expansion and compression waves. Finally, surface renewal model was adopted to predict condensation heat transfer coefficients, which were in the range of 0.98-1.45 MW/m² K and mainly dependent on the physical property and steam plume shape, including expansion angle, expansion ratio and penetration length.     

纵向双曲波纹管冷凝传热的分析研究

对纵向双曲波纹管冷凝传热系数进行实验研究 ,分析了波纹管强化传热机理 ,建立了冷凝传热系数的数学模型 ,通过实验得到纵向波纹管的冷凝传热系数的计算式 ,并以此为依据 ,设计出高效节能波纹管冷凝器     

气体生产中冷凝冷却器的设计计算

介绍了气体净化装置的冷凝冷却器详细设计计算、试用情况及设备设计注意事项。准确地解决了生产中的设备选择困难,得到用户的好评。其传热机理比较复杂。