基于宽带极化转换超表面的天线RCS缩减

针对天线隐身问题,设计了一款宽带极化转换超表面加载的缝隙阵列天线。超表面采用渐变L型枝节的设计方法,其极化转换比大于0.9的工作带宽为79.2%。为缩减一款2×2的H形缝隙阵列天线的雷达散射截面(Radar Cross Section, RCS),将超表面结构加载到该天线上方。对阵列天线及超表面天线分别进行了仿真和测试,超表面天线的辐射特性保持良好,同时其RCS对于垂直入射方向上的x和y极化波分别在13.4～30.5 GHz和13.1～30.7 GHz得到10.0 dB的缩减。     

X波段圆极化透射阵天线

设计了一种具有极化转换功能的圆极化透射阵天线单元。该单元具有3层结构,包括线极化接收贴片、地板和圆极化辐射贴片,通过旋转圆极化辐射贴片来实现相位补偿。采用该单元设计了一种具有极化转换功能的圆极化透射阵天线,并对其进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,在10 GHz处天线的增益和口径效率达到最高,分别为24 dBi和31%,天线的3 dB增益带宽为9%(9.6～10.5 GHz)。与一般的透射阵天线相比,该透射阵的焦径比仅为0.33,具有剖面低的优点。对该天线进行了加工和测试,测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合。     

宽频带微波铁氧体双模变极化器

应用耦合波理论介绍了微波铁氧体双模变极化器原理,给出了设计数表和实验曲线,并将设计值、仿真值、实验值三者做比较,结果基本一致。     

一种复杂反射面的数控加工技术

数控刀具的选择和切削用量的确定是数控加工工艺中的重要内容。本文论述了解决一种复杂型面的数控加工的关键技术,并利用虚拟制造技术对加工进行仿真,给出了优化的数控加工程序。     

Direct imprinting on a polycarbonate substrate with a compressed air press for polarizer applications

In this study, simple two-step processes were used to fabricate the wire-grid polarizer (WGP) on a polycarbonate (PC) sheet. The PC gratings were fabricated by direct imprinting of the PC sheet onto a silicon mold with a compressed air press (CAP). No additional imprinted polymer was required in the imprinting step. The applied pressure of 5 bar was much lower than the pressure reported in the literature, which was due to the use of the CAP. The WGP was further fabricated with an oblique aluminum (Al) sputtering on the PC grating. The rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) was performed to explain and verify the experimental results. The fabricated WGP should have potential application in the infrared region.     

A reconfigurable frequency-selective surface for dual-mode multi-band filtering applications

A reconfigurable single-layer frequency-selective surface (FSS) with dual-mode multi-band modes of operation is presented. The proposed structure is printed on a compact 10 × 10 mm² FR4 substrate with the thickness of 1.6 mm. A simple square loop is printed on the front side while another one along with two defected vertical arms is deployed on the backside. To realise the reconfiguration, two pin diodes are embedded on the backside square loop. Suitable insertion of conductive elements along with pin diodes yields in dual-mode multi-band rejection of applicable in service frequency ranges. The first operating mode due to diodes’ ‘ON’ state provides rejection of 2.4 GHz WLAN in 2–3 GHz, 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN and X band in 5–12 GHz, and a part of Ku band in 13.9–16 GHz. In diodes ‘OFF’ state, the FSS blocks WLAN in 4–7.3 GHz, X band in 8–12.7 GHz as well as part of Ku band in 13.7–16.7 GHz. As well, high attenuation of incident waves is observed by a high shielding effectiveness (SE) in the blocked frequency bands. Also, a stable behaviour against different polarisations and angles of incidence is obtained. Comprehensive studies are conducted on a fabricated prototype to assess its performance from which encouraging results are obtained.     

X-band circularly polarized rectennas for microwave power transmission applications

Circularly polarized rectennas operating at X-band are studied in this paper. The quasi-square patches fed by aperture coupling are used as the circularly polarized receiving antennas, which are easily matched and integrated with the circuits of rectennas. The： double-layer structure not only minimizes the size of the rectennas but also decreases the effects of the circuits on the antenna. The receiving elements have broader bandwidth and higher gain than the single-layer patches. Two rectennas operating at 10GHz are designed, fabricated and measured. The voltage of 3.86V on a load of 200Ω is measured and a high RF-DC conversion efficiency of 75% is obtained at 9.98GHz. It is convenient for this kind of rectennas to form large arrays for high power applications.     

智能反射面辅助的毫米波系统性能

毫米波通信具有丰富的频谱资源,可以支持多千兆的无线接入,但是毫米波通信具有非常高的路径损耗,容易发生阻塞现象,尤其是在密集的城市环境。为了解决这一问题,引入了智能反射面(IRS)这一新技术,来增加反射路径,提高毫米波通信的性能。主要探讨IRS辅助下的毫米波系统,推导出引入IRS的平均可达速率,并对比分析了这一技术与传统放大转发(AF)中继系统的性能差。分析表明当反射元件的数量达到一定值时,IRS系统的平均可达速率高于AF中继系统。并且得到了反射元件的最优值,来使IRS系统的能量效率最高。仿真验证了推导公式的正确性,并显示,当反射元件的数量取最优值时,随着可达速率的增大,系统的能量效率增大。     

基于超构表面的高效宽带交叉极化转换器设计

基于近年来利用超构表面在调控电磁波极化状态方面的热度,应用超构表面设计了一种适用于微波频段的新型极化转换器,可以在比较宽的带宽内,将入射的线极化波高效地转换为其交叉极化的反射波,在四个频点附近转换效率甚至达到100%。在整个工作频带内,仿真和测试结果基本吻合,仿真得到极化转换效率高于90%,频带宽度为7. 88-20. 70 GHz,相对带宽达到了89. 7%。理论上给出了极化转换器的设计原理,仿真确定了转换器谐振点的位置,分析了极化转换器工作的物理原理,实验验证了极化转换器的效果。所设计的极化转换超构表面在极化选择控制方面有重要应用。     

Fabrication and characterization of bilayer metal wire-grid polarizer using nanoimprint lithography on flexible plastic substrate

In this work, we demonstrate the fabrication of bilayer metal wire-grid polarizers and the characterization of their performance. The polarizers with 200 nm period were fabricated on flexible plastic substrates by nanoimprint lithography (NIL), followed by aluminum deposition. Transmission efficiency over 0.51 and extinction ratio higher than 950 can be achieved in the visible range when the aluminum thickness of the polarizer is 100 nm. The fabrication process only involves direct imprinting on flexible plastic substrates and aluminum deposition, without any resist spin-coating, lift-off, and etching processes, which is much simpler, less costly, and applicable to large volume production.     

基于透射型超表面的宽带线圆极化转换器设计

提出了一种工作在S波段和C波段的宽频透射型线-圆极化波转换器,其由五层超表面级联而成.超表面正面的金属拓扑结构为对称U形,背面为连续螺旋.当线极化波垂直入射时,所提出的线-圆极化转换器在2.5～5.6 GHz内插入损耗小于0.9 dB,透射波轴比小于3 dB,实验结果和仿真基本一致.该极化转换器可用于空间电磁波的极化转...     

测试消光比的衰减系统研究

基于偏振干涉原理,设计了一种用于测量偏光镜消光比的连续可调智能化衰减系统。该系统由3个标准偏光镜、1个632.8 nm的1/4波片、1个步进电机和微机共同组成,其中1个偏光镜的主透射方向和波片快慢轴的夹角为45°并组成标准圆偏器,利用计算机控制步进角为0.25°的步进电机旋转圆偏器,从而达到连续衰减光强目的。其衰减范围可在0~60 dB间扩展,插入损耗小于1.2 dB。用该系统测量时,可得到优于10-7量级的消光比值。对衰减系统的调节机理进行了分析,并给出圆偏器旋转不同角度下系统的透射曲线。     

智能反射面辅助的毫米波MIMO系统波束成形设计

智能反射面(Intelligent Reflecting Surface, IRS),也被称为可重构智能表面(Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface, RIS)或大型智能表面(Large Intelligent Surface, LIS),通过重新配置无线通信传输环境,可以有效提高通信质量。考虑IRS辅助的毫米波多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)下行系统,通过采用流形优化(Manifold Optimization, MO)技术处理,协同优化IRS的无源波束成形、功率分配、预编码矩阵以及合并矩阵,以最大化多用户和速率。由于利用流形优化算法设计的最佳目标函数是非凸的,因此利用毫米波级联信道的内在结构,将非凸问题转换为更加容易处理的问题。仿真结果表明,所采用的MO方案能获得比最小均方误差(Minimum Mean Square Error, MMSE)方案以及随机相位方案更好的和速率性能。     

Short packet communication in underlay cognitive network assisted by an intelligent reflecting surface

We propose short packet communication in an underlay cognitive radio network assisted by an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) composed of multiple reconfigurable reflectors. This scheme, called the IRS protocol, operates in only one time slot (TS) using the IRS. The IRS adjusts its phases to give zero received cumulative phase at the secondary destination, thereby enhancing the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio. The transmitting power of the secondary source is optimized to simultaneously satisfy the multi-interference constraints, hardware limitations, and performance improvement. Simulation and analysis results of the average block error rates (BLERs) show that the performance can be enhanced by installing more reconfigurable reflectors, increasing the blocklength, lowering the number of required primary receivers, or sending fewer information bits. Moreover, the proposed IRS protocol always outperforms underlay relaying protocols using two TSs for data transmission, and achieves the best average BLER at identical transmission distances between the secondary source and secondary destination. The theoretical analyses are confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations.     

太赫兹超材料极化转换器设计及其特性分析

提出了一种反射型太赫兹超材料极化转换器.该极化转换器结构单元由典型的三层结构组成,上、下两层为金属层,中间为介质层,顶层金属层由一个开口谐振环和一个镂空圆盘组成.研究结果表明:该极化转换器能够将x极化波转换为y极化波,在0.584 0～1.352 0 THz频带上极化转换率大于80％,在0.642 4、0.936 4和1.301 8 THz处极化转换率接近100％.该极化转换器结构简单、便于加工,且能实现宽频带极化转换,在太赫兹波通信、成像等方面有广阔的应用前景.     

用于宽带实时数字下变频的高效二次变频电路

提出一种高效二次变频结构,分两步将中频信号搬移至基带.首先,通过一种将混频器置于滤波器之后的多相滤波宽带数字下变频结构将中频信号搬移至基带附近.然后通过传统的正交混频将信号搬移至基带,能节省滤波器资源,有效地降低采样率和数据处理速率,解决超宽带数字中频处理的难题.最后通过仿真和实验验证结构的正确性.     

一款高效率频率选择表面圆-线极化转换器

为了实现圆极化波到线极化波的高效率转换,提出了一种由两种圆极化波调制模块构成的复合结构单元频率选择表面圆-线极化转换器。采用天线-馈线-天线结构设计了左-左旋和左-右旋两种圆极化调制模,并将二者组合形成具有左旋圆极化波接收、左旋和右旋圆极化波同幅同相辐射功能的圆-线极化转换器。仿真与测试结果表明,该极化转换器能够将入射左旋极化波转换成线极化波,3 dB传输系数相对带宽大于19.8%,工作带宽内的圆-线极化转换率大于0.99。该极化转换器具有插入损耗低、设计原理易于推广等优势。     

A beam steering antenna for X-band high power applications

There is a considerable interest in the antennas which have high power handling capacity with beam steering functionality. The design of narrow side waveguide slot-array antenna for high power applications is introduced in this paper. An approach to achieve a uniform radiation slot waveguide antenna is presented. The large scale array antenna can be composed of such antenna cells. Moreover, it is possible to realize beam steering in the azimuth direction by adjusting the broad wall dimension of the waveguide. Besides, this slot waveguide antenna is expected to have high power handling capacity in vacuum environment, because there is no dielectric or electric field enhancement inside the antenna.     

智能反射表面辅助的MISO通信系统的物理层安全设计方案

智能反射表面(IRS)可通过调整反射单元的相位来提升无线通信物理层安全.针对IRS辅助的多输入单输出(MISO)通信系统,提出一种基于交替迭代的物理层安全设计方案.首先基于安全速率最大化原则,构建一个含有非凸约束的非凸目标函数;然后采用丁克尔巴赫算法和黎曼流形优化算法将非凸问题转化为一系列易于求解的子问题;最后采用交替...     

磨抛型保偏光纤偏振器特性研究

采用保偏光纤(PMF)定轴技术,将光纤粘贴在刻有双弧线槽的玻璃基片上,将其用研磨机研磨,使光纤呈D形,再在其上镀膜,得到最小封装尺寸为1.0 mm×25 mm、消光比为38 dB的高性能磨抛型PMF偏振器。建立了器件损耗、消光比测试系统以及温度特性实时测量系统。小批量生产的该磨抛型PMF偏振器实现了损耗小于0.5 dB的要求,消光比在30 dB以上,在-40 ℃~+60 ℃温度范围性能保持稳定。