Effect of Temperature on Kinetics and Adsorption Profile of Endothermic Chemisorption Process: –Tm(III)–PAN Loaded PUF System

Abstract

The sorption behavior of 3.18×10^?6 mol l^?1 solution of Tm(III) metal ions onto 7.25 mg l^?1 of 1‐(2‐pyridylazo)‐2‐naphthol (PAN) loaded polyurethane foam (PUF) has been investigated at different temperatures i.e. 303 K, 313 K, and 323 K. The maximum equilibration time of sorption was 30 minutes from pH 7.5 buffer solution at all temperatures. The various rate parameters of adsorption process have been investigated. The diffusional activation energy (ΔE_ads) and activation entropy (ΔS_ads) of the system were found to be 22.1±2.6 kJ mol^?1 and 52.7±6.2 J mol^?1 K^?1, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) were calculated and interpreted. The positive value of ΔH and negative value of ΔG indicate that sorption is endothermic and spontaneous in nature, respectively. The adsorption isotherms such as Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm were tested experimentally at different temperatures. The changes in adsorption isotherm constants were discussed. The binding energy constant (b) of Langmuir isotherm increases with temperature. The differential heat of adsorption (ΔH_diff), entropy of adsorption (ΔS_diff) and adsorption free energy (ΔG_ads) at 313 K were determined and found to be 38±2 kJ mol^?1, 249±3 J mol^?1 K^?1 and –40.1±1.1 kJ mol^?1, respectively. The stability of sorbed complex and mechanism involved in adsorption process has been discussed using different thermodynamic parameters and sorption free energy.     

复合纳米微粒Rh3＋／TiO2／SnO2的合成、表征及光催化降解4—（2—吡啶偶氮）间苯二酚的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备复合纳米微粒Rh3+/TiO2/SnO2作系列光催化剂,运用BET、XRD等技术对样品进行了表征.讨论了影响污染物4-(2-吡啶偶氮)间苯二酚(PAR)光催化降解率的主要因素,实验结果表明:以Rh3+/TiO2/SnO2为复合光催化剂,当m(TiO2)∶m(SnO2)＝56∶44,ω(Rh3+)＝2.0%,催化剂用量为1.0 g,通入空气的流量为10.0 L/min,试液的质量分数为2.0×10-6,pH=7.0时,光照2 h,PAR的降解率达到96.2%.     

Synergistic extraction of rare earths(III) from chloride medium with mixtures of 1‐phenyl‐3‐methyl‐4‐benzoyl‐pyrazalone‐5 and di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐2‐ethylhexylphosphonate

The synergistic effect of 1‐phenyl‐3‐methyl‐4‐benzoyl‐pyrazalone‐5 (HPMBP, HA) and di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐2‐ethylhexylphosphonate (DEHEHP, B) in the extraction of rare earths (RE) from chloride solutions has been investigated. Under the experimental conditions used, there was no detectable extraction when DEHEHP was used as a single extractant while the amount of RE(III) extracted by HPMBP alone was also low. But mixtures of the two extractants at a certain ratio had very high extractability for all the RE(III). For example, the synergistic enhancement coefficient was calculated to be 9.35 for Y³⁺, and taking Yb³⁺ and Y³⁺ as examples, RE³⁺ is extracted as RE(OH)A₂.B. The stoichiometry, extraction constants and thermodynamic functions such as Gibbs free energy change ΔG (?17.06 kJ mol^?1), enthalpy change ΔH (?35.08 kJ mol^?1) and entropy change ΔS (?60.47 J K^?1 mol^?1) for Y³⁺ at 298 K were determined. The separation factors (SF) for adjacent pairs of rare earths were calculated. Studies show that the binary extraction system not only enhances the extraction efficiency of RE(III) but also improves the selectivity, especially between La(III) and the other rare earth elements. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

新型FED用蓝粉Sr_5(PO_4)_3Cl: Eu~(2+)的研究

阴极射线显示器用蓝粉一直是限制彩色显示器发光效率和亮度的重要因素之一,这一问题也 同样存在于ＦＥＤ显示器件中。本文报导了最新研制的一种新型蓝色荧光粉Ｓｒ_５（ＰＯ_４）_３Ｃｌ： ＥＵ~（２＋）, 具有发光亮度较高,色纯度好,对阴极不易产生污染的特点。